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Title Year Published Citation Link to Abstract on PubM Update on Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections and 2010 Their Management: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Baddour LM, Epstein AE, Erickson CC, Knight BP, Levison ME, Lockhart PB, Masoudi FA, Okum EJ, Wilson WR, Beerman LB, Bolger AF, Estes NA 3rd, Gewitz M, Newburger JW, Schron EB, Taubert KA; American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in Young; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care; American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;121:458-77 Transvenous Lead Extraction: Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus on Facilities, Training, 2009 Indications, and Patient Management: This document was endorsed by the American Heart Association (AHA) Wilkoff BL, Love CJ, Byrd CL, Bongiorni MG, Carrillo RG, Crossley GH 3rd, Epstein LM, Friedman RA, Kennergren CE, Mitkowski P, Schaerf RH, Wazni OM; Heart Rhythm Society; American Heart Association. Heart Rhythm. 2009;6:1085-104. Abstract Despite improvements in electronic device (CIED) infection control practice antibiotic prophylaxis at CIED infections continue threatening. This has pro CIED infections. Recogn understanding of the epid microbiology, manageme infections, the American this scientific statement t infections, provide explic of patients with suspecte and highlight areas of ne Link to PubMed Link to Abstract on PubM Multicenter Experience with Extraction of the 2014 Riata/Riata ST ICD Lead Abstract Background: In Novem Maytin M, Wilkoff BL, Brunner M, Cronin E, Love C, Grazia Bongiorni M, Segreti L, Carrillo Administration issued a c RG, Garisto JD, Kutalek S, Subzposh F, Fischer ST implantable cardiove A, Coffey JO, Gangireddy SR, Saba S, Mittal S, Management recommend Arshad A, O'Keefe RM, Henrikson CA, Belott P, remained controversial. John RM, Epstein LM. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1613-8. Objective: Data regardin extraction of Riata impla leads are limited. Title Year Published Citation Methods: We performed undergoing extraction of centers. Results: Between July 2 Riata/Riata ST leads wer (Riata 467, [84%]; Riata procedural success achie 78% men, with a mean a ventricular ejection fract implant duration was 44. months). The majority of infection (305 [53.0%]) a malfunction. Evaluation in 295 cases. Of these, 34 externalized cables. Impl longer in leads with exte difference in lead integri Riata ST leads (11.7% vs leads in which cable exte sheaths were used more f complications included 3 ventricular perforations r with 1 death 12 days afte effusion requiring percut Conclusion: Extraction o challenging, and leads w require specific extractio Riata/Riata ST leads can experienced operators at complication rate compa Link to Abstract on PubM Lead Extraction in the Contemporary Setting: The LExICon Study: An Observational 2010 Retrospective Study of Consecutive Laser Lead Extractions Wazni O, Epstein LM, Carrillo RG, Love C, Adler SW, Riggio DW, Karim SS, Bashir J, Greenspon AJ, DiMarco JP, Cooper JM, Onufer JR, Ellenbogen KA, Kutalek SP, Dentry-Mabry S, Ervin CM, Wilkoff BL. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:579-86. Abstract Objectives: This study s efficacy of laser-assisted indications, outcomes, an consecutive patients. Background: The need increasing in direct relati of cardiovascular implan Title Year Published Citation Methods: Consecutive p laser-assisted lead extrac Results: Between Januar 1,449 consecutive patien extraction of 2,405 leads Median implantation dur 356.8 months). Leads we the time, with a 97.7% cl clinical goals associated removal were achieved. F was associated with body low extraction volume ce higher in leads implanted performed in low volume 20 patients were directly including 4 deaths (0.28% associated with patients w kg/m(2). Overall all-caus 1.86%; 4.3% when assoc when associated with end 12.4% when associated w or =2.0. Indicators of allpocket infections, device and creatinine > or =2.0. Conclusions: Lead extra highly successful with a Total mortality is substan infections or device-relat the setting of diabetes, re index <25 kg/m(2). Cent tended to have a lower ra Link to Abstract on PubM Pacemaker Lead Extraction with the Laser Sheath: Results of the Pacing Lead Extraction with the Excimer Sheath (PLEXES) Trial 1999 Abstract Objectives: The purpose Wilkoff BL, Byrd CL, Love CJ, Hayes DL, safety and effectiveness Sellers TD, Schaerf R, Parsonnet V, Epstein LM, the excimer sheath in com Sorrentino RA, Reiser C. extraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:1671-6. Background: Fibrotic at chronically implanted pa valvular and cardiac stru Title Year Published Citation safe and consistent lead e telescoping sheaths prod effective technique of me fibrosis. However, ultrav instead of tearing the tiss Methods: A randomized conducted in 301 patient pacemaker leads. The las removed with identical to the exception that the inn replaced with the 12-F ex both groups was defined the randomized therapy w Results: Complete lead r group and 64% in the no nonlaser extraction was c 88% of the time. The me lead extraction was signi randomized to the laser t with 12.9 +/- 19.2 min fo techniques (p < 0.04). Po complications occurred i of the laser patients, incl Conclusions: Laser-assi has significant clinical ad laser tools and is associa Link to Abstract on PubM Safety and Outcomes of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients 2014 with Abandoned Pacemaker and Defibrillator Leads Abstract Introduction: Abandone electronic device (CIED) to magnetic resonance im Higgins JV, Gard JJ, Sheldon SH, Espinosa RE, to in vitro data showing e Wood CP, Felmlee JP, Cha YM, Asirvatham SJ, the radiofrequency field. Dalzell C, Acker N, Watson RE Jr, Friedman PA. abandoned CIED leads d Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:1284-90. clinical harm for patients Methods: This single-ce examined the outcomes o generators removed befo leads abandoned. Inform Title Year Published Citation review. Data collected in threshold before MRI, an threshold data after gene patient outcome. Results: Patients (n = 19 ranged in age from 19 to a mean of 1.63 abandone none of the leads were M implantable cardioverter three were dual coil. Mo were of the central nervo spinal imaging. There we with MRI in any of these within 7 days of the scan clinically significant cha noted with generator reim Conclusion: The use of cardiac device leads appe under careful monitoring although the experience function of leads that we cardiac device. Link to Abstract on PubM A Simple InfectionControl Protocol to 2014 Reduce Serious Cardiac Device Infections Ahsan SY, Saberwal B, Lambiase PD, Koo CY, Lee S, Gopalamurugan AB, Rogers DP, Lowe MD, Chow AW. Europace. 2014;16:1482-9. Abstract Aim: Device infection is considered procedure-rel months of an interventio of a simple infection-con cardiac device infections centre. Methods and Results: P ICP, we retrospectively a device implants, related p 3-year period. A new pro November 2007, includin determined by risk stratif control, specific skin pre as well as different diath all patients were collecte compared between pre- a Title Year Published Citation ensure that the populatio analysis of CDI and a rev micro-organisms were al seven hundred and ninety performed between Nove and 981 procedures betw 2009. There were no sign factors for infection betw the introduction of the IC the incidence of CDI from 1.36). Most patients with or grew Staphylococcus 958.40 per infection inci was minimal. Conclusions: A significa achieved with the introdu substantial cost savings. Link to Abstract on PubM In-Hospital Complications Associated with Reoperations of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators 2014 Steckman DA, Varosy PD, Parzynski CS, Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Sauer WH, Nguyen DT. Am J Cardiol. 2014;114:419-26. Abstract Repeat implantable cardi procedures are increasing higher risks for complica information for clinical d light of recent defibrillat large national cohort to c procedural outcomes. Us Cardiovascular Data Reg compared patient charact implantation, and associa among 92,751 patients re 81,748 patients who und = 31,057) and without (n Hierarchical multivariab determine the predictors Complication rates were repeat ICD procedures w implantation or revision) underwent initial implan versus those with pocket only) procedures (3.2% v significantly more in-hos and infections requiring Title Year Published Citation involvement cohort. Com pocket-only procedure, t ratio of any complication confidence interval: 3.66 who underwent repeat pr excluding lead extraction interval: 5.96 to 8.48, p < lead extractions. In concl when involving the addit without concurrent lead e higher complication rates and with those who unde Link to Abstract on PubM Predicting the Difficulty of a Lead Extraction Procedure: The LED Index Abstract Background: According performing permanent le minimum prerequisites c procedures' volume, or fa Heart Rhythm Society co suggests that patients sho experienced sites when a achieved. The purpose of score aimed at predicting procedure through the an database. This score coul who should be sent to a r 2014 Bontempi L, Vassanelli F, Cerini M, D'Aloia A, Vizzardi E, Gargaro A, Chiusso F, Mamedouv R, Lipari A, Curnis A. Methods: A total of 889 J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2014;15:668-73. from 469 patients. All pr January 2009 to May 201 electrophysiologists, at th Factors influencing the d assessed using a univaria regression model. The flu was taken as an index of Difficulty (LED) score w strongest predictors. Results: Overall, 873 of completely removed. Ma in one patient (0.2%) wh Minor complications occ deaths occurred. Median Title Year Published Citation (3.3-17.3). A procedure w fluoroscopy time was mo (PCTL)].At a univariate leads and years from imp with an increased risk of PCTL [odds ratio (OR) 1 (CI) 1.08-2.11, P = 0.01; P < 0.001, respectively). and sex, and combining w influencing the extraction analysis confirmed a 71% time above 90th PCTL fo (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.06-2 increased risk for each ye 1.15-1.31, P < 0.001). Fu increasing the risk were t leads and dual-coil impla Conversely, vegetations extraction. The LED sco extracted leads within a p implant) + 1 if dual-coil independently predicted fluoroscopic time >90th multivariate analysis. A r analysis showed an area score greater than 10 cou above 90th PCTL with a specificity of 76.7%. Conclusion: The LED sc potentially predicts fluor with a relatively high acc Link to Abstract on PubM Heart Rhythm Society Members' Views on Pacemaker and 2014 Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator Reuse Abstract Background: Reuse of c Hughey AB, Desai N, Baman TS, Gakenheimer L, devices (CIEDs) may he patients in low- and midd Hagan L, Kirkpatrick JN, Oral H, Eagle KA, Crawford TC. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:969-77. Methods: To examine H physicians' opinions rega survey eliciting attitudes all 3,380 HRS physician Title Year Published Citation Results: There were 429 A large majority of respo that resterilization of dev patients who cannot affo 87%) and, if proven to be 88%). A total of 340 (81 comfortable asking their their device, and 353 (84 a resterilized device if it cited concerns about dev 64%) and device malfun from the United States an impressions of device reu high-income countries (P statements regarding reu ethical concerns (P < 0.0 from all high-income cou lower- and upper-middle significant differences in Conclusions: HRS surve concept of CIED reuse fo afford new devices. Stud clinical efficacy and safe potential barriers to adop Link to Abstract on PubM Perforated Tricuspid Valve Leaflet Resulting from Defibrillator 2014 Leads: A Review of the Literature Clinical Significance of Collateral Superficial Vein across Clavicle in Patients with 2014 Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Wilner BR, Coffey JO, Mitrani R, Carrillo RG. J Cardiac Surgery. 2014;29:470-2. Abstract Tricuspid valve (TV) per after implantable cardiov permanent pacemaker im lead-related TV perforati symptoms months to yea a case where a patient pr regurgitation secondary t septal leaflet two weeks review of the literature a Link to Abstract on PubM Hosoda J, Ishikawa T, Matsushita K, Matsumoto Abstract K, Sugano T, Ishigami T, Kimura K, Umemura S. Background: Obstructio Circ J. 2014;78:1846-50. known complication afte electronic device (CIED) Title Year Published Citation developed collateral supe observed on the skin surf this study was to clarify obstruction and developm the clavicle. Methods and Results: A for generator replacemen extraction were enrolled. device was photographed medium was injected int side of CIED implantatio performed. Venous obstr diameter narrowing >75% obstruction in 27 patients statistically significant di characteristics between t venous obstruction group had a superficial vein acr CIED implantation. The superficial vein across th venous obstruction was 9 (P<0.001). Conclusions: The presen the clavicle is useful for obstruction in patients w Link to Abstract on PubM Influence of Vegetation Size on the Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Lead2014 Associated Endocarditis: Results from the MEDIC Registry Greenspon AJ, Le KY, Prutkin JM, Sohail MR, Vikram HR, Baddour LM, Danik SB, Peacock J, Falces C, Miro JM, Naber C, Carrillo RG, Tseng CH, Uslan DZ. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7:541-9. Abstract Objectives: The purpose whether the clinical pres endocarditis (LAE) is rel vegetations and how size clinical outcomes. Background: Cardiac im (CIED) infection may pr infection or bloodstream LAE is associated with s mortality. Methods: The clinical p were evaluated by the M Title Year Published Citation Electrophysiologic Devic international registry enr infection. Consecutive L MEDIC registry between 31, 2012 were analyzed. outcomes of 2 groups of the size of the lead veget echocardiography (> or < Results: There were 129 the MEDIC registry. Of vegetation <1 cm in diam patients had a vegetation Patients in Group I more local pocket infection, w presented with clinical ev Staphylococcus aureus w responsible for LAE, wh negative staphylococci w vegetations. Outcomes w underwent complete dev complications were assoc approach for device remo Conclusions: The clinica influenced by the size of recognition and managem obtaining blood cultures transesophageal echocard present with either signs infection. Link to Abstract on PubM Coronary sinus lead extraction in CRT patients with CIED2014 related infection: risks, implications and outcomes Lisy M, Schmid E, Kalender G, Stock UA, Doernberger V, Khalil M, Kornberger A. