Download The Work of Gregor Mendel student notesheet

Name ________________________________
Date __________________
Block _________
The Work of Gregor Mendel
❖ __________________ is the scientific study of __________________.
❖ __________________ is the passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring. These characteristics are
called __________________.
❖ Gregor Mendel
➢ First clues to understanding how traits were inherited came from
__________________ __________________.
➢ He was an Australian monk, who in the mid 1800’s discovered
important facts about heredity using __________________ __________________.
➢ Garden peas produce male and female sex cells called __________________.
➢ __________________ occurs when the male and female reproductive cells join forming a
__________________. The zygote becomes part of a seed.
➢ Mendel used __________________ peas, which means if they were allowed to
__________________they would produce offspring identical to themselves.
➢ By experimenting with true-breeding pea plants, Mendel __________________ the appearance of
unexpected __________________ in offspring that might occur if the plants were not true-breeding.
➢
Mendel studied __________________ traits of pea plants, but only
studied __________________ trait at a time – for example, to see how
__________________ was passed from parent to offspring, Mendel took
__________________ from a true-breeding tall pea plant and
__________________ a true-breeding short pea plant.
❖ __________________ are the offspring of parents that have different
forms of a trait.
❖ Since only one trait was different the offspring is called a
__________________.
❖ Mendel’s Laws of Heredity
➢ Mendel concluded that biological inheritance is determined by __________________ that are passed
down from one generation to the next.
➢ These factors that determine __________________ are called __________________.
➢ __________________ are different __________________ of __________________, such as genes for
height can either produce genes for tall plants or genes for short plants.
❖
➢
1st Law
__________________
__________________– every organism has
two alleles of each gene and when gametes
are produced the alleles separate.
➢
__________________ – the way an
organism looks. Its __________________
characteristics. (tall or short)
➢
__________________ – the allele
combination of an organism. Its
__________________ make-up (TT, tt, Tt)
➢ An organism is __________________ for a trait if the two alleles for the trait are the
__________________.
• TT – homozygous dominant
• tt – homozygous recessive
➢ An organism is __________________ for a trait if its two for the trait are
__________________. (Tt)
❖ 2nd Law
➢ __________________
__________________
__________________ – genes for
different traits are inherited
__________________ of each
other.
➢ In a __________________ cross
(two traits) you can see both of
Mendel’s laws at work.