Download Rocks and Minerals Study Guide- B Period: ______ This study

Name: ______________________
Rocks and Minerals Study Guide- B
Period: ____________
This study guide is based on the objectives that you were given at the start of the unit.
Answer each question. You do not need to use complete sentences, but should write
enough details to help you study for the test. This study guide is worth points!!!!
Pg. Describe the properties of a mineral. Include all five characteristics.
1. Use the word bank to match up the terms and definitions:
“naturally occurring”
“inorganic”
“crystal structure”
“definite chemical compound”:
“definite chemical compound”:
naturally occurring:
made of certain elements in same ratio
occurs in nature; not man made
“crystal structure”:
“inorganic”:
particles line up; crystals have a certain shape
can’t be made from living things
Pg. Identify minerals using crystal shape, streak, hardness, and density.
4. Use the word bank to match up the terms and definitions:
Streak
Luster
Cleavage
Fracture
______Luster___________:
The way a mineral reflects light from its surface
______ Streak___________:
The color of a mineral’s powder
______ Fracture_________:
Breakage pattern with rough, uneven edges
_______ Cleavage ______:
When a mineral breaks into pieces with flat
edges
5. On Moh’s Hardness Scale, which number is the softest mineral? __1___
Which number is the hardest mineral? __10_____
Pg. Explain how minerals form.
2. How do minerals form from molten materials?
Magma- underground, larger crystals; Lava- at/near surface, smaller
crystals
3. Explain the two ways that minerals form from materials dissolved in water:
Minerals form from solutions as water evaporates
Minerals form from solutions when hot water cools down
Pgs.
Describe the three types of rocks. Include an explanation of how each
type forms as well as its major characteristics.
Pgs. Classify rocks based upon their composition, grain size, color, hardness
and texture.
6. Explain what rocks are made of and how rocks are different from minerals.
Rocks are made of minerals and other materials. Rocks can be made from
organic materials but minerals can’t.
7. Draw a line to connect the type of rock to how it forms:
Igneous Rocks
Heat/Pressure change rocks into this type
Sedimentary Rocks
Molten material cools down
Metamorphic Rocks
Pieces of rocks get pressed/cemented together
8. Draw a line to connect the type of rock to what it looks like:
Igneous Rocks
Visible grains, may have holes, no layers
Sedimentary Rocks
Sparkly/shiny, may look bent or squished
Metamorphic Rocks
May have layers, rounded particles, dull luster
9. Fill in the data table for intrusive igneous rocks and extrusive igneous:
Type of Igneous Rock
Intrusive
Extrusive
Underground
At/near surface
How fast it cools
Slowly
Rapidly/quickly
Size of crystals/grains
larger
smaller
Where it forms
10. What does a “foliated” rock look like? It has a striped appearance
pg. Describe how limestone is formed from organic matter. Use an acid solution to identify
rocks containing calcium carbonate.
11. What are coral reefs made out of?
They are made from coral animals that use minerals in ocean water to build
their exoskeletons. When coral die, new ones build on top in layers that
form the coral reef.
12. How do coral reefs turn into limestone?
As layers of coral build up, the top layers press down on the lower layers,
compacting it into rock.
13. What type of rock is limestone?
Sedimentary