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2014 Jun 19. [Epub ahead of print] Abstract Aims: To examine risks, coronary sinus (CS) lead infections of cardiac resy systems. Methods: 40 (65.5±11.1 CS lead extraction proce 2000--2011. Nine (22.5% infection and included on lead and valve endocardi Title Year Published Citation pocket infection. CS lead subgroup was performed five years after the last C Results: 42 CS and 35 n Leads extracted in the in significantly longer in sit to the non--infection sub Extraction in infected pa methods and longer expo infected. Procedural succ was achieved in all patie complications occurred i and one (3.2%) of the no surgical--related in three times were significantly the non--infection subgro days). Conclusions: Our results CIED--system removal i regardless of whether or limited to the generator p failure, patient frailty and interdisciplinary approac diagnostic, procedural an lead extraction in this hig performed with excellent rates. Link to Abstract on PubM Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Lead Extraction in Patients with Underlying 2014 Infection Using Open Thoracotomy or Percutaneous Techniques Patel D, Khan F, Shah H, Bhattacharya S, Adelstein E, Saba S. Cardiol J. 2014 May 20. [Epub ahead of print] Abstract Background: Explanting electronic devices (CIED leads can be performed p thoracotomy (OR) appro the characteristics and ou patients undergoing EP v Methods: All patients (E received lead extraction CIED from 2005 to 2010 Medical Center were inc and clinical characteristic Title Year Published Citation electronic medical record index (CCI) was used to conditions. Results: Compared to th more likely to have posit vegetations, and worse C total mortality rates at 1 months (p=0.012) after th after lead extractions wa compared to the OR grou for other comorbid illnes regression model. Conclusions: infected C chest lead extraction are rates compared to those u extraction. Randomized, determine whether the pr extraction accounts in pa Link to Abstract on PubM Impact of Pocket Revision on the Rate of Infection and Other Complications in Patients Requiring Pocket Manipulation 2015 for Generator Replacement and/or Lead Replacement or Revision (Make It Clean): A Prospective Randomized Study Abstract Background: The fibrou implantable device gener bacterial colonization an capsule during device rep infection rates but may in complications. Lakkireddy D, Pillarisetti J, Atkins D, Biria M, Reddy M, Murray C, Bommana S, Shanberg D, Adabala N, Pimentel R, Dendi R, Emert M, Vacek J, Dawn B, Berenbom L. Heart Rhythm. 2015 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print] Objectives: The purpose effect of pocket capsule d infection and bleeding ra replacement procedures M randomized single blind undergoing device replac extraction were randomiz revision" (n=131) and gr (n=127). Deep and super and prolonged serous dra months of follow up. Da intention to treat principl Title Year Published Citation Results: A total of 258 p study. Rates of generator extraction/replacement w There was no incidence o at 12 months of follow u difference in the incidenc between groups (1.5% vs months of follow up. The acute hematoma formatio B (6.1% vs. 0.8%, p valu undergo hematoma evacu Conclusion: There was i formation in group A wit Our study suggests that t empiric pocket revision. Link to Abstract on PubM Insulation Failure and Externalized Conductor of a Single-Coil 2015 Kentrox Lead: An Ongoing Story? Multicenter Study of the Safety and Effects of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients 2015 with Coronary Sinus Left Ventricular Pacing Leads Bogossian H, Mijic D, Frommeyer G, Winter J. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:226-7. Abstract Conductor externalizatio the St. Jude Medical Ria reported externalization o Biotronik leads. Up to no not yet been reported for for the first time an exter Biotronik Kentrox single defibrillator (ICD) lead. Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Magnetic patients with left ventricu or lead heating, dislodgm dysfunction. Sheldon SH, Bunch TJ, Cogert GA, Acker NG, Dalzell CM, Higgins JV, Espinosa RE, Asirvatham SJ, Cha YM, Felmlee JP, Watson RE Jr, Anderson JL, Brooks MH, Osborn JS, Objective: The purpose Friedman PA. safety of MRI in patients Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:345-9. Methods: Prospective da sinus LV leads undergoin institutions were collecte dependent. Scans were p technician, radiologist, a Title Year Published Citation continuous vital sign, pu monitoring and a 1.5-T s rate <1.5 W/kg. Devices MRI, programmed to asy with tachyarrhythmia the reprogrammed to their or Results: MRI scans (n = patients with non-MRI c 2005 and 2013 (mean ag women, median lead imp interquartile range 125-1 on the head/neck/spine (n (n = 4 [10%]), chest (n = [2%]). There were no ov MRI interrogation LV le 12.9 ± 6.7 mV, P = .38), ± 312 Ω, P = .67), or thre V, P = .91). No individua intervention. Conclusion: MRI scanni pacemaker-dependent pa leads who were carefully without clinically signifi function. Link to Abstract on PubM Optimal Management of Riata Leads with No Known Electrical 2015 Abnormalities or Externalization: A Decision Analysis Abstract Introduction: Riata and cardioverter-defibrillator Sylmar, CA, USA) can d externalization and/or ele management of these lea Pokorney SD, Piccini JP, Pokorney SD, Zhou K, Matchar DB, Love S, Zeitler EP, Lewis R, Piccini JP. Methods and Results: A J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:184-91. management strategies: ( for electrical failure, (2) screening and routine de implantation of new ICD lead, and (4) implantatio extraction of the in situ l old primary prevention I demonstrated average lif Title Year Published Citation capping with new lead im extraction with new lead fluoroscopy with routine and routine interrogation sensitivity analyses ident strategy with only one pa value: when risk of nona lead abandonment is grea extraction is preferred ov Monte Carlo simulation sensitivity analysis, foun with 100% certainty (ext Conclusions: Overall the survival with monitoring approaches. There is no e screening for externaliza Link to Abstract on PubM Surgical Management of Major Intrathoracic Hemorrhage Resulting from High-Risk 2015 Transvenous Pacemaker/Defibrillator Lead Extraction Tricuspid Regurgitation and Implantable 2015 Devices Abstract A method, based on well described for surgical ma intrathoracic bleeding co the extraction of pacema Caniglia-Miller JM, Bussey WD, Kamtz NM, Tsai this method, four patient SF, Erickson CC, Anderson DR, Moulton MJ. hemodynamic deteriorati J Card Surg. 2015;30:149-53. superior vena cava and it lead extraction underwen Perioperative preparation management of major bl surgical repair technique complications can be ma strategy leading to excell extractions without mort Link to Abstract on PubM Al-Bawardy R, Krishnaswamy A, Rajeswaran J, Bhargava M, Wazni O, Wilkoff B, Tuzcu EM, Martin D, Thomas J, Blackstone E, Kapadia S. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;38:259-66. Abstract Background: There are regarding the prevalence after cardiac device impl cardioverter defibrillator [PPM]). Title Year Published Citation Objective: The goal of t prevalence of TR after ca determine its clinical sig Methods: A total of 1,59 devices implanted betwe Cleveland Clinic and had echocardiogram and at le echocardiogram were inc 3,566 postimplantation e for the 1,596 patients (m primary end point was po secondary end point was implantation. We have u nonlinear mixed-effects m trend of TR prevalence a hazard model to assess su Results: Of the 1,596 pa 61% of patients were me (including 334 patients w therapy defibrillator) and prevalence of grade 3 or 31% by 1 month and to 3 prevalence of grade 0/1+ preimplantation to 37% a Device type (ICD vs PPM placed did not have an ef 0.2). Right ventricular sy change over time (36 mm months, and 37 mm Hg b survival were 93% and 7 Postimplantation TR was late death (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cardiac dev with a small but significa moderate and severe TR, after implantation. The in both ICD and PPM place the number of leads impl significant increase in RV associated with a higher Title Year Published Citation Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: The Medtr Medtronic Inc., Minneap significantly impaired lo fixation leads fare worse this study was to present only with very long mean Very Late Follow-Up of a Passive Defibrillator Lead under Recall: Do Failure Rates Increase during Long-Term Observation 2015 Frey SM, Sticherling C, Kraus R, Ammann P, Kühne M, Osswald S, Schaer B. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015 Jan 20. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: Patients in wh in two large Swiss center eight (5.5%) patients wit Patients who died or wer censored at death or last January 31, 2014. We em of failure: strict = fractur sudden increase in imped impedance >100 Ohm; > interventricular-intervals a linear increase in imped decrease in sensing to a l considered inappropriate Results: We included 13 years. Mean and median (interquartile range 4.8-7 definition, 12 leads (8.8% years (range 1.2-8.1). Ap leads (10.2%) failed. Cum at 3, 96.9% at 4, 94.2% a "at risk" were: n = 122 (8 88 (64%). Endocardial Lead Extraction in the Polish Registry - Clinical 2014 Practice versus Current Heart Rhythm Society Consensus Conclusions: In this pop lead survival is impaired leads "at risk" at this tim Link to Abstract on PubM Chudzik M, Kutarski A, Mitkowski P, Przybylski Abstract A, Lewek J, Małecka B, Smukowski T, Maciąg A, Introduction: Over the l Smigielski J. increasing number of pat Arch Med Sci. 2014;10:258-65. cardioverter-defibrillator retrospective analysis of Title Year Published Citation pacemaker and ICD lead 2009 based on the experi Lead Extraction Centers. Material and Methods: consecutively retrospecti entered the information i had indication for lead ex Rhythm Society Guidelin analyze. Between 2003 a together. Since 2006, dat analyzed annually. Results: In each year, a s extraction was observed. were infections in 52.4% extraction constituted the LE in 29.7% of patients. percentage of class I indi 2006 to only 47% in 200 increasingly more leads w especially class 2b. In 20 due to class 2b. Conclusions: Polish Reg Extraction 2003-2009, sh lead extraction. The main systemic and pocket. An LE indication in every ce found. Link to Abstract on PubM Mechanical and Electrical Dysfunction of Riata Implantable 2014 CardioverterDefibrillator Leads Demirel F, Adiyaman A, Delnoy PP, Smit JJ, Ramdat Misier AR, Elvan A. Europace. 2014;16:1787-94. Abstract Aim: Riata implantable c prone to failure by condu electrical dysfunction. Th determine the predictors the association of conduc lead failure, and to analy time. Methods and Results: O our centre, 197 were inve recall protocol, including Title Year Published Citation device interrogation and mean follow-up period o failure was 18.8% (37 of 17.3% (34 of 197) for ele lead failure was correlate Externalization and elect only 6 of 197 (3%) patie coefficient -0.013, P = 0. screening, 145 (73.6%) p and 9 patients had novel incidence of 6.72%/patie expected based on crosswas a significant increas (17.65 ± 11.14 mm vs. 2 multivariate Cox regress cardiomyopathy and imp predictors of externalizat of electrical lead failure. Conclusion: Riata leads externalization rates with externalization and electr cardiomyopathy and imp predictors of structural le analysis, whereas 7 Fr le failure. Link to PubMed Optimizing Lead Body Control During Lead Extractions: The "Felix 2014 Helix" Lead Compression Method Yang F. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1666-7. MRI and Cardiac Implantable Electronic 2014 Devices; Current Status van der Graaf AW, Bhagirath P, Götte MJ. Neth Heart J. 2014;22:269-76. Abstract A crucial factor in the su maintaining control of th can be obtained by using stylet is usually placed d the lead to be extracted a (Colorado Springs, CO) devices, and Cook Medic Liberator Beacon Tip Lo locking device or stylet i to the outer components chance that the inner com of the lead may be lost. Link to Abstract on PubM Title Year Published Citation and Required Safety Conditions Risk Factors for 1-Year Mortality among Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection 2014 Undergoing Transvenous Lead Extraction: The Impact of the Infection Type Abstract Magnetic resonance imag essential diagnostic mod patient categories. This g an increase in the numbe implantable electronic de questions arose with rega these devices. Various in harmless performance of conventional (non-MRI c published European Soci guidelines on cardiac pac resynchronisation therap safely performed in patie or ICD (MRI conditional conditions are met. This former general opinion th ICD were not eligible to attempts to elucidate the cardiologists by providin potential life-threatening measures to be taken prio overview of all available their individual restrictio date safety protocol is pr patient safety before, dur • Historically, MRI exam has been considered haza technology and increasin practice have led to the i CIEDs and to more lenie of patients with non-cond investigations can be per when adhering to a stand protocol. Link to Abstract on PubM Tarakji KG, Wazni OM, Harb S, Hsu A, Saliba W, Wilkoff BL. Europace. 2014;16:1490-5. Abstract Aims: Infections of card (CIEDs) are infrequent b mortality. We aimed to a mortality among patients Title Year Published Citation and the Presence of Vegetation on Survival evaluate if the type of inf vegetation affect surviva Methods and Results: W patients with infected CI lead extraction at our tert and 2008. Patients who p the device pocket were c those who presented with vegetation and a pocket t as 'endovascular infectio examined using the socia hundred and two patients years); 289 (58%) had po had EVI. One-year morta multivariable Cox regres with significantly higher 2.1, P-value 0.0008). Am patients had vegetation o however, there was no di between patients with EV patients with EVI and no P-value 0.188). Risk fact patients with EVI includ class, and bleeding requi vegetation was not assoc mortality. Conclusion: One-year m with EVI compared with this increased mortality d presence of vegetations. Link to Abstract on PubM Cardiac Implanted Electronic DeviceRelated Infective Endocarditis: Clinical 2014 Features, Management, and Outcomes of 80 Consecutive Patients Kim DH, Tate J, Dresen WF, Papa FC Jr, Bloch KC, Kalams SA, Ellis CR, Baker MT, Lenihan DJ, Mendes LA. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:978-85. Abstract Background: The use of devices (CIEDs) has exp decade, but net clinical b increasing infectious com related infectious endoca with significant morbidit Methods: We performed study between July 2006 Title Year Published Citation related IE, defined by eit echocardiography or by f definite endocarditis. Cli were detailed by electron vital status was confirme Index. Results: Eighty patients range 56-75, 58 M/22 F) related IE. Overall morta to death of 95 days from the deaths were infection death of 29 days. Multiv methicillin-resistant Stap infection (odds ratio [OR [CI], 0.047-0.534; P = .0 endocarditis (OR 0.141, independently predicted Conclusion: In this cont mortality in patients with a short time to death from concomitant valve infect independent predictors o Link to Abstract on PubM Fluoroscopic and Electrical Assessment of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Leads: A Prospective Observational Study 2014 McKeag NA, Hodkinson EC, Noad RL, Kodoth VN, Ashfield K, Wilson CM, McEneaney DJ, Roberts MJ. