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UNIT TEST REVIEW 8TH GRADE I. Smoking – a. Tobacco – Green leafy plant that is dried up and ground up. b. Nicotine – Addictive substance in tobacco c. Marijuana – When smoked produces a wide range of effects such as: distortion of time and distance, reduces energy and coordination d. Emphysema – Air sacs (alveoli) in lungs bursts making it harder for the lungs to hold in oxygen e. Stimulant – Speeds up the central nervous system f. Depressant – Slows down the central nervous system g. Tar – is a black sticky substance that can coat the airways and cause cancer h. Carbon Monoxide – is a colorless, odorless, tasteless yet highly toxic gas that makes it hard for blood to carry oxygen i. Carcinogen – cancer causing chemical j. Three forms of tobacco – i. Snuff ii. Chew iii. Dip iv. Cigars v. Pipes vi. Cigarettes k. Health problems associated with tobacco – Emphysema, Cancer, and heart disease l. How old do you have to be to purchase cigarettes? 19 m. Is nicotine a stimulant or depressant? Stimulant n. Is marijuana a stimulant or depressant? Depressant o. What is the mind altering drug in marijuana? THC p. Is marijuana a gateway drug? YES (TRUE) q. What is the name of the plant that produces marijuana? Cannabis Sativa II. Alcohol a. Alcohol Poisoning – Damage to your physical health caused by drinking to much alcohol b. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome – a group of birth defects that affect and unborn baby that has been exposed to alcohol c. Alcoholism – a disease in which a person is physically and psychologically dependent on alcohol d. Legal drinking age – 21 e. Intoxication – Physical and mental changes produced by drinking alcohol f. Binge Drinking – Large amount of alcohol consumption over a very short period of time g. Cirrhosis of the liver – Deadly liver disease that is caused from drinking alcohol over a long period of time h. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) – Is the amount of alcohol in the bloodstream. Is the result of how much alcohol you drink and how quickly you drink it i. Driving Under the Influence (DUI) – .05 j. Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) – .08 k. How does alcohol affect the brain and body? Slows down the central nervous system. It affects perception, speech, balance and coordination. l. What organ in the body is responsible for “burning up” the alcohol in the body? Liver m. Is alcohol a depressant or stimulant? Depressant n. Beer = _12oz_______ wine = __5oz____ liquor = 1 ½ oz ___ III. Drugs – a. What does cocaine do to the body? Elevate Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Breathing Rate Increase in body temperature Damage to nasal tissues; causes nose bleeds Hearing hallucinations Causes Heart Attacks Paleness Insomnia (Sleeplessness) b. What does cocaine do to the brain? Effects dopamine receptors – responsible for producing pleasure Speeds up Central Nervous System (Stimulant) c. What are the signs of use or abuse for cocaine? Dilated Pupils Anxiety Excessive talking / rapid talking Nose bleeds Paleness Discoloration of skin (paleness) d. What does heroin do to the brain? Effects the Opioid receptor – responsible for producing pleasure Depresses brain activity e. What does heroin do to the body? Acts as a painkiller Skin infections Damages liver, kidney, and heart Drowsiness Collapse veins f. What are the signs of use or abuse for heroin? Constrict pupils Needle marks Clammy skin Drowsiness Excessive weight loss g. What do inhalants do to the brain? Damages myelin – outer portion that surrounds the brain cell and assists in sending messages. Cuts off oxygen to brain Cause memory loss h. What do inhalants do to the body? Slurred speech Effects balance and coordination Dizziness Nausea Increases Heart Rate Cause Heart Attack Chronic headaches Cause Muscle Spasms i. What are the signs of use or abuse for inhalants? Odor Depression Loss of interest in friends, family, and school Drop in grades Slurred speech Mood swings