Download Chapter 9 Review - Nutley Public Schools

Chapter 9 Review
Multiple Choice
1. The largest and least specific taxon is the
A. species
C. class
B. kingdom
D. genus
2. Norway maples, sugar maples, and red
maples are probably classified within
A. the same species and same genus
B. different species and different genera
C. the same species but different genera
D. the same genus but different species
3. The scientific name for the red maple tree is
Acer rubrum. This name includes its
A. class and phylum
B. family and species
C. genus and species
D. genus and order
4. Which is the correct order of taxa, going from
the smallest groups to the largest groups?
A. phylum, kingdom, genus, class
B. genus, species, phylum, class
C. species, genus, phylum, kingdom
D. phylum, class, genus, species
5. Organisms that are alike and capable of
producing fertile offspring with each other
are placed in the same
A. genus
C. species
B. family
D. kingdom
6. Which kingdom includes organisms that
have both plantlike and animal-like
characteristics?
A. Plantae
C. Animalia
B. Fungi
D. Protista
7. Except for yeasts, the members of Kingdom
Fungi are all
A. prokaryotic and unicellular
B. prokaryotic and multicellular
C. eukaryotic and unicellular
D. eukaryotic and multicellular
8. Which kingdom contains autotrophic organisms whose life cycles include alternation of
generations?
A. Eubacteria
C. Animalia
B. Plantae
D. Protista
9. Which of the following groups does not
include any autotrophic organisms?
A. algae
C. fungi
B. protists
D. plants
10. The branch of biology that deals with the
classification of life-forms is called
A. embryology
B. taxonomy
C. morphology
D. biochemistry
11. Organisms in kingdoms Archaebacteria and
Eubacteria differ from each other in
A. their biochemistry and genetics
B. the materials in their cell walls
C. the type of environments they inhabit
D. all of the above characteristics
12. A specific trait, such as fur or feathers, that is
used to determine an organism's classification group is called a
A. homologous characteristic
B. compared characteristic
C. shared derived characteristic
D. primitive characteristic
13. A group that has one or more different
species IS a
A. genus
C. class
B. family
D. phylum
Analysis and Open Ended
Base your answer to question 14 on the table
below and on your knowledge of evolution.
(1)
Simple multicellular
Simple unicellular
(2)
Complex multicellular
Simple multicellular
(3)
Simple unicellular
Simple multicellular
(4)
Complex multicellular
Complex unicellular
14. Organism X appeared on Earth much earlier
than organism Y did. Many scientists think
that organism X appeared between 3 and
4 billion years ago, and that organism Yappeared about 1 billion years ago. Which row
in the chart above most likely describes both
organisms X and Y correctly?
A. Row I
C. Row 3
B. Row 2
D. Row 4
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Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the
chart below and on your knowledge of taxonomic
groups.
15. The tiger
the
A. same
B. same
C. same
D. same
and the wolf are classified within
species but different orders
genus but different species
order but different families
family but different orders
16. According to the chart, the largest (and least
specific) division used in this classification
system is the
A. species
C. class
D. kingdom
B. family
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17. Refer to the following phylogenetic tree.
Which letter represents the most recent common ancestor of organisms 2 and 4?
Trout
Preparing for the New Jersey Biology EOC Test
A. letter A
B. letter B
C. letter C
D. letter D
18. What are the two main differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Explain
how these differences determine how the
cells carry out their life functions.
Base your answers to questions 19 and 20 on the
following diagram and on your knowledge of
evolution and classification.
19. The diagram, which is used to show evolutionary relationships, is known as a
A. phylogenetic tree
B. family tree
C. cladogram
D. dichotomous key
20. Pick one of the animals shown in the diagram. Explain why it best illustrates the trait
that it is associated with, rather than the trait
before or after it; describe how that trait distinguishes it (in terms of evolution and classification) from the other animals in the
diagram.
21. Briefly explain how a dichotomous key is
used to identify an unknown organism.
Choose any organism and give an example of
two valid choices that may be given at one
step in such a key.
Reading Comprehension
Base your answers to questions 22 to 24 on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.
Use one or more complete sentences to answer each question.
It seems impossible to imagine all organisms of a single species reproducing at.the
same time. But this is exactly what happens when all trees of a species simultaneously release pollen into the wind to fertilize the female flowers ofthat species. Still,
in animal species, simultaneous reproduction of many individuals is a rare occurrence. However, one of the most spectacular underwater events involves the mass
spawningof the millions of small organisms that make up a coral reef. A coral reef
isa stqny structure made of minerals removed from the water, over a long period of.
time, by tiny coral animals that live on the outer edges of the reef. Reefs are found
only in the clear, warm, shallow waters of the tropics. During their lifetime, coral organisms remain in one place. They catch and remove food particles from the water
that surrounds them. One good place to observe the mass spawning of cora 1apima Is
is the Flower Gardens National Marine Sanctuary in the Gulf of Mexico.
Scientists think that mass spawning increases the chances of successful fertilization in three ways. First, with so many eggs and sperm in the water at the same
time, fertilization is more likely to occur. Second, with gametes from different
colonies of one species being released at the same time, cross-fertilization betweep·
different colonies is more likely. This increases the genetic variation among the off..:
spring. Finally, with somany fertilized gametes in the water at once, the amount lost
to predation is limited.
22. Compare the process of simultaneous reproduction in plants to that in animals such as coral.
23. Why is cross-fertilization between different coral colonies beneficial?
24. What advantage does mass spawning provide for the fertilized eggs?
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