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:1538-43. Abstract Background: Insulation externalization (CE) hav family of implantable ca leads (St. Jude Medical, this study was to identify and outcomes following with a Riata ICD lead. Methods: Patients with a fluoroscopic screening an lead at yearly intervals b Results: One hundred an borderline evidence of C These patients were pros (304.6 patient-years). Du developed definite CE, e Title Year Published Citation (95% confidence interva of follow-up. Of those pa one patient had the ICD unrelated to CE) and no associated with any elect lead. Conclusions: CE was ob patient-years of follow-u ICD lead and no definite Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Recalled S defibrillator leads are pro externalized conductors ( needed to guide lead man Objective: The purpose dynamic nature of EC an abnormalities and lead ex Prospective Nationwide Fluoroscopic and Electrical Longitudinal 2014 Follow-up of Recalled Riata Defibrillator Leads in Denmark Larsen JM, Nielsen JC, Johansen JB, Haarbo J, Petersen HH, Thøgersen AM, Hjortshøj SP. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2141-7. Methods: A nationwide patients with recalled Ria 1.1 years, 34 ECs, and 19 followed until death, lead fluoroscopy, or a new 20 and device interrogation. Results: Fluoroscopic fo normal baseline fluorosc 8 leads and borderline EC with an incidence rate of confidence interval 2.0-6 patients with baseline EC length of 4 ± 1 mm (P <. Electrical follow-up in 2 electrical function demon abnormalities after 1.0 ± of 7.1 per 100 person-ye 11.0). This rate was sign baseline EC, with an adju (95% confidence interva Title Year Published Citation extractions, all leads wer complications. Conclusion: The develo process despite long lead with a higher risk of elec lead replacement should patients with a long life e Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Transveno complex invasive proced operator and the team is procedural outcomes. Aim: Because of very lim procedural volumes to en competency for TLEs, w aimed at assessing the ou with low, medium, and h Safety of Transvenous Lead Extraction According to Center 2014 Volume: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis Methods: Of the 280 pap Di Monaco A, Pelargonio G, Narducci ML, February 2013, 66 observ Manzoli L, Boccia S, Flacco ME, Capasso L, criteria and were include Barone L, Perna F, Bencardino G, Rio T, Leo M, analysis: 17 were prospe Di Biase L, Santangeli P, Natale A, Rebuzzi AG, retrospective design; and Crea F. studies'. We included onl Europace. 2014;16:1496-507. introduction of laser tech the studies in low, mediu utilizing either the Europ (EHRA) or Lexicon clas Results: When meta-ana for the studies with large using EHRA or Lexicon differences emerged in th complications or intraope minor complications and centre volume increased. Conclusions: In our met studies, patients who hav centres have a lower prob Title Year Published Citation and death at 30 days rega length of lead duration, t extraction. Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Aims: Data concerning t obstruction in patients re limited. Thus, we aimed obstruction in patients re implications for tool sele Prevalence of Venous Occlusion in Patients Referred for Lead Extraction: Implications for Tool Selection 2014 Li X, Ze F, Wang L, Li D, Duan J, Guo F, Yuan C, Li Y, Guo J. Europace. 2014;16:1795-9. Methods and Results: C vein was obtained in 202 62.4 ± 14.5 years) schedu indication for lead extrac 72%) and other causes (n device infection had supe Access vein occlusion oc without infection vs. 46 ( 0.002; odds ratio (OR) 3 1.58-9.87]. No significan and non-occluded patien type, number of leads, tim lead, or anticoagulation t duration and fluoroscopy lower in the open group 0.05). Patients with veno advanced tools for lead e evolution sheaths, and ne Conclusion: Both system associated with increased We found no support for occlusion increases with Lead extraction was mor occlusion, requiring adva Link to Abstract on PubM Generator Replacement Is Associated with an 2014 Increased Rate of ICD Lead Alerts Lovelock JD, Cruz C, Hoskins MH, Jones P, ElChami MF, Lloyd MS, Leon A, DeLurgio DB, Langberg JJ. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1785-9. Abstract Background: Lead malf morbidity and mortality cardioverter-defibrillator Title Year Published Citation failure of recalled high-v increases after ICD gene generator replacement ha predictor of lead failure i Objective: The purpose effect of ICD generator e alerts. Methods: A time-depend model was used to analy monitored ICDs. The mo generator exchange on th generator replacement. Results: The analysis inc for 37 ± 19 months. The (95% confidence interva patients, 7458 patients (1 exchange without lead re replacement, the rate of l higher than in controls w generator replacement (h interval 3.45-7.84). A lar 3 months of generator re common in patients with and in younger patients. alerts. Conclusion: Routine gen with a 5-fold higher risk matched leads without ge suggests the need for inte replacement and the deve minimize the risk of lead replacement. Prospective Long-term Evaluation of Optiminsulated (Riata ST Optim and Durata) 2014 Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator Leads Link to Abstract on PubM Cairns JA, Epstein AE, Rickard J, Connolly SJ, Buller C, Wilkoff BL, Pogue J, Themeles E, Healey JS. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2156-62. Abstract Background: St Jude M implantable cardioverter to impart lubricity, streng Title Year Published Citation maintaining flexibility an prospective follow-up da Objective: The objective the rates of all-cause mec (conductor fracture, insu conductors, and other me prospective cohort of Op cardioverter-defibrillator Methods: St Jude Medic registries and enrolled 11 patients beginning in 200 baseline documentation, events reports (verified b algorithms), and docume inactivation, study withd Health Research Institute engaged to review databa potential mechanical lead independent analyses of Results: During a media were 51 mechanical failu free of this outcome by 5 from conductor fracture all-cause abrasion in 99.8 no reports of externalized significant differences in Durata DF1, and Riata S Conclusion: Over a mea insulated leads have low failure and no observed e Independent analyses of provide reliable long-term ongoing. Major Predictors of Fibrous Adherences in Transvenous Implantable 2014 CardioverterDefibrillator Lead Extraction Link to Abstract on PubM Segreti L, Di Cori A, Soldati E, Zucchelli G, Viani S, Paperini L, De Lucia R, Coluccia G, Valsecchi Abstract S, Bongiorni MG. Background: Percutane Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2196-201. cardioverter-defibrillator Title Year Published Citation procedure because of the tissue growth along the l Objective: The purpose occurrence and location extraction and to identify patient and lead characte Methods: We studied 63 underwent transvenous e 1997 to 2013. Results: Procedural succ complications. Areas of a subclavian vein (78%), in vena cava (66%), and he fixation, and dual-coil le associated with adherenc associated with adherenc superior vena cava, wher expandable polytetrafluo adhesive back-filled strat Passive fixation mechani adherences in the heart. Conclusion: ICD leads, affected by fibrous adher along the lead course. Le predictors of the phenom recommended at the time adherences. In addition, mandatory before a trans Link to Abstract on PubM Management of Malfunctioning and Recalled Pacemaker and Defibrillator Leads: 2014 Results of the European Heart Rhythm Association Survey Abstract The aim of this survey w Grazia Bongiorni M, Dagres N, Estner H, Pison L, strategies regarding the m Todd D, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Scientific and recalled pacemaker a Initiative Committee, European Heart Rhythm Europe. A questionnaire Association. current practice and phys Europace. 2014;16:1674-8. management of leads wh and/or recalled. Respons received from 34 hospita Heart Rhythm Associatio Title Year Published Citation (EP) research network. T high and low volume imp responding centres perfo provides a panoramic vie in the field of malfunctio leads and outlines a com abandonment and factors lead extraction. The main decision making were pa the damaged leads (44% (44%). Regarding the lea concern (61%) was the p associated with lead extr extracting centres showe removing the malfunctio with low volume or nonsurvey gives a snapshot o options regarding redund lead management and ma prospective research on t Link to Abstract on PubM Radiographic Predictors of Lead Conductor Fracture 2014 Krahn AD, Morissette J, Lahm R, Haddad T, Baxter WW, McVenes R, Crystal E, AyalaParedes F, Cameron D, Verma A, Simpson CS, Exner DV, Birnie DH. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2014;7:1070-7. Abstract Background: Lead fract voltage lead durability. F Medtronic Fidelis leads p examine factors captured correlate with risk for lea evaluated contributory fa fractures. Methods and Results: W case-control study at 8 C capture anterior posterior weeks of implant. Cases confirmed Medtronic Fid standard definitions, mat date of implant, sex, and Fidelis leads from the sam x-rays were collected for measurements by ≥2 ind blinded to patient status. time to failure multivaria model with stratification Title Year Published Citation pairs from 111 fracture p controls (age 61.5±12.8 y leads). Six parameters in were significantly associ including slack/tortuosity superior vena cava coil lo from the pocket. Conclusions: Pocket, int characteristics on x-ray c conductor fracture. Thes direct implant technique Validation in larger popu may inform the applicati Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Pacemake defibrillator lead extracti infection, malfunction, o identification of lead tip performance of the proce Radiographic and ElectrocardiographyGated Noncontrast Cardiac CT Assessment 2014 of Lead Perforation: Modality Comparison and Interobserver Agreement Objective: To analyze th and CT imaging to chara identify perforation in a p underwent lead extractio Balabanoff C, Gaffney CE, Ghersin E, Okamoto Y, Carrillo R, Fishman JE. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2014;8:384-90. Methods: Among patien between November 2008 subset of 50 patients with retrospective analysis. A radiography and thin-sec noncontrast cardiac CT. evaluated the imaging stu image reconstruction tec Beam hardening artifacts perforation on each imag point scale. Results: Among 116 lea perforated on CT, 12 lea not perforated. Interobse perforation vs nonperfora Title Year Published Citation weighted kappa for the e (κ = 0.54). Beam hardeni mean value of 2.1. The 2 on chest radiography wit compared with CT. The cases of chest radiograph Conclusion: Electrocard cardiac CT imaging with identify potential lead pe good level of interobserv demonstrates poor sensit compared with CT Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Aims: We investigated a (Compression Coil; Oneexperimental traction for Compression Coil Provides Increased Lead Control in Extraction Procedures 2014 Starck CT, Stepuk A, Holubec T, Steffel J, Stark JW, Falk V. Europace. 2014 Oct 26. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: O JS53, Biotronik) traction under different configura three groups: (i) traction locking stylet support (n with the use of a locking and a proximal ligation s testing with the use of a l coil (n = 4). The followin all groups: stress-strain c modulus, post-testing lea Groups 2 and 3 retraction lead was measured [lead (LTLSD)]. Maximal forc 28.3 ± 0.3 N; (ii) 30.6 ± P = 0.13; 1 vs. 3, P = 0.0 modulus was (i) 22.8 ± 0 (iii) 2447.0 ± 510.5 MPa 0.01; 2 vs. 3, P = 0.26). M 19.8 ± 3.2 cm and was 13 0.02). The ratio of LTLS 0.37 ± 0.03 for Group 2 a 0.01). Title Year Published Citation Conclusion: The applica to an increased lead cont the locking stylet within central support of extract challenging extraction pr Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background and Purpo leads are susceptible to c point prevalence of insul up to 33 %, but prospecti new lead abnormalities a study was to determine th conductor externalization Longitudinal Follow-up of Riata Leads Reveals High Annual Incidence 2014 of New Conductor Externalization and Electrical Failure Methods: A prospective conducted at a single tert one patients were follow anterior (PA)/lateral ches performed at baseline an conductor externalization Steinberg C, Sarrazin JF, Philippon F, Champagne clinical outcome were al J, Bouchard MA, Molin F, Nault I, Blier L, O'Hara G. Results: The overall inci J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2014;41:217-22. was 8.5 % at 12 months. conductor externalization and 1590 with an annual respectively. New condu times more common in 8 The overall incidence of 6.4 % at 12 months. Elec significantly higher in ab [6/129]; p = 0.03) and mo pacing thresholds. There inappropriate shock or fa Conclusion: The annual defects in Riata(TM) lea reported. Lead models 15 highest risk for new cond dysfunction in Riata(TM reported and is associate Title Year Published Citation Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: It is estim transvenous lead extracti extraction rate of nearly Despite technologic adva for significant morbidity rates with TLE directly p However, obtaining adeq postfellowship can be dif catastrophic complicatio (up to 300 cases) associa sought to validate a virtu simulator as an innovativ physicians new to TLE. Virtual Reality Lead Extraction as a Method for Training New 2014 Physicians: A Pilot Study Maytin M, Daily TP, Carillo RG. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014 Dec 12. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: We randomize fellows to VR simulator compared procedural ski groups using simulator c markers of proficiency a abilities battery. Results: Practical skills differed significantly bet conventional training gro executed patient preparat better than the conventio fellows randomized to co a simulator complication tears, three right ventricl fellow in the VR simulat 0.02). Tactile measureme excess pushing versus pu conventionally trained gr was also significantly hig group (12.46 minutes vs was no significant differe cognitive ability. Conclusions: We conten alternative training tools will improve physician tr Title Year Published Citation innovative pathway to as competency. Rates of and Factors Associated with Infection in 200,909 Medicare Implantable Cardioverter2014 Defibrillator Implants: Results from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Further Observations on a New Wound Closure Technique for Cardiac Implantable 2015 Electronic Devices: Single Center Experience Prutkin JM, Reynolds MR, Bao H, Curtis JP, AlKhatib SM, Aggarwal S, Uslan DZ. Circulation. 2014;130:1037-43. Zak PW, Welch M, Kanjwal K, Grubb BP. The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management. 2015. [epub ahead of print] Link to Abstract on PubM Troubleshooting during a challenging high-risk pacemaker lead 2015 extraction: A case report and review of the literature Rizkallah J, Kent W, Kuriachan V, Burgess J, Exner D5. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:94 Abstract Background: The use of devices continues to incr beneficial indications. W implantation decreased s risk remains associated w indicated. A high-risk pa described, wherein a chro perforated the right atriu without the need for card report we share our appro extraction case and descr pump hybrid technique t stitch". Case Presentation: A 74 complete heart block and presents with a swollen a pacemaker pocket necess computerized tomograph perforating right atrial le the pericardial space. A s Title Year Published Citation open surgical extraction the need for cardiopulmo possible due to a success stitch". Conclusion: Implantable infections are amongst th complications. Risks of d complicated in cases of c Extraction strategies that initiation are preferred. Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Aims: The incidence of c more than 12 months fol (late infection) has not be objective was to compare and late infection rates fo implantation. Increased late complex device infections are determined by cardiac 2015 resynchronization therapy-defibrillator infection Unsworth JD, Zaidi A, Hargreaves MR. Europace. 2015 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: P cardiac resynchronizatio without a defibrillator (C defibrillator alone [impla (ICD)], between March 2 studied retrospectively. T removal due to CDI. A to complex device implanta years of follow-up. Mean per cent were male. Over identified; 6 infections w 18 (3.7%) infections at le (P < 0.025). The mean in infection were 6 months the early and late groups rates (%) for ICD, CRT1.6, and 0.6, respectively rates were 2.2, 2.1, and 6 rate was driven by increa compared with early CR Conclusion: Early CDI r published data. Compare Title Year Published Citation rates are significantly inc infection. These findings reports. Late CRT-D infe long-term costs and over devices. Link to Abstract on PubM Preoperative skin antiseptics for prevention of cardiac implantable electronic device infections: A historical-controlled interventional trial comparing aqueous against alcoholic povidone-iodine solutions Abstract Aims: Local skin antisep implantable electronic de fully understood. This m study sought to (i) condu analysis comparing two a two similar consecutive p over a 1-year period usin solution (Group I) and th an alcoholic povidone-io determine the predictive 2015 Da Costa A, Tulane C, Dauphinot V, Terreaux J, Romeyer-Bouchard C, Gate-Martinet A, Levallois M, Isaaz K. Europace. 2015 Apr 26. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: C device implantation was A total of 32 pts (2.4%) d Long-term follow-up (26 significant difference bet observed in 14 of the 648 the 678 pts (2.7%) in Gro multiple-variable logistic performed to identify ris (aORs) and 95% confide calculated. The occurren correlated with re-interve 19.99; P < 0.0001), numb mean (aOR, 3.47; 95% C haematoma (aOR, 48.4; 0.0001). Conclusion: This study povidone-iodine solution effects regarding CIED i predictive factors of CIE haematoma, and number Title Year Published Citation Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: The small defibrillation lead has no 2007 due to its unusually of lead fracture risk were mainly in North America Aim: We established a m the lead fracture rate and cohort of French patients Factors predicting Sprint Fidelis lead fracture: Results at 5 years from a French multicentre registry Methods: Nine hundred with a Sprint Fidelis lead December 2004 and Nov registry. 2015 Superior vena cava echocardiography as a screening tool to 2015 predict cardiovascular implantable electronic device lead fibrosis Piot O, Deballon R, Nitu D, Marquié C, da Costa A, Leclercq C, Defaye P, Sadoul N. Results: Over a mean fo Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;108:220-6. mean fracture rate was 1 1.2% at 1year, 3.8% at 2 4years, and 20.7% at 5ye younger age (<40years) w of fracture compared to p between 40-60years had confidence interval [CI] had a relative risk of 0.45 subpectoral implantation 2.35 (95% CI 1.29-4.28) passive-fixation) had a re 10.7) compared with the fixation). No other predic Conclusions: In a large m patients implanted with a fracture rate remains hig with submuscular implan Link to Abstract on PubM Yakish SJ, Narula A, Foley R, Kohut A, Kutalek S. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2015;23:27-31 Abstract Background: Currently modality used to risk stra extractions. We report th (SVC) echocardiography Title Year Published Citation complex cardiac implant lead extraction. With an indications for cardiac de deal with the complicatio implanted device has als Methods: This was a ret echocardiography record Electrophysiology/Devic Images from 109 consec Results: 62% (68/109) d (41/109) had a CIED. In (4/68) displayed turbulen SVC, while 22% (9/41) o turbulent flow. Fisher's e significant difference bet 0.05). The CIED group w based on device implant Of the CIED implanted f turbulent flow in the SVC (0/8) with implant durati turbulent flow. Nine pati extraction. A turbulent co identified all 3 patients th SVC found during extrac Safety and Efficacy of the Totally Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillator: 2-Year 2015 Results From a Pooled Analysis of the IDE Study and EFFORTLESS Registry Conclusion: Our data su flow using color Doppler noninvasive screening to predicting complex proce Link to Abstract on PubM Burke MC, Gold MR, Knight BP, Barr CS, Theuns DA, Boersma LV, Knops RE, Weiss R, Leon AR, Herre JM, Husby M, Stein KM, Lambiase PD. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65:1605-15. Abstract Background: The entire cardioverter-defibrillator defibrillator that avoids p the heart. Two large pros System IDE Clinical Inv [Boston Scientific Post M reported 6-month to 1-ye Title Year Published Citation Objectives: The objectiv the safety and efficacy of population. Methods: Data from the were pooled. Shocks wer complications were meas classification scheme. En to assess event rates over Results: Eight hundred e underwent implantation w days. Spontaneous ventri (VT)/ventricular fibrillat treated in 59 patients; 10 with 1 shock, and 109 ev within the 5 available sho inappropriate shock rate cause mortality was 4.7% to 8.5%), with 26 deaths complications occurred i There were no electrode endocarditis or bacterem were replaced for right v complication rate decrea (Q1: 8.9%; Q4: 5.5%), a reduction in inappropriat Managing patients with advisory defibrillator leads: what can we 2015 learn from published data? Bracke FA, Van Gelder BM. Managing patients with advisory defibrillator leads: what can we learn from published data? Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation. 2015;23(4):199-204. doi:10.1007/s12471-015-0669-6. Conclusions: The S-ICD VT/VF. Complications a reduced consistently with operator experience incre evidence for the safety an Defibrillator lead advisor with patients and physici management. We review evidence-based approach From the complications o leads, the Medtronic Spr leads, and the consequen can conclude that a restra replacement is appropria the leads during a schedu Title Year Published Citation case of a higher electrica future premature interven We found no support to e leads. In contrast, extract than anticipated, and the simply abandoning the le Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Removal o implantable electronic de morbidity and mortality. classification scheme acc transvenous lead remova of using that scheme to g operating room extractio Outcomes and Complications of Lead Removal: Can We Establish a Risk 2015 Stratification Schema for a Collaborative and Effective Approach? Methods: Consecutive p lead removal from 1/1 th were retrospectively revi Fu H, Huang XM, Zhong L, Osborn MJ, Asirvatham SJ, Espinosa RE, Brady PA, Lee HC, Greason KL, Baddour LM, Sohail RM, Aker NG, Results: A total of 1,378 Hodge DO, Friedman PA, Cha YM. (age 64±17 years, M 68% procedures. Mean (SD) l Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 21. [Epub Forty-four percent of lea ahead of print] extraction. Lead duration cardioverter defibrillator associated with the need procedure failure (P<.00 complication rate was 1.9 associated with longer le 1.1-1.3; P<0.001). High pacing or an >5-year-old higher major events than 10-year-old or ICD lead 1-year-old) risk patients respectively; P<0.001). Conclusions: Transveno successful, with few seri Title Year Published Citation We propose a risk stratif categorize patients as low lead extraction. Such a st extractions are best perfo Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Little data following extraction of im defibrillator (ICD) leads, indications. We sought to survival after ICD lead e Methods: We retrospect extractions at our institut outcomes and long-term medical records review. Predictors of LongTerm Survival Following Transvenous 2015 Extraction of Defibrillator Leads. Results: Indication for le 32.5% and lead failure in Merchant FM, Levy MR, Kelli HM, Hoskins oldest extracted lead was MH, Lloyd MS, Delurgio DB, Langberg JJ, Leon procedural success was a AR, El-Chami MF. procedure-related compl six periprocedural deaths Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 10. [Epub 866 ± 798 days, survival ahead of print] patients with infection as 1 year after extraction, su infection was 88.2%, com failure cohort (P < 0.001 significant predictor of lo excluding periprocedural the presence of chronic k of leads requiring extract procedural failure were p Conclusion: Despite hig infectious indication for with increased long-term patients undergoing extra survival was excellent. T was a significant predicto studies will be necessary Title Year Published Citation mechanisms by which pr impact long-term outcom Link to Abstract on Pub Abstract Sudden and Fatal Malfunction of a Durata Defibrillator Lead due to External Insulation Failure. Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ. 2015 Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 21. [Epub ahead of print] Defibrillator lead malfun complication, leading to cardiac death in a high-ri Recognition of lead-spec development of focused the case of the Riata lead USA) or the Sprint Fidel Minneapolis, MN, USA) secondary to a Durata lea A brief review of the lite Medical implantable card presented. Identification potential sign of catastro Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Pulse generator exchange does not accelerate the rate of electrical failure in a recalled small caliber ICD lead. 2015 Introduction: St. Jude R were recalled by the FDA failure. More than 227,00 least 79,000 patients still have examined clinical p Lovelock JD, Premkumar A, Levy MR, Mengistu leads, but none have add A, Hoskins MH, El-Chami MF, Lloyd MS, Leon exchange on lead failure AR, Langberg JJ, DeLurgio DB. assess the effect of ICD g electrical failure in the R Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: A retrospectiv patients who underwent lead at one center. Patien (with/with externalized c exchange were compared implanted for a compara undergo generator replac Results: Riata leads wer prior to the recall and153 Title Year Published Citation generator exchange with externalization was noted ICD exchange cohort, wh control group, 19.2% (p first year after generator not significantly differ fr = 0.57). At change-out 5 (18.6 ± 0.9 J) that did no voltage lead impedance ( Conclusions: Conductor frequently in our cohort o exchange did not acceler at 1 year. Although, both cohorts failed at a rate m leads, generator exchang problem. Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Introduction: implantab cause serious secondary inappropriate ICD shock identify the clinical facto of LFs. Predictive factors of lead failure in patients 2015 implanted with cardiac devices. Aizawa Y, Negishi M, Kashimura S, Nakajima K, Kunitomi A, Katsumata Y, Nishiyama T, Kimura T, Nishiyama N, Fukumoto K,Tanimoto Y, Kohsaka S, Takatsuki S, Fukuda K. Int J Cardiol. 2015;199:277-81. Methods: A total of 735 (mean age 67±15years, m university hospital settin included. The implanted pacemakers, 250 implant (ICD), 9 cardiac resynch (CRT-P), and 55 CRT de primary endpoint was the Results: During a mean developed in 31 patients included 32 ICD (7 Sprin leads. Nine patients recei and 1 had syncope due to lead reinsertions with de required opposite site im occlusions. The predictiv Title Year Published Citation male sex, taller body len lead number, extra-thora vs. a cut-down of the cep and patients with idiopat and Brugada syndrome ( Conclusion: LFs occurre lesser age, the puncture m diagnosis of IVF/BrS we development of LFs. Successful stent implantation for superior vena cava injury during transvenous lead extraction. 2015 Xiaoying L, Brunner MP, Wilkoff BL, Martin DO, Clair DG, Soltesz EG. Heart Rhythm Case Reports. 2015;In press. Abstract Value of a Joint Cardiac SurgeryCardiac Electrophysiology Approach. 2015 We report three cases of extractions, requiring urg Bernardes de Souza B, Benharash P, Esmailian F, Immediate sternotomy an Bradfield J, Boyle NG. possible because of an in cardiac surgeon and card perform these cases, and J Card Surg. 2015;Oct 2. [Epub ahead of print] this joint approach is ulti patients undergoing lead Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Extracting versus abandoning sterile pacemaker and defibrillator leads. Rijal S, Shah RU, Saba S. 2015 Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:1107-10. Nonfunctional or recalled device leads can be revis (LE) or lead capping (LC decision and comparative unclear. We reviewed da patients who received LE 2006 to 2012. Patients w removal were excluded. device-related procedure electronic device procedu battery depletion, using a adjusted for differences i Secondary outcomes wer Title Year Published Citation hospitalizations, and allreceived LE were young operator with extraction <0.001). Leads removed nonextractors had longer 1.1 years, p <0.001). Ove (interquartile range = 3.2 unanticipated device-rela LE versus LC (hazard ra 0.62 to 1.75). Complicati mortality rates were also conclusion, lead revision operator extraction exper our analysis, we found n the 2 strategies. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: The subcutaneous implan (S-ICD) provides an alte implantable cardioverter undergoing TV-ICD exp reimplantation with an S safety outcomes in this c Infection and mortality after implantation of a subcutaneous ICD after 2015 transvenous ICD extraction. Boersma L, Burke MC, Neuzil P, Lambiase P, Friehling T, Theuns DA, Garcia F, Carter N, Stivland T, Weiss R; EFFORTLESS and IDE Study Investigators. Objective: This analysis was design data from S-ICD patients Heart Rhythm. 2015;Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print] TV-ICD explantation. Methods: Patients in the S-ICD ID Registry with a prior TV those with no prior impla (ICD), were included. Pa those implanted with the for system-related infecti after TV-ICD extraction Title Year Published Citation related infection (n = 44) (de novo implantations, n Results: Mean follow-up duration mortality was low (3.2% for TV-ICD infection we and 49.9 ± 17.3 years in de novo cohorts, respecti to have received the ICD (42.7%, 37.2% and 25.6% percentages of comorbid congestive heart failure, hypertension, in line with (6.7%). Major infection a in all groups, with no evi with the S-ICD after TVwere more likely to expe Conclusion: The S-ICD is a suitable a whose devices are explan Postimplantation risk of patients whose devices w infection. