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PHYSICS
ATAR COURSE YEAR 12
FORMULAE AND DATA BOOKLET
2017
Copyright
© School Curriculum and Standards Authority, 2016
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Copying or communication for any other purpose can be done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with prior written
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done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with permission of the copyright owners.
Any content in this document that has been derived from the Australian Curriculum may be used under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) licence.
This document is valid for teaching and examining until 31 December 2017.
2016/
Physics Year 12 Formulae and Data Booklet February 2017
Physics YEAr 12
2
Formulae and data Booklet
Gravity and motion
Average velocity
vav = ts
Equations of motion
v = u + at
Force
Fnet = ma
Weight force
F = mg
Kinetic energy
Ek = ½ mv2
Gravitational potential energy
Ep = m g Δh
Work done
W = Fs = ΔE
Equations of circular motion
v = 2� r
T
s = ut + ½ at 2
v 2 = u 2 + 2as
2
ac = vr
mv 2
Fc = mac = r
m1m2
r2
Newton’s law of universal
gravitation
F= G
Kepler's 3rd law
T2 =
Gravitational field strength
M
g = G r2
Moment of a force
(force at angle θ to lever arm)
τ = r Fsinθ
4�2 3
r
GM
Note: the variable t refers to the 'time taken', sometimes referred to as the 'change in time' or Δt.
Wave particle duality and the quantum theory
Wave period
T = 1f
Wave equation
c = fλ
Energy of photon
E=hf
Energy transitions
ΔE = E2 − E1 = h f
Photoelectric effect
Ek = h f − W
De Broglie wavelength
h
λ= p
See next page
Formulae and data booklet
Electromagnetism
3
Physics year 12
1 q1q2
4�ε0 r 2
Coulomb's law
F=
Electric field strength
E = qF = V
Magnetic field strength
B=
Magnetic force on a
charged particle
F = q v B where v ┴ B
Magnetic force on a
current-carrying conductor
F = I ℓ B where ℓ ┴ B
Particle motion in a
magnetic field
r=
Torque on a coil
τ=rF
Magnetic flux
Ф = B A┴
Electromagnetic induction
induced emf =
d
µ0
I
2� r
m v
q B
ℓ v B
induced emf = –N
where v ┴ B
Δ(B A┴)
(Ф2 − Ф1)
= –N ΔФ = –N
t
t
t
emfrms=
AC generator emfmax = 2NℓvB = 2�NBA┴ f
V = IR
Ohm’s law Electric current
Ideal transformer turns ratio
q
I= t
Vp
Vs
=
Np
Ns
Work and energy
w = vq
Power
P = VI
Special relativity
Relativistic effects
ℓ = ℓ0
u=
Relativistic momentum
pv =
1–
v + u′
v u′
1+ 2
c
m v
1–
Mass-energy equivalence
v2
c2
v2
c2
E = m c2
v2
1– 2
c
See next page
t=
t0
1–
u′ =
v2
c2
u–v
vu
1– 2
c
emfmax
√2
Physics YEAr 12
4
The Standard Model
Elementary particles
See next page
Formulae and data Booklet
Formulae and data booklet
5
Physics year 12
Physical data
Mean acceleration due to gravity on the Earth....... g
= 9.80 m s-2
Mean acceleration due to gravity on the Moon...... gM
= 1.62 m s-2
Mean radius of the Earth........................................ RE
= 6.37 × 106 m
Mass of the Earth................................................... ME = 5.97 × 1024 kg
Mean radius of the Sun.......................................... RS
= 6.96 × 108 m
Mass of the Sun..................................................... MS = 1.99 × 1030 kg
Mean radius of the Moon........................................ RM
= 1.74 × 106 m
Mass of the Moon................................................... MM = 7.35 × 1022 kg
Mean Earth-Moon distance.................................... = 3.84 × 108 m
Mean Earth-Sun distance....................................... = 1.50 × 1011 m
Mass of electron .................................................... me
= 9.11× 10-31 kg
Mass of proton........................................................ mp
= 1.67× 10-27 kg
Tonne...................................................................... 1 t
= 103 kg
Physical constants
Speed of light in vacuum or air............................... c
= 3.00 × 108 m s-1
Electron charge...................................................... e
=−1.60 × 10-19 C
Planck constant...................................................... h
= 6.63 × 10-34 J s
Newtonian constant of gravitation.......................... G
= 6.67 × 10-11 N m2 kg-2
Electron volt............................................................ 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J
Electronic constant................................................. ε0
= 8.85 × 10-12 F m-1
Magnetic constant.................................................. µ0 =4
Electromagnetic spectrum
Note: shaded areas represent regions of overlap.
See next page
� × 10
–7
N A–2 = 1.26 × 10–6 N A–2
Physics YEAr 12
6
Formulae and data Booklet
Prefixes of the metric system
Factor
Prefix
Symbol
Factor
Prefix
Symbol
1012
tera
T
10-3
milli
m
109
giga
G
10-6
micro
µ
106
mega
M
10-9
nano
n
103
kilo
k
10-12
pico
p
Mathematical expressions
Quadratic equations
Given ax2 + bx + c = 0, x =
−b ± √b2 − 4ac
2a
Triangles
The following expressions apply to the triangle ABC as shown:
B
c
A
a
b
c
a
b
=
=
sin A sin B sin C
a = √b2 + c2 − 2bc cos A
See next page
End of booklet
C
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Elementary
particles
Adapted from Standard Model image: MissMJ. (2006). File:Standard Model of
Elementary Particles.svg. Retrieved June, 2016, from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standard_Model_of_Elementary_
Particles.svg
Used under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported licence.
This document – apart from any third party copyright material contained in it – may be freely copied, or communicated on an
intranet, for non-commercial purposes in educational institutions, provided that it is not changed and that the School Curriculum and
Standards Authority is acknowledged as the copyright owner, and that the Authority’s moral rights are not infringed.
Copying or communication for any other purpose can be done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with prior written
permission of the School Curriculum and Standards Authority. Copying or communication of any third party copyright material can be
done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with permission of the copyright owners.
Any content in this document that has been derived from the Australian Curriculum may be used under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) licence.
Published by the School Curriculum and Standards Authority of Western Australia
303 Sevenoaks Street
CANNINGTON WA 6107