Download Biology Midterm Review Sheet- 2016

Biology Review 1
Midterm Review 2016-2015
For units 1 and 2, please use the unit review sheets that were already provided
for you, which you already completed. No sense in doing it twice  Spend more
time on studying!
Pay special attention to the following:
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Scientific Method graphic organizer
Types of variables (IV, DV, CV) graphic organizer
Properties of Water graphic organizer
Yellow Macromolecule chart
Enzyme Substrate Manipulative Activity
DNA molecule diagram you colored
Plant and animal cell foldable
Cell Membrane foldable
The brain and lobes diagrams
Key topics from unit 2
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List the characteristics of living things and provide an example for each.
List, describe, and provide an example for each property of water.
How does temperature alter an enzymes function?
If the pH of the stomach is acidic and the intestines basic, how does this
affect the function of an enzyme that works best in an alkaline environment,
but has to pass through the stomach to get there?
What is the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids?
What is ATP? What comprises an ATP molecule?
How are ATP and ADP related? Explain the cycle.
Write out the equation for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Biology Review 2
Midterm Review 2016-2015
Directions: Use the terms in the box to fill in the macromolecule chart.
CHONS
CHO
Polysaccharide Glucose
DNA / RNA
CHONP
Main source of energy
Triglycerides
Amino Acids
COOH OH
Long Term Energy
No true monomer or polymer
Glycogen
CHO
Cellulose
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
NH2
PO4
Polypeptide
Makes Enzymes
Saturated fats
Steroids
Protect the cell
Chemical messengers
Store and transmit genetic info.
Provide structure
Macromolecules Basic formula &
functional group
Carbohydrates
Lipids
CH3
Nucleotides
Defensive
Monomer
Transport
Contractile
Sub-groups /
Polymer
Repels water
Protein Synthesis
Functions / Uses
Biology Review 3
Midterm Review 2016-2015
Unit 3- Cells
1. Be able to identify a plant and animal cell.
2. Be able to label and identify the cell membrane structure.
3. Who are the scientists that made contributions to the cell theory? Describe
what each discovered / contributed.
4. What are the three principles of the cell theory?
5. Why are microscopes a crucial piece of technology when studying cells?
6. Go back to unit one. What the three main types of microscopes? Describe
the characteristics of each one.
7. List the three domains.
8. List the eight levels of classification from most broad to most specific.
9. Describe the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
10. Which structures are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
11. How do antibiotics kill bacteria?
12. What is antibiotic resistance and how does it develop?
13. Why are cells so small? What is the advantage?
14. Which factor determines the efficiency of a cell?
15. How are phospholipids arranged on the cell membrane?
16. The sodium potassium pump is an example of a carrier protein that helps
regulate sodium ions into and out of the cell membrane, what type of
building block would it be a part of?
17. How does studying the cell membrane help us better understand cellular
function?
18. What is another name for the cell membrane?
19. What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
20. What specifically, is the cell membrane made up of?
21. Write out all of the structures and functions of the brain and the lobes.
22. Label the brain and the lobes.
23. Define diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
24. What are the three types of tonicity (osmosis) and draw which way the
water flows in each one? Describe each one.
25. What is the difference between passive and active transport?
Biology Review 4
Midterm Review 2016-2015
26. Why are carrier proteins used in active transport? Which direction, low to
high or high to low, are the molecules moving? Does active transport require
energy or no?
27. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, where does cellular respiration
occur (how we break down oxygen and sugar and release carbon dioxide
and water)? Hint we need this organelle to provide us with cellular energy
like ATP.
28. Does active transport go with the concentration gradient or against? What
about passive transport?
29. What is the main organelle that distinguishes between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell?
30. If water is flowing into a cell then the cell will become hypertonic,
hypotonic, or isotonic.
31. If water is flowing out of the cell then the cell will become hypertonic,
hypotonic, or isotonic.
32. If water is flowing in and out of the cell at equal rates then the cell is
hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic.
33. What are the two main structural components of the cell membrane?
34. Through what process do white blood cells engulf bacteria and viruses?
35. Which organelle is the storehouse of your genetic information?
36. Which organelle has ribosome’s all over it?
37. What is the function of the mitochondria?
38. If muscle cells are responsible for obtaining energy, which organelle is going
to be more prevalent?
39. Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
40. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
41. What is the function of lysosomes?
42. What organelles do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
43. What is the function of the chloroplast?
44.Which organelles are involved in the process called endocytosis?
45. What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
46. What are the functions of the transport proteins?
47. What is the function of a ribosome?
48. The theory that over time, more complex cells developed from simple cells is
a part of which characteristic of living thing?
Biology Review 5
Midterm Review 2016-2015
49. What is the function of the cilia and flagella?
50. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
51. What is the difference between endocytosis (explain pinocytosis and
Phagocytosis too) and exocytosis? Provide examples for each.
52. Tell me if it is passive or active:
a. Osmosisb. Phagocytosisc. Diffusiond. Endocytosise. Facilitated Diffusionf. Exocytosisg. Hypertonich. Isotonici. HypotonicLabel the cell membrane.
Cholesterol
Hydrophilic head
Peripheral Protein
Hydrophobic tail
Carbohydrate Chain
Phospholipid Bilayer Glycolipids
Glycoproteins
Integral / Transport Protein
Cytoskeleton
Biology Review 6
Midterm Review 2016-2015
Label the enzyme substrate complex.
Label the plant and animal cell.
Biology Review 7
Midterm Review 2016-2015