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Malfunction of cardiac devices after radiotherapy without direct exposure to 2015 ionizing radiation: mechanisms and experimental data. Aims: Malfunctions of c devices (CIED) have bee radiation therapy even in Zecchin M, Morea G, Severgnini M, Sergi E, ionizing radiation, due to Baratto Roldan A, Bianco E, Magnani S, De Luca soft errors in inner circui A, Zorzin Fantasia A, Salvatore L, Milan V, to analyse the effect of sc Giannini G, Sinagra G. types and models of CIE malfunctions. Europace. 2015;Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: F placed on an anthropomo equivalent material, and radiotherapy course (tota Title Year Published Citation treatment was performed before and after radiation electromagnetic field, an site were measured. Thir implantable cardioverter analysed. No malfunctio After radiation a softwar (52%) ICD and 6 (18%) electromagnetic field or in the thoracic region. Ne by the presence of the 19 + n) isotope activation; it than in PM and non-sign devices. A greater effect Boston (9/11), and St Jud models was observed; th relevant in PM. Conclusion: High-energ malfunctions on CIED, p direct exposure to ionizin radiation of neutrons pro Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Initial experience with the TightRail rotating mechanical dilator 2016 sheath for transvenous lead extraction. Aims: In parallel with in patients' longer life expe lead extraction (TLE) as shown a significant grow to present our initial expe novelTightRail™ Rotatin Aytemir K, Yorgun H, Canpolat U, Sahiner ML, Kaya EB, Evranos B, Ozer N. Europace. 2016;18:1043-8 Methods and Results: B 2015, a total of 42 leads our tertiary referral centr >12 months old and indi on the recommendations The leads were removed Mechanical Dilator Shea with the rotational cuttin removal included cardiac cases, lead malfunction i upgrade to cardiac resyn Title Year Published Citation (CRT-D) in the remainin devices were pacemaker cardioverter-defibrillator CRT in the remaining 6 ( leads, 10 (23.8%) were r atrial, 13 (31.0%) were d coronary sinus electrodes implantation was 72 (18procedural success with achieved in 22 (95.7%) p clinical success was 100% completely removed with the patients were dischar complication. Conclusion: Our prelimi show that TightRail™ M useful tool for chronicall (PM)/ICD leads. Continu patient cohort is required complication rates in com techniques. Link to Abstract on PubM Abstract Aims: We investigated t bidirectional rotational m (Evolution RL, Cook Me Clinical performance of a new bidirectional 2015 rotational mechanical lead extraction sheath. Starck CT, Steffel J, Caliskan E, Holubec T, Schoenrath F, Maisano F, Falk V. Europace. 2015;May 19. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: F 2014, we performed lead patients with 112 leads s this time period, we used sheath in 40 patients on 5 28 implantable cardiover for extraction. The mean patients was 100.2 (22-2 right ventricular leads, 10 coronary sinus leads. Cli approached with the Evo Operative mortality was not occur. Four minor co (all pocket haematomas) Title Year Published Citation were noted. In cases with wrapping of companion number of extraction too the Evolution RL cohort. Conclusion: Based on th experience with the new mechanical extraction de with high success rates in Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: For each c of transvenous lead extra against the risks. Clinica predicting mortality after Objective: To create a p prediction of 30-day all-c pacemaker and defibrilla Nomogram for predicting 30-day allcause mortality after 2015 transvenous pacemaker and defibrillator lead extraction. Methods: Consecutive p Cleveland Clinic betwee were included in the anal predicting 30-day all-cau Brunner MP, Yu C, Hussein AA, Tarakji KG, baseline clinical variable Wazni OM, Kattan MW, Wilkoff BL. regression modeling. Dis assessed by using bootstr Heart Rhythm. 2015;Jul 17. [Epub ahead of print] Continuous data are pres percentile); categorical d (percentage). Results: A total of 5521 1384 [25.1%] defibrillato 2999 TLE procedures (p 30.2% female). Lead imp years and 2.0 (1.0, 2.0) le procedure. Sixty-seven p days after TLE. Variable value for 30-day all-caus mass index, hemoglobin, ventricular ejection fract functional class, extractio Title Year Published Citation lead extractions performe of a dual-coil defibrillato to create a nomogram wi concordance index value Conclusions: Thirty-day can be assessed with goo readily available clinical Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Objectives: The use of c device (CIED; pacemake defibrillators [ICD], card [CRT]) implantation, one arrhythmias, is increasin related to implants are th and patient morbidity. W of infectious complicatio device implantation and infectious complications Incidence of and risk factors for infectious complications in patients with cardiac device implantation. 2015 Methods: A retrospectiv patients (61.5±14.2 years Ann HW, Ahn JY, Jeon YD, Jung IY, Jeong SJ, device implantation from Joung B, Lee M, Ku NS, Han SH, Kim JM, Choi analyzed the incidence o JY. the follow-up period. To associated with infectiou Int J Infect Dis. 2015;36:9-14. 1:2 matched case-control complications and contro complications who had t physician. Results: Among 1307 pa device-related infection: with infective endocardit years, the incidence of in 1.3/1000 device-years, b infection. ICD (5.1/1000 incidence of infectious c devices, and no infectiou among patients with CRT from the time of implant Title Year Published Citation years. In a multivariate a procedures including wo an independent risk facto (OR=10.88, 95% CI 1.11 Conclusions: Infection w device implantation, but associated with infectiou Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Several ris related complications hav study has investigated th on pacemaker-related co Impact of Pacemaker Lead Characteristics on Pacemaker Related Infection and Heart 2015 Perforation: A Nationwide PopulationBased Cohort Study. Lin YS, Chen TH, Hung SP, Chen DY, Mao CT, Tsai ML, Chang ST, Wang CC, Wen MS, Chen MC. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0128320. Methods and Results: P pacemaker implant from were selected from the T Database. This populatio pacemaker lead characte insulation. The impact of early heart perforation w logistic regression analys characteristics on early a perforation over a three-y Cox regression. This stud a mean age of 73.4±12.5 late heart perforations, th differences between grou fixation and insulations. regression analysis, the p was significantly lower i compared to either the bo 0.07-0.80; P = 0.020) or 0.26; 95% CI, 0.08-0.83; Conclusions: There was between active and passi leads were associated wi related infection. Link to abstract on PubM Title Year Published Citation Abstract Background: The Sprin implantable cardioverter recalled for premature fa Objective: Data on SF a therefore, we performed safety and efficacy of lea lead families. Outcomes of Sprint Fidelis and Riata lead 2015 extraction: Data from 2 high-volume centers. Methods: We retrospect patients undergoing trans leads at Emory Universit Pittsburgh Medical Cente 2013. Patients were place presence of an SF or RT major procedural compli urgent cardiac surgery, a El-Chami MF, Merchant FM, Levy M, Alam MB, hemothorax that required Rattan R, Hoskins MH, Langberg JJ, Delurgio D, Lloyd MS, Leon AR, Saba S. Results: A total of 462 p recalled leads (SF, n = 36 Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:1216-20. number of leads extracte than in the SF group (1.8 there was a longer impla ± 2.5 vs 4.3 ± 2.0 years, success was higher in the =.024). Clinical success 97.1%, P = .075). There complications in the enti major complications was RT groups (SF 1.1% vs R mortality was 0.65%, wi groups Conclusion: Our data fro suggest that extraction of with excellent clinical su procedural complications User-reported abrasion2015 related lead failure is Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Title Year Published more common with Durata compared to other implantable cardiac defibrillator leads. Citation Heart Rhythm. 2015;Jul 9. [Epub ahead of print] Background: Following abrasion with the St Jude implantable cardiac defib introduced with modifica abrasion resistance. Rece insulation failures of the Objective: To determine related failure are presen Methods: The Food and Manufacturer and User F database was queried for the Durata lead from 201 other ICD leads. Inciden characteristics were com Results: The estimated i significantly higher for th Boston Scientific Endota The mode of abrasion wa compared to "inside-out" Full-thickness abrasion w defibrillate or inappropri failure of therapy or deat Conclusions: The findin insulation failures of the modifications. External a to the adjacent lead withi common etiology. Shock undetected abrasion, resu Data are presented indica to abrasion risk. This lim ongoing scrutiny of Dura inspection of Durata lead is warranted, as are vigor information about termin leads. Link to abstract on PubM Transvenous implantable cardioverter- 2015 Kramer DB, Hatfield LA, McGriff D, Ellis CR, Gura MT, Samuel M, Retel LK, Hauser RG. Abstract Title Year Published defibrillator lead reliability: implications for postmarket surveillance. Citation J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4:e001672. Background: As implan technology evolves, clini performance data on curr cardioverter-defibrillator reliability data could info strategies directed by reg Methods and Results: W Quattro, Boston Scientifi Durata and Riata ST Opt participating center phys and September 1, 2012. O patients (median age 65, 1819 Medtronic, and 389 median of 3.2 years, lead (95% CI, 0.19 to 0.43), w difference among manuf these results suggest that differences among gener nearly 10 000 patients or Conclusions: Currently cardioverter-defibrillator reassuring to clinicians a benefits of transvenous i defibrillator systems. Re sample size implications effectiveness studies and preventing sudden cardia Latin American Registry On Implantable Cardiac Device Infection 2015 Gender And Age Related Differences In Implantable 2015 Defibrillator Recipients: Results From The Pacemaker Aguinaga L, Dubner S, Albornoz H, Lombide I, Fenelon G, Baranc A. http://www.jafib.com Feldman A, Kersten D, Chung J, Asheld W, Germano J, Islam S, Cohen T. http://www.jafib.com Link to abstract on PubM Background: Implantab well-recognized complic to systematically evaluat Centers. The aim of this prevalence of implantabl management in Latin Am Introduction: This study gender and age on defibr Title And Implantable Defibrillator Leads Survival Study (“PAIDLESS”) Mechanisms Of Lead Failure In The Pacemaker And Defibrillator Lead Survival Study (“Paidless”) Outcomes Of Defibrillator Lead Implants Performed By High Volume Versus Low Volume Operators: Results From The Pacemaker And Implantable Defibrillator Leads Survival Study (“Paidless”) The Impact Of Receiving Two Recalled Defibrillator Leads On Lead Failure And Survival: Results From The Pacemaker And Implantable Defibrillator Leads Survival Study (“PAIDLESS”) Infection control in implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices: current evidence, controversial points, and unresolved issues Usefulness Of Spect-Ct With Radioisotope Labeled Leucocytes For Diagnosis Of Lead- Year Published 2015 Citation Feldman A, Asheld W, Kersten D, Chung J, Brahmbhatt K, Germano J, Islam S, Cohen T. http://www.jafib.com/ 2015 2015 Introduction: This study lead failure among three (BSC), Medtronic (MDT Feldman A, Chung J, Kersten D, Islam S, Asheld W, Germano J, Cohen T. Introduction: This study operator volume on impl http://www.jafib.com/ Kersten D, Feldman A, Chung J, Islam S, Brahmbhatt K, Asheld W, Germano J, Cohen T. http://www.jafib.com/ Introduction: This study mortality in patients with recalled leads implanted. Korantzopoulos P, Sideris S, Dilaveris P, Gatzoulis K, Goudevenos JA. 2015 Europace Advance Access published October 29, 2015. 2015 Malecka B, Zabek A, Szot W, Boczar K, Debski M, Lelakowski J, Kostkiewicz M. http://www.jafib.com/ Introduction: Our aim w accuracy of SPECT-CT w leucocytes (SCY) in pati Title Year Published Dependent Infective Endocarditis Differences In Risk Factors Of Pm/Icd Pocket Infection And Lead Dependent 2015 Infective Endocarditis In Patients Qualified For Transvenous Lead Extraction Feasibility, Efficacy And Safety Of Percutaneous Retrieval 2015 Of A Leadless Cardiac Pacemaker Citation Małecka B, Wysokiński A. http://www.jafib.com/ Sperzel J, Khairkahan A, Ligon D. http://www.jafib.com/ Introduction: Evaluatio pocket infection (PI) and endocarditis (LDIE) in p lead extraction (TLE). Introduction & Purpos technology is an emergin therapy to the right ventr advantages. In this study safety and effectiveness pacemaker (LCP) in an i Abstract Aims: The Evolution she sheath with a cutting scre rotation. It has been repo chronic lead extraction. W efficacy of this system. Lead extractions: the Zwolle experience with 2015 the Evolution mechanical sheath. Europace. 2015;Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print] Delnoy PP, Witte OA, Adiyaman A, Ghani A, Smit JJ, Ramdat Misier AR, Elvan A. Methods and Results: F extractions requiring the prospectively examined. extracted. The first 57 le original unidirectional sh were extracted with the b to the current guidelines, defined as the removal o Clinical success was the lead, and failure was the complete procedural or c development of any perm The Evolution sheath wa patients. The median age was 8.0 years (median 6. minimum: 0.6 and maxim success rate of 98% and 88%. Complete procedur type Evolution sheath(96 Title Year Published Citation 21 (19%) implantable ca (20%) right ventricular p leads, and 8 (7%) left ven major complications and There was no need for th snares. Conclusion: Use of Evo to be safe and effective, w Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Transveno significant progress with and safety. However, lim in utilization and adverse considerable experience was to examine utilizatio of adverse events and inf complications. Trends in Use and Adverse Outcomes Associated with 2015 Transvenous Lead Removal in the United States. Methods and Results: U Sample (NIS), we identif Circulation. 2015;132:2363-71. investigated common com complications (hemoperi Deshmukh A, Patel N, Noseworthy PA, Patel AA, pericardiocentesis), pneu Patel N, Arora S, Badheka A, Kapa S, Mulpuru S, complications (consisting Noheria A, Fischer A, Coffey JO, Cha incidents requiring surgic YM,Friedman P, Asirvatham S, Viles-Gonzalez puncture), and in-hospita JF. defining them by the vali of Diseases (9th Edition) CM) diagnosis code. We death (2.2%), hemorrhag vascular complications (2 (1.4%), open heart surge respiratory failure (2.4% complications were fema Hospital volume was not higher complications. Th overall complication rate Conclusions: The overal undergoing TLR was hig Title Year Published Citation Female gender and devic higher complications. Ho not associated with highe of adverse events in the l the actual number of com Link to abstract on PubM Abstract When You Have Nowhere to Look, You 2015 Look Where You Can. Circulation. 