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DIFFERENT FORMS OF ENERGY Notes # 3 Standard: 6.P.3A.1 WHAT IS ENERGY? It is the ability to cause motion or change It is a property of matter It can change from one form to another LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY Energy comes in many different forms It can be transferred from one form to another It can not be created or destroyed, just changed from one form into another form FORMS OF ENERGY- ALL FORMS OF ENERGY FALL UNDER TWO CATEGORIES Kinetic – energy of motion Potential – stored energy Thermal Chemical Radiant Mechanical Potential Electrical Gravitational Mechanical kinetic Nuclear KINETIC ENERGY Energy in motion in Waves Electrons Atoms Substances TYPES OF KINETIC ENERGY 1. THERMAL Thermal ( heat ) is the energy of motion of the particles in a substance. All matter is made up of atoms ( particles) that move faster when they heat up. The faster the particles move, higher the temperature. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy Heat always moves from hotter objects to colder objects 2. RADIANT Energy which is transferred through electromagnetic waves such as visible light, x-rays and ultraviolet light Solar energy is part of radiant energy * green plants use solar energy during photosynthesis *most of the energy we use originally came from the Sun Some sources of radiant energy are: stars, lights, and microwaves 3. ELECTRICAL Energy flowing in an electrical circuit Some sources are: solar cells, and hydroelectric generators, stored in batteries 4. MECHANICAL KINETIC Energy due to motion Mechanical Kinetic energy increases as an abject moves faster POTENTIAL ENERGY POTENTIAL ENERGY (P.E) IS STORED ENERGY TYPES OF POTENTIAL ENERGY 1. CHEMICAL Chemical energy is stored within the chemical bonds of matter Chemical energy can be released * for example in batteries, food, fuel when these substances react to form new substances 2. MECHANICAL POTENTIAL Mechanical Potential energy is related to the position of an object A stretched rubber band has potential energy- elastic p.e A book on shelf has potential energy since gravity can pull the book down- gravitational p.e *the height and mass of an object effect the gravitational p.e