Download 3 Explanation - Earth`s Layers

Earth’s Layers
Presented by Kesler Science
Essential Questions:
1. What are the main
characteristics of the Earth’s
layers?
2. How can the Earth’s layers be
illustrated?
Earth's Layers
Earth’s Crust
• The outer layer of the Earth
• Similar to the skin on an apple
(thinnest layer)
• Made up of both continental
(land)and oceanic
crust(under the ocean)
• 5-50 km thick
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Quick Action – INB Template
Earth's Layers INB
Template
1. Cut out the Template.
2. Complete the Venn
Diagram.
3. Paste it in your
notebook.
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Earth's Layers
Oceanic Crust
• A thin layer of crust that
overlies the ocean
basins
• More dense than
continental crust
• Mostly basalt rock
• Thinner that continental
crust. (5-10km)
• Younger (newer) than
continental crust
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Earth's Layers
Continental Crust
• Layer of rock which forms
the continents
• Less dense than oceanic
crust
• Mostly granite
• Thicker that oceanic
crust
• Older than oceanic crust
© KeslerScience.com
Quick Action – INB Template
Earth's Layers INB Template
1. Cut out the four INB
templates to form a flip
book.
2. This is page 4 and should
be completely pasted
into your notebook.
3. The following 3 pages will
attach only at the top.
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Quick Action – INB Template
Page 3
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Page 2
Page 1
Quick Action – Earth's Layers
1.
2.
3.
4.
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M&M Layers of the Earth
Give each student a peanut M&M (if allowed
by the school).
Bite the M&M in half observing the layers.
Draw and label the M&M on the INB
template that corresponds to that layer.
What are some of the limitations of this
model?
Earth's Layers
Crust
• The outer layer of the
earth
• Similar to the skin on an
apple (thinnest layer)
• Made up of both
continental (land)and
oceanic crust(under the
ocean).
• 5-50 km thick
© KeslerScience.com
Earth's Layers
Lithosphere
• Solid outer section of
the Earth, which
includes the crust
(rocky layer)
• Also, includes the cool,
dense, rigid upper part
of the mantle
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Earth's Layers
Asthenosphere
• Solid part of the upper
mantle
• Weaker, less rigid (plasticity
- like silly putty)
• Crust moves over the
plastic-like asthenosphere
• These plates crash into
each other.
• Here the oceanic crust is
subducting under the
continental crust which
creates volcanoes.
© KeslerScience.com
Quick Action – Earth's Layers
Draw and label a picture of the Earth’s
lithosphere and asthenosphere in your INB’s.
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
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Earth's Layers
Mantle
• Largest layer of the Earth
• Under the crust about
2,890km
• Composed of silicate rocks
rich in magnesium and iron
• Intense heat causes the rocks
to rise and then cool and sink.
• The process is called
convection, which causes the
crust to move.
• Average temperature 3000o
© KeslerScience.com
Earth's Layers
Outer Core
• Liquid layer (magma) 2,300 km
thick, second largest
• Composed of liquid iron and
nickel
• Lies between inner core and
mantle
• Because the magma moves
around the inner core, Earth’s
magnetic field is created.
• Average temperature 4000o -5000o
© KeslerScience.com
Earth's Layers
Inner Core
• A solid ball of metal
• 1,250 km thick
• Made of solid nickel and iron
• So hot it melts everything in the
outer core
• Spins at a speed faster than the
Earth rotates
• Densest layer of the Earth
• Average temperature 5000o 6000o
© KeslerScience.com
Quick Action – Earth's Layers
Take a break. Get up and dance
https://goo.gl/aDFsvz
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Earth's Layers
What are seismic waves?
• Waves of energy
caused by earthquakes
and other rock
movement
• Travel through some
layers of the Earth
• Recorded with
seismographs
© KeslerScience.com
Earth's Layers
• Seismic waves are used
to determine which
layers of the Earth are
solid or liquid.
• Some seismic waves
cannot pass through
certain layers giving us a
clue to the layers
composition.
© KeslerScience.com
Check for Understanding
Can you…
1. List the characteristics
of each of the Earth’s
layers?
2. Illustrate the Earth’s
layers?
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