2015;Nov 3. [Epub ahead of print] Maytin M, Epstein LM. While many physicians i electronic devices (CIED transvenous lead extracti inconsistent and, at times management. Despite cle lead extraction for infect receive multiple debridem for device-related infecti system upgrade and lead often added, sometimes i frequently resulting in th Why are more of these p lead extraction? In many unfounded fear of the pro gap. In a survey perform Springs, CO), cardiologi complication rate associa itself to be greater than 5 nearly 1.5%. Henrikson a similar survey among 25 whom identified themsel similar observations. Mo perceived the morbidity ≥2% and close to 30% of be ≥5%. Among the grou with TLE was similarly p the surprising prepondera the group. It is not surpri referred if this is the imp clinicians addressing the and lead management, 50 failed to correctly identif recommendations for dev >60% of respondents ide performing TLE. Clearly Title Year Published Citation education, both of which Circulation, Deshmukh a recognize that "limited d utilization and adverse o considerable experience" available data with obser descriptive study utilizin database. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Despite th of implantable cardiover clinical practice, concern regarding ICD leaddurab specific lead designs and populations need clarific Transvenous Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator (ICD) 2015 Lead Performance: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4:e002418. Providência R, Kramer DB, Pimenta D, Babu GG, Hatfield LA, Ioannou A, Novak J, Hauser RG, Lambiase PD. Methods and Results: T Cochrane Collaboration studies including ≥2 of th leads. The Mantel-Haens used. Seventeen studies w 49 871 patients-5538 imp Medical Inc), 10 605 wit Scientific), 16 119 with S 11 709 with Sprint Fideli with Riata (St. Jude Med 509 lead-years. Although numerically higher rate, differences in the mean i 0.45% per year) were ob nonrecalled leads. A high with the Riata (1.0% per (>2.0% per-year increase nonrecalled leads. An ind Durata lead failure versu Reliance leads was obser allowing for comparison but this requires further e Conclusions: Endotak R and Durata (7F) leads dis Title Year Published Citation failure; however, long-te More data are needed to safety of the Durata lead Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: A steady r of cardiovascular implan particularly in the elderly related infections. Althou a single entity, these com heterogeneous group. Sp associated with distinct m Differences of Mortality Rates between Pocket and Nonpocket 2015 Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print] Lee DH, Gracely EJ, Aleem SY, Kutalek SP, Vielemeyer O. Methods: Medical recor device extraction for CIE tertiary referral center be reviewed. Infections wer primary pocket site infec with bacteremia, primary device-related infective e presentation, laboratory d obtained by chart review Security Death Index. Results: A total of 387 c in-hospital and 1-year all and 25.3%, respectively. significantly higher mort 95% confidence interval 1.6-4.1, respectively) wh PPSI group. Patients who new device during the in 1-year mortality rate com 95% CI 1.8-4.1). Conclusions: Our patien related infections requiri a significant mortality ris infection carried a more the presence of bacterem prevention of CIED-relat Title Year Published Citation no pocket site involveme populations, is needed. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: With the i of HIV+ patients in the U between HIV and cardio the use of Cardiac Impla (CIEDs) in patients with With the increasing incid complications, lead extra importance in this popula devices increases in the H are to be expected; theref the HIV population must Clinical Outcomes of Patients with HIV Undergoing Lead 2015 Extraction for Infectious and NonInfectious Indications. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Oct 30. [Epub ahead of print] Cohen JA, Govea A, Carrillo RG. Methods: From January 1018 patients requiring l single, high-volume terti this group of patients, 10 reviewed the charts of th reported clinical variable Results: Infection was th for lead extraction and de in advanced heart failure fraction of the sample po addition, the majority of comorbidities. Devices r were implantable cardiov pacemakers, and cardiac devices. On average, 35. implantation of the oldes There were no major or m procedures were clinicall Conclusions: Laser lead effective in patients with of clinical precedent rega infection or malfunction Link to abstract on PubM Title Year Published Citation Abstract Aims: Benefits of cardia (CRT) are well known fo patients might experienc coronary sinus (CS) lead nerve stimulation, and di impact on quality of life, stability is one of the mo procedures. The novel active fixation coronary sinus lead: efficacy and 2015 safety of transvenous extraction procedure. Europace. 2015;Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print] Bontempi L, Vassanelli F, Ashofair N, Inama L, Mariggiò D, Cerini M, Curnis A. Methods and Results: R 20066 Attain Stability® Netherlands) active fixat overcome this issue. The 0.20 mm (0.008 in.) that the lead within the vein a our first experience with this novel active fixation Conclusion: In our case, reported in humans, the e of active fixation lead wa effective procedure at 8 m Indeed, under angiograph was no documented disse during and after removal manoeuvre was effective traction of the lead itself. Management of a previously unreported implantable cardioverterdefibrillator lead complication. Coronary Sinus Lead Extraction Europace. 2015;Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print] 2015 Mendenhall GS, Saba S, Voigt A. Cronin EM, Wilkoff BL. 2015 Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2015;7:661-71. Link to abstract on PubM A 68-year-old male with cardioverter-defibrillator technically challenging e Fidelis lead at the time o generator. During implan 55 cm defibrillator lead, Link to Europace [login Abstract Expanded indications for therapy and the increasin Title Year Published Citation implantable electronic de increased need for coron The CS presents unique a successful lead extraction requirements for CS lead for other leads. Here we and results of CS lead ex and complications are sim leads, although multiple implantation options may incorporated into pre-pro Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: The best c patients with routine imp (ICD) is not settled. Trad dual-coil leads but the us increasing. Objective: The purpose clinical outcomes in pati leads. Single-coil and dualcoil defibrillator leads and association with 2015 clinical outcomes in a complete Danish nationwide ICD cohort Larsen JM, Hjortshøj SP, Nielsen JC, Johansen JB, Petersen HH, Haarbo J, Johansen MB, Margrethe Thøgersen A. Heart Rhythm. 2015;Nov 21. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: All 4769 Dani first-time ICD implants f from the Danish Pacema Defibrillator leads were 3 61.1% dual-coil leads. T cause mortality. Seconda successful energy at imp shock failure in spontane failure, and lead extractio Results: Single-coil lead cause mortality with an a confidence interval 0.73robust in a supplementar analysis. However, dualwith slightly higher preim residual confounding by explanation for the obser type and mortality. The l Title Year Published Citation energy was higher using 22.1 ± 3.9 J; P < .001). N observed for other secon shock efficacies and low extraction complications Conclusion: Shock effic systems. The choice betw defibrillator leads is unli significant impact on pat implants. Link to abstract on PubM Transvenous Lead Extraction of Cardiac Implantable Electronic 2015 Devices: Who, When, How and Where? Hussein AA, Wilkoff BL. Link to article [login req Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2016;69:3-6. Abstract Surgical management of infected cardiac implantable electronic devices 2016 Chaudhry UA, Harling L, Ashrafian H, Athanasiou C, Tsipas P, Kokotsakis J, Athanasiou T. Int J Cardiol. 2016;203:714-21. The growing use of cardi (CIED) has led to infecti are traditionally managed transvenous approach to Indications for such strat range from simple tractio extraction tools including attempts fail, or if there a there may be need for a c Limited evidence is curre individual strategies, and case reports or series. Mo bypass, cardioplegic arre atrium to allow direct vis safely explant all CIED c perforation, valvular and review, we describe a nu challenges faced by surg CIED. It is clear that futu creating clear consensus risks and measures of eff surgical techniques. Title Year Published Citation Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Introduction: Lead failu common complications i cardiovascular implantab cause serious secondary inappropriate ICD shock identify the clinicalfactor of LFs. Predictive factors of lead failure in patients 2015 implanted with cardiac devices. Methods: A total of 735 (mean age 67±15years, m university hospital settin included. The implanted pacemakers, 250 implant (ICD), 9 cardiacresynchr (CRT-P), and 55 CRT de Aizawa Y, Negishi M, Kashimura S, Nakajima K, primary endpoint was the Kunitomi A, Katsumata Y, Nishiyama T, Kimura T, Nishiyama N, Fukumoto K, Tanimoto Y, Results: During a mean Kohsaka S, Takatsuki S, Fukuda K. developed in 31 patients included 32 ICD (7 Sprin Int J Cardiol. 2015;199:277-81. leads. Nine patients recei and 1 had syncope due to All patients underwent le replacements. Eight patie implantations due to ven The predictive factors of taller body length, ICD v lesser lead number, extra vein vs. a cut-down of th leads and patients with id (IVF) and Brugada syndr Conclusion: LFs occurre lesser age, the puncture m diagnosis of IVF/BrS we development of LFs. Device Pocket Scar Predicts Transvenous 2015 Maytin M, John RM, Epstein LM. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract: The challenge extraction (TLE) of card Title Year Published Lead Extraction Difficulty Citation J Innov Card Rhythm Man. 2015;6:2173-7. devices (CIEDs) are prin foreign body response to understanding, predictors formation have not been evaluate if the severity o endovascular scar and TL prospective analysis of c TLE. Patient and procedu of pocket scar severity, o difficulty, extraction tim sheaths (ESs) used are re regression analyses were association between pock endpoint and subjective d operator, respectively. B February 2012, 144 patie assessment of pocket sca mean age 62±16 years. A 84±53 months. Indicatio 35%, malfunction 30%, u incremental increase in p associated with a twofold 2.03; 95% CI 1.005–4.11 correlated significantly w procedural difficulty (r=0 of TLE difficulty (1–10) severity of CIED pocket the scar in the device poc use and long extraction t of extraction difficulty. C predict TLE difficulty. Link to article on The Jo Rhythm Management we Abstract Lead Integrity Alert Is Useful for Assessment 2015 of Performance of Biotronik Linox Leads Steinberg C Padfield GJ, Hahn E, Flavelle S, McILROY C, VAN Bremen O, Yeung-LaiWah JA, Kerr CR, Deyell MW, Tung SK, Andrade JG, Bennett MT, Bashir JG, Krahn AD, Chakrabarti S. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:1340-5. Introduction: Medtronic software algorithm is use parameters across variou utility in the assessment of high-voltage (HV) lea Methods: We conducted assess the performance o Title Year Published Citation abnormalities and lead fa LIA-enabled Medtronic d Linox lead were included 2 blinded electrophysiolo data. Results: Between 2008 a with 564 patient-years of analysis. The median fol 41 months). Twenty-one different patients. The m was 32 months (IQR 21year lead survival free fr percent (19/20) LIA aler most common LIA trigge (85%) and nonsustained Abrupt changes of the IC 5/20 triggers. Inappropri associated with a positiv Of the explanted Linox l abnormalities. The sensit predictive value for lead trigger were 87%, 99.5% Conclusions: A positive ICD-leads is highly pred is useful in ongoing surv Link to abstract on PubM Abstract The analysis of indications and early results of transvenous lead extraction in patients with a pacemaker, ICD and CRT - single-center experience 2015 Zabek A, Malecka B, Haberka K, Boczar K, Pfitzner R, Debski M, Lelakowski J. Acta Cardiol. 2015;70:685-92. Introduction: Transveno recognized method of tre stimulation complication Objectives: The objectiv the indications and prese TLE procedures in a grou systems. Patients and Methods: stimulation (at least 12 m Title Year Published Citation qualified for the research complications of TLE pr Results: Two hundred p 86.2 years) were enrolled 76.2 months (2.1-327.4) The indications for TLE endocarditis in 13 cases ( cases (14.5%), lead dama upgrade of device system traction was used to remo (23.7%). A femoral appr leads (1.4%). Two hundr extracted using the mech subclavian approach. Las electrosurgical sheath we success was achieved in success was 98.5%. Com patients): minor and maj patients) and 2.5% (5 cas index (BMI) was associa complications. Conclusions: The domin was lead dysfunction. Tr high success rate and a lo increased the complicatio Link to the abstract on P Abstract One-Year Follow-Up of Patients Undergoing Transvenous Extraction 2015 of Pacemaker and Defibrillator Leads Kempa M, Budrejko S, Piepiorka-Broniecka M, Rogowski J, Kozlowski D, Raczak G. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0144915. Introduction: The numb implantations has increas years. Therefore, compli greater number. In many the previously implanted the only solution. One m information about the eff procedure, but data conc term follow up are still li Aim: The aim of the stud year mortality in the coh Title Year Published Citation of patients undergoing tr procedures in our centre. Methods: Records of the patients undergoing t Department of Cardiolog Medical University of G collected detailed inform undergone the procedure 2012. Data were collecte records. We analyzed co and possible complicatio were gathered in the follo over-the-phone interview several cases, we consult National Health Fund. Results: During the early 5 patients died, although associated with the proce complications were obse up other 5 patients died, year survival rate of 92.7 and an infective indicatio with increased mortality. Conclusion: Results of t relatively safe procedure extending beyond the sol complications may be de observed only during the Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Cardiovascular implantable electronic device lead extraction: 2016 evidence, techniques, results, and future directions Sadek MM, Goldstein W, Epstein AE, Schaller RD. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2016;31:23-8. Purpose of Review: Car electronic devices are wi arrhythmias, prevent sud symptoms and cardiac fu growth and expanding in progressive increase in th implantable electronic de this growth, an increasin removal because of a var Title Year Published Citation lead extraction continues and risk-management str the indications, techniqu future directions of arrhy extraction. Recent Findings: Indica in light of newly publish reimplantation has been localized pocket infectio Alternative extraction tec and internal jugular vein for device removal as sta of difficult extraction via Preprocedural imaging to cardiac perforation can h Routine capsulectomy at to reduce the risk of devi are underway to assess o infections as part of a lea Summary: Improvemen of extraction and preproc to procedural efficacy an of lead extraction. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Reimplantation surgery in patients with implantable 2016 cardioverter defibrillators: A qualitative study Objective: The purpose experience of recurrent surgery for pati defibrillators (ICD). Jakub KE, Sandelowski M. Heart Lung. 2016;45:48-55. Background: Device rep every 4-7 years due to ba recurrentsurgery may be pocket infection. Methods: Ethnographic collection with 23 ICD re and 11 women, 26-85 ye using a with-in case and Title Year Published Citation Results: Three major the Anticipation regarding im themes of logistics and s regarding replacement, a Relinquishing control an perceptions related to the periods. Conclusions: The freque ICD reimplantation diffe interventions. Perception experiences and present differences. Recipients a longsurgery aided by the professionals. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Considerations for cardiac device lead extraction Wazni O, Wilkoff BL. 2016 Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016 Jan 29. [Epub ahead of print] Extraction of cardiovascu electronic device leads is been implanted for >1 ye standard stylet. The num greatly increased over th growing demand for prim in ageing populations, an revisions for complicatio safety alerts. In this Revi indications and technique consideration is given to vegetations, recalled lead in the coronary sinus. W relevant and contempora outcomes of lead extract Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Long-Term Outcomes Following Transvenous 2016 Lead Extraction Gomes S, Cranney G, Bennett M, Giles R. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2016 Jan 14. [Epub ahead of print] Background: Complicat implantable electronic de require transvenous lead term follow up of patient Title Year Published Citation mortality, recurrent devic procedures. Methods and Results: C TLE at a high volume ce characteristics, indication were extracted from 510 was 98.2% and complete with one intra-procedura 5.5+/-4.9 years (range 0. mortality was 3.3% at 30 at 1 year and 33.0% at 10 increased long term mort infection (CDI) [33% vs 0.0003], procedural com complications; χ² 4.2, P = in patients who died vs 6 and impaired renal funct umol/L in patients who d 0.001). The rate of CDI a months post extraction, r higher in patients with re 3.0% % with complete re Conclusion: Long term particularly in those with complications, advanced Retained fragments are a extraction. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Extraction of Chronically Implanted Coronary Sinus Leads 2016 Active Fixation vs. Passive Fixation Leads Background: The Medtr left ventricular (LV) lead Crossley GH, Sorrentino RA, Exner DV, Merliss provides additional supp AD, Tobias SM, Martin DO, Augostini R, Piccini the coronary sinus (CS) v JP, Schaerf R, Li S, Miller CT, Adler SW. lead has been shown to h CS, concerns regarding i Heart Rhythm. 2016 Jan 29. [Epub ahead of print] Objective: To prospectiv efficacy of extraction of Medtronic CS leadsin a p Title Year Published Citation Methods: Patients under CS leads for standard ind enrolled and studied. The were the removal succes complication rates. Patie post procedure. Results: The overall LV 97.6%(n=205). Among 4 4195 leads, there were 37 as compared to 98.8% fo However, in 2 of the thre standard extraction techn of the 4195 leads that ha months were extracted w Conclusions: In the larg lead extraction study to d for extraction of chronica and the complication rate models. The extraction o challenging, but it can be volume extraction center recommended that the St experienced operators. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Aims: To determine the risk factors of cardiac de Hospital. Characteristics of cardiac device infections in the Isala Hospital; a large volume tertiary care cardiology centre 2016 Steenmeijer R, Adiyaman A, Demirel F, Schram HC, Smit JJ, Delnoy PP, Ramdat Misier AR, Elvan A. Neth Heart J. 2016;24:199-203. Methods: We retrospect underwent cardiac device cardiac catheterization la 2010 to 2012. All patient infection were reviewed Results: 31/2026 patient infection (1.5%). One (3 of hospitalisation. Devic the catheterisation lab an (p = 0.60). Positive cultu Title Year Published Citation cases. These consisted pr that are part of the skin f between device procedur months (range 0-79). Car significantly associated w revisions in patients with revisions in patients with and placement of a left v implantations (59% of pa without device infection, Conclusion: The frequen was 1.5% with a mortalit is lower compared with o registries. Cardiac device with device revisions and leads in pacemaker impla Link to abstract on PubM Ströker E, de Asmundis C, Vanduynhoven P, De Vadder K, De Vusser P, Mullens W, Chierchia GB, Brugada P, Czapla J, La Meir M, Wellens F, Van Herendael H, Rivero-Ayerza M. Am J Cardiol. 2016;117:807-12. Long-Term Performance of the Riata/ST Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator Lead. 2016 Abstract Riata and Riata ST implantable cardioverterdefibrillator leads are prone to structural and electrical failure (EF). Our objective was to evaluate Riata/ST lead performance over a longterm follow-up. Of 184 patients having undergone Riata/ST and Riata ST Optim lead implantation from September 2003 to June 2008, 154 patients were evaluated for EF and radiographic conductor externalization (CE). Survival analysis for EF was performed for Riata/ST leads, both for failure-free lead survival and cumulative hazard. Subanalysis on 7Fr leads was performed to evaluate EF and CE rates both for different Riata ST lead management (monitoring vs proactive) and between Riata ST and Riata ST Optim leads. During a mean follow-up of 7 years, Riata/ST lead EF rate was 13% overall. Similar failure-free Title Year Published Citation survival rate was noted for 7Fr as for 8Fr leads (log-rank, p = 0.63). Of all failed leads, 64% failed only after 5 years of follow-up. Compared with the absolute failure rate of 1.84% per device year, cumulative hazard analysis for leads surviving past 5 years revealed an estimated failure rate of 7% per year. No clinical or procedural predictors for EF were found. The subanalysis on 7Fr leads showed an excellent outcome both for a proactive lead management approach as for Optim leads. In conclusion, long-term survival of the Riata/ST lead is impaired with an accelerating EF risk over time. An initial exponential trend was followed by a linear lead failure pattern for leads surviving past 5 years, corresponding to an estimated 7% annual EF rate. These findings may have repercussions on the lead management strategy in patients currently surviving with a Riata/ST lead to prevent significant clinical events like inappropriate shocks or failed device interventions. Link to abstract on PubMed Cano Ó, Andrés A, Alonso P, Osca J, SanchoTello MJ, Olagüe J, Martínez-Dolz L. Europace. 2016 Feb 3. [Epub ahead of print] Incidence and predictors of clinically relevant cardiac perforation associated with systematic implantation of active- 2016 fixation pacing and defibrillation leads: a single-centre experience with over 3800 implanted leads. Abstract Aims: Active-fixation leads have been associated with higher incidence of cardiac perforation. Large series specifically evaluating this complication are lacking. We sought to evaluate the incidence and predictors of clinically relevant cardiac perforation in a consecutive series of patients implanted with active-fixation pacing and defibrillation leads. Methods and Results: We conducted a retrospective observational study including all consecutive patients implanted with an activefixation pacing/defibrillation lead at our institution from July 2008 to July 2015. The incidence of clinically relevant cardiac perforation and cardiac Title Year Published Citation tamponade was evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify predictors of cardiac perforation. Acute and longterm management of these patients was also investigated. A total of 3822 active-fixation pacing (n = 3035) and defibrillation (n = 787) leads were implanted in 2200 patients. Seventeen patients (0.8%) had clinically relevant cardiac perforation (13 acute and 4 subacute perforations), and 13 (0.5%) had cardiac tamponade resolved with pericardiocentesis. None of the patients with cardiac perforation required surgical treatment. In multivariate analysis, an age >80 years (OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.14-12.87, P = 0.029), female sex (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.07-9.22, P = 0.037), and an apical position of the right ventricular lead (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.17-9.67, P = 0.024) were independent predictors of cardiac perforation. Conclusions: Implantation of active-fixation leads is associated with a low incidence of clinically relevant cardiac perforation. Older and female patients have a higher risk of perforation as well as those patients receiving the ventricular lead in an apical position. Link to abstract on PubMed Amraoui S, Tlili G, Sohal M, Berte B, Hindié E, Ritter P, Ploux S, Denis A, Derval N, Rinaldi CA, Cazanave C, Jais P, Haissaguerre M, Bordenave L, Bordachar P. Contribution of PET Imaging to the Diagnosis of Septic Embolism in Patients with Pacing Lead Endocarditis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:283-90. 2016 Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning in identifying septic embolism in patients with lead endocarditis. Title Year Published Citation Background: Lead endocarditis may be associated with septic embolism, in which case the administration mode, type, and duration of antibiotic therapy must be adapted. However, diagnosis can be challenging: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cannot be performed in the vast majority of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). FDG PET/CT scanning has been proposed as a diagnostic tool for suspected CIED infection. Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients with lead endocarditis were prospectively studied. FDG PET/CT scanning was performed and analyzed blindly by experienced nuclear medicine physicians to assess for the presence of septic embolism 2 days before lead extraction. Results: FDG PET/CT scanning identified septic emboli in 10 patients (29%): 7 with spondylodiscitis, 2 with septic pulmonary emboli, and 1 with an infected vascular prosthesis. Among the 7 patients with occult spondylodiscitis, 4 were asymptomatic, and 3 had back pain with negative CT imaging, MRI being contraindicated due to non MRI-compatible CIEDs. Antimicrobial therapy was adapted (double antibiotic therapy with good bone penetration) and prolonged. Among other important ancillary findings, 3 patients presented focal FDG uptake in the colon (1 adenocarcinoma, and 2 resected polyps) and 2 in the esophagus (both cases confirmed as neoplasia). Conclusions: This study emphasizes the potential utility of FDG PET/CT scanning as a diagnostic tool for septic emboli in patients with pacing lead endocarditis. This promising diagnostic tool may be integrated in the diagnostic algorithm of patients with lead endocarditis because diagnosis of septic embolisms has a direct and significant impact on the therapeutic care pathway. Title Year Published Citation Link to abstract on PubMed Europace. 2016 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print] Tjong FV, Brouwer TF, Smeding L, Kooiman KM, de Groot JR, Ligon D, Sanghera R, Schalij MJ, Wilde AA, Knops RE. Abstract Combined leadless pacemaker and subcutaneous implantable defibrillator therapy: feasibility, safety, and performance. Aims: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (S-ICD) and leadless pacemaker (LP) are evolving technologies that do not require intracardiac leads. However, interactions between these two devices are unexplored. We investigated the feasibility, safety, and performance of combined LP and S-ICD therapy, considering (i) simultaneous device-programmer communication, (ii) S-ICD rhythm discrimination during LP communication and pacing, and (iii) post-shock LP performance. 2016 Methods and Results: The study consists of two parts. Animal experiments: Two sheep were implanted with both an S-ICD and LP (Nanostim, SJM), and the objectives above were tested. Human experience: Follow-up of one S-ICD patient with bilateral subclavian occlusion who received an LP and two LP (all Nanostim, SJM) patients (without S-ICD) who received electrical cardioversion (ECV) are presented. Animal experiments : Simultaneous device-programmer communication was successful, but LPprogrammer communication telemetry was temporarily lost (2 ± 2 s) during ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction and 4/54 shocks. Leadless pacemaker communication and pacing did not interfere with S-ICD rhythm discrimination. Additionally, all VF episodes (n = 12/12), including during simultaneous LP pacing, were detected and treated by the S-ICD. Postshock LP performance was unaltered, and no postshock device resets or dislodgements were Title Year Published Citation observed (24 S-ICD and 30 external shocks). Human experience : The S-ICD/LP patient showed adequate S-ICD sensing during intrinsic rhythm, nominal, and high-output LP pacing. Two LP patients (without S-ICD) received ECV during follow-up. No impact on performance or LP dislodgements were observed. Conclusion: Combined LP and S-ICD therapy appears feasible in all animal experiments (n = 2) and in one human subject. No interference in sensing and pacing during intrinsic and paced rhythm was noted in both animal and human subjects. However, induced arrhythmia testing was not performed in the patient. Defibrillation therapy did not seem to affect LP function. More data on safety and performance are needed. Link to abstract on PubMed Abstract Background: An increas has grown in parallel wit pacing and defibrillating experience of a regional program serving Atlantic Creation of the sole regional laser lead extraction program serving Atlantic Canada: initial experience Williams KJ, O'Keefe S, Légaré JF. 2016 Can J Surg. 2016 Apr 1;59:11115. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: We retrospect consecutive patients who at the Maritime Heart Ce 2006 and 2015. We cond Meier survivorship analy Results: During the 9-ye patients underwent laser extracted). The most com was infection (84.3%). M years (73.1%) and had le explanted leads were an Procedural and clinical s symptoms) rates and mo 0.9%, respectively. Stern performed in 3 instances perforation and twice to Title Year Published Citation material was removed. N surgical intervention. Su at 30 days and 94% at 12 Conclusion: Atlantic Ca centre achieved high extr complication rate. Lead e provides for immediate s essential for the survival cases. Surgeons must we patients older than 60 ye implanted leads (> 1 yr) Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Clinically Significant Pocket Hematoma Increases Long-Term Risk of Device Infection: BRUISE CONTROL INFECTION Study 2016 Essebag V, Verma A, Healey JS, Krahn AD, Kalfon E, Coutu B, Ayala-Paredes F, Tang AS, Sapp J, Sturmer M, Keren A, Wells GA, Birnie DH; BRUISE CONTROL Investigators. Background: The BRUI Continue Coumadin for D Controlled Trial) demons continued warfarin durin device surgery was safe a clinically significant poc defined as a post-procedu surgery and/or resulting of at least 24 h, and/or re anticoagulation. Previous associated hematoma wit device infection; reasons of many studies, lack of differing subjective defin J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Mar 22;67:1300-8. Objectives: The BRUIS (Bridge or Continue Cou Randomized Controlled Infection) prospectively between CSH and subseq Methods: The study incl outcome of device-relate hospitalization, defined a pocket infection; endoca Outcomes were verified Title Year Published Citation committee. Multivariable identify predictors of inf Results: The overall 1-y was 2.4% (16 of 659). In patients (7 of 66) with pr 593) without CSH. CSH predictor and was associ of infection (hazard ratio 2.9 to 20.5; p < 0.0001). development of hematom infection risk. Conclusions: CSH is ass increased risk of infectio 1 year following cardiac surgery. Strategies aimed decrease the long-term ri Continue Coumadin for D Controlled Trial [BRUIS Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Presence of 'ghosts' and mortality after 2016 transvenous lead extraction Aims: The number of ca electronic devices has in an increased need for tra due to device infections. as a post-removal, new, t echocardiography follow Narducci ML, Di Monaco A, Pelargonio G, in the right-sided heart ch Leoncini E, Boccia S, Mollo R, Perna F, diagnosis of cardiac devi Bencardino G, Pennestrì F, Scoppettuolo G, We aimed to analyse the Rebuzzi AG, Santangeli P, Di Biase L, Natale A, assessed by transesophag Crea F. intracardiac echocardiog patients undergoing TLE Europace. 2016 Mar 29. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: W patients (70 ± 13 years; 1 systemic infection (139), lead malfunction (11). A and 48 h after TLE and I allocated to two groups: (Group 2) post-procedura Title Year Published Citation follow-up was obtained i 34 months). We identifie after TLE. The significan Charlson co-morbidity in 1.48, P = 0.03) and diagn ICE (HR = 1.82, 95% CI was higher in Group 1 th rank P < 0.001). Indepen mortality were the presen infection as the clinical p (HR = 3.47, 95% CI 1.18 95% CI 1.15-9.95, P = 0. Conclusion: The presenc independent predictor of identifying a subgroup o surveillance to promptly Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator Lead Failure and Management Swerdlow CD, Kalahasty G, Ellenbogen KA. 2016 J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67:1358-68. The implantable-cardiov the most vulnerable com Despite advanced engine manufacturing technique clinical, and clinical testi Achilles' heel of the ICD range of adverse outcom inappropriate pacing to p mortality. ICD LF is ofte design or construction de considered in the context mechanical component p environment and subject stresses. This clinical rev assessment, and differen lead diagnostics, recent p management of LF and f Despite recent advances will likely continue to ne patients with transvenous Link to abstract on PubM Title Year Published Citation Abstract Objective: In recent yea clinical situations requiri implanted cardiac device procedures are performed lead extraction system. In evaluate our lead extract Methods: We retrospect procedures carried out on patient; mean age 61.5 ± 2008 and 2015 using Evo success, major and mino according to previously p Transvenous extraction of pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads using 2016 Evolution® mechanical dilator sheath: a single center confirmatory experience Kocabaş U, Duygu H, Eren NK, Akyıldız Zİ, Özyıldırım S, Tülüce SY, Kırış T, Nazlı C. Springerplus. 2016;5:356. Results: Mean duration o ± 62.5 months (6-240). I pacemaker in 27 (65.8 % patients. Total 67 leads w 22 (32.8 %) were atrial, 3 (21.5 %) were dual coil d coronary sinus lead. Indi pacemaker decubitis and dysfunction in 11 (26.8 % thrombosis in 1 (2.4 %) p Evolution® system witho Clinical success rate was was 95.1 % and failure o complications occurred i was procedure related m were seen in 5 (12.2 %) o Conclusions: In our sing extraction of pacemaker relatively long implantat patient group may be suc Evolution® system. How complications it is advise operators in centers with Link to abstract on PubM Title Year Published Citation Abstract Background: Implantati may be a difficult proced anatomies and a possible CS lead fixation has chan years. Objectives: We compare active and passive fixatio Coronary Sinus Lead Removal: A Comparison between Active and Passive Fixation Leads 2016 Pecha S, Kennergren C, Yildirim Y, Gosau N, Aydin A, Willems S, Treede H, Reichenspurner H, Hakmi S. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0153651. Methods: Between Janu patients at our centre und and 16 passive fixation le traction or lead locking d extraction sheaths. Data success rates were collec Results: The mean patie 90.9% were male. The in infection in all cases. All Medtronic® Attain StarF Inc., Minneapolis, MN, U implantation for the activ 9.9 ± 11.7 months (range months (range 5.7-106.4 3 of 6 StarFix leads were compared to 16 of 16 (10 leads (p = 0.013). No dea during the 30-day follow Conclusion: According t Starfix active fixation CS failure rate compared to Link to abstract on PubM High recurrence of device-related adverse events following transvenous lead 2016 extraction procedure in patients with cardiac resynchronization devices Regoli F, Bongiorni MG, Rordorf R, Santamaria M, Klersy C, Segreti L, De Regibus V, Moccetti T, Conte G, Caputo ML, Auricchio A. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;May 12. [Epub ahead of print] Abstract Introduction: Little is k and recurring system-rela cardiac resynchronizatio transvenous lead extracti Title Year Published Citation Methods and Results: F 256 consecutive CRT pa 68.3 ± 11.6 years, 216 ma Association class II-IV, e were treated at four Euro Indications for TLE inclu (45%) infection, system (3%). Demographic, clin up data were collected re (AE) were considered as cardiovascular hospitaliz pocket and/or systemic in pocket haematoma requi was achieved for 607 out either manual traction (2 (28%) sheaths. Over a m (interquartile range 12-29 of any AE and SAE were Recurring system malfun (9.0%), infection in 17 p haematoma requiring rev anticoagulation therapy w both any AE [hazard rati interval (CI) 1.35-3.22, P 95% CI 1.21-4.68, P = 0. Conclusions: Even thoug treat CRT patients, a hig TLE was observed at mid evaluation of both patien implantation strategy is s a CRT patient, particular anticoagulation therapy. Extraction of a CardioFix neurostimulator with concomitant laserassisted lead and 2016 intracardiac cardiac defibrillator extraction due to Staphylococcus aureus pocket infection Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Hebsur S, Pollema T, Birgersdotter-Green U, Pretorius V. HeartRhythm Case Reports. 2016;2:208-10. Introduction: This is a c laser lead extraction of a owing to automatic impl (AICD) pocket infection Case report: A 61-yearischemic cardiomyopath Title Year Published Citation Medtronic Evera XT AIC infraclavicular fossa area enrolled in the Innervate CardioFix (BioControl M neurotransmitter implant Conclusion: Laser lead e increase in technical com population grows and the implantable intracardiac and autonomic regulation approach with electrophy required for such comple Link to abstract on Hear Abstract Aims: Magnetic resonan reported to be safe in pat electronic devices (CIED followed. The objective o whether this is also true f published protocols. Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiac implanted electronic devices: 2016 focus on contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging protocols Methods and Results: A obtained in 142 consecut patients had an implantab Horwood L, Attili A, Luba F, Ibrahim EH, Parmar (ICD) and 36 had a pace H, Stojanovska J, Gadoth-Goodman S, Fette C, adapted, pre-specified pr Oral H, Bogun F. performed in 95 patients performed in 47 patients Europace. 2016;Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print] either abandoned leads (n dependent with an impla implanted CIEDs (n = 1) battery depletion (n = 2), was recalled or on adviso complications occurred. slightly, but significantly MRI without requiring a with an ICD on advisory inexplicably during one o b.p.m. Title Year Published Citation Conclusion: Using a pre non-cardiac MRIs were p pacemaker dependency, batteries without occurre Patients with devices on carefully during MRI, es dependent. Link to abstract on PuMe Abstract Aims: Increasing need fo (MRI) has driven the dev cardiac implantable elect pacemakers and defibrill report difficulties obtaini current provision for MR CIEDs in England. Provision of magnetic resonance imaging for patients with 'MRconditional' cardiac 2016 implantable electronic devices: an unmet clinical need Sabzevari K, Oldman J, Herrey AS, Moon JC, Kydd AC, Manisty C. Europace. 2016;Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: A survey was England with MRI, to as requested included wheth to this patient group, the acquired, local safety con experienced and perceive in those departments not Results: Responses were of hospitals surveyed. Al aware of MR-conditiona currently offer MRI scan these, 85% of departmen No major complications scanning in patients with barriers to service expan regarding potential risk, difficulties, and lack of c Conclusion: Provision o currently poor, despite in with MR-conditional dev complication rates. Link to abstract on PuMe Title Year Published Citation Abstract Aims: To examine the in thromboembolism (VTE patients with implantable (ICDs). Venous thromboembolism in patients with implantable cardioverterdefibrillators 2016 Pedersen SB, Hjortshøj SP, Bøtker HE, Farkas DK, Schmidt M5, Sørensen HT, Nielsen JC. Europace. 2016;Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: A Denmark during 2000-12 databases. Incident VTE according to gender, age score (no, moderate, or s pacemaker or cardiac res implantation, and ICD ty chamber, or CRT-D). W within 3 months and 5 ye into account as a compet proportional hazards regr as estimates of incidence ICD recipients, 136 VTE years of follow-up (medi incidence rate was thus 4 confidence interval (CI): thromboembolism risk w 0.1 to 0.7%) within 3 mo regardless of comorbidity implantation it was 1.4% 1.8%), and 3.2% (95% C moderate, and severe com severe comorbidity confe rate ratio than no comorb Incidence rate ratios did type. Conclusion: Three-mon implantation was 0.3% re Five-year risk of VTE fo 1.9% and more than twic comorbidity as for patien Link to abstract on PuMe Intra- and Extrapericardial Lengths of 2005 the Superior Vena Cava Kwon TD, Kim KH, Ryu HG, Jung CW, Goo JM, Bahk JH. Click the links below for Title Year Published in Vivo: Implication for the Positioning of Central Venous Catheters Citation Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005;33:384-7. Defibrillator lead advisories stir a lot of emotions, both with patients and physicians, and this may influence lead management. We reviewed the literature for a more evidence-based approach to this issue. Managing patients with advisory defibrillator leads: what can we 2015 learn from published data? From the complications of two of the current advisory leads, the Medtronic Sprint Fidelis and St. Jude Riata leads, and the consequences of possible interventions, we can conclude that a restrained approach to premature replacement is appropriate. It may be opportune to replace the leads during a scheduled generator replacement in case of a higher electrical failure rate, in order to prevent future premature interventions. We found no support to extract non-functional advisory leads. In contrast, extraction is often more demanding than anticipated, and the risk substantially exceeds that of simply abandoning the leads. Abstract Outcomes 1 Year After Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator Lead Abandonment Versus Explantation for 2016 Unused or Malfunctioning Leads: A Report from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Introduction: Riata and cardioverter-defibrillator Sylmar, CA, USA) can d externalization and/or ele management of these lea Zeitler EP, Wang Y, Dharmarajan K, Anstrom KJ, Peterson ED, Daubert JP, Curtis JP, Al-Khatib Methods and Results: A SM. Circ Arrhythm management strategies: ( Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003953. for electrical failure, (2) screening and routine de implantation of new ICD lead, and (4) implantatio extraction of the in situ l old primary prevention I demonstrated average lif capping with new lead im Title Year Published Citation extraction with new lead fluoroscopy with routine and routine interrogation sensitivity analyses ident strategy with only one pa value: when risk of nona lead abandonment is grea extraction is preferred ov Monte Carlo simulation sensitivity analysis, foun with 100% certainty (ext Conclusions: Overall the survival with monitoring approaches. There is no e screening for externaliza Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: A dilemm conservative managemen extraction when patients lead undergo generator r suggest that the fracture change. Impact of generator replacement on the risk 2016 of Fidelis lead fracture Objective: The purpose the effect of generator re Krahn AD, Bashir J, Birnie DH, Brown J, Spencer performance. JH, Leander C, Estes NA. Heart Rhythm. 2016;13:1618-23. Methods: The Carelink 21,500 Fidelis leads (mo centers. The survival rate after the first generator re that for a control group w duration, patient age, pat the Kaplan-Meier metho point was adjusted to ma lead in the replacement g of similarly aged leads. Results: Of the 2,988 im there was no statistical d Title Year Published Citation fractures between cases a 227; no replacement, n = Lead survival analysis de performance since the fir differ from that of the ma Conclusion: The Fidelis replacement does not dif that have not had replace replacement with no man lead model, patient age a fraction, comorbidities, e expertise, and patient pre determine the best course Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: This is a c for cardiac resynchroniza D) therapy enabled by quadripolar (QUAD) ventricular (LV) leads. H (HF) hospitalization (HF 30-day readmissions afte Less with More: Hospitalization Cost and Event Rates with 2016 Quadripolar versus Bipolar CRT-D System Corbisiero R, Kazemian P, Bharmi R, Shah R, Muller D. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;39:1038-45. Methods: Patients with d part of a CRT-D system August 2013 with ≥1-yea Medical history, dates, a collected thereafter. Patie lead model: QUAD or B (UB-04) for each HFH a Classification of Disease Modification) diagnoses/ classify hospitalizations concurrent U.S. nationalreimbursement. Rates, as readmissions were then c bootstrapping. Results: Baseline charac 56 BIP) were similar. Th group (0.20/patient-year) Title Year Published Citation (0.31/patient-year, incide 0.036). The overall HFH outpatient setting for QU lower than the BIP group P = 0.055). Average cost ($4,428/patient-year) wa year), a 39.8% cost reduc readmission rate was also BIP (19% vs 28%, IRR = Conclusion: This U.S. e demonstrated that QUAD inpatient HFH rates and compared to BIP system Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Objectives: The study s previously abandoned lea of cardiac device infectio extraction and subsequen Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections: Added Complexity and 2017 Suboptimal Outcomes With Previously Abandoned Leads Background: The popu implantable electronic de disproportionate increase invariably life threatenin Hussein AA, Tarakji KG, Martin DO, Gadre A, issue is the widely practi Fraser T, Kim A, Brunner MP, Barakat AF, Saliba abandonment at the time WI, Kanj M, Baranowski B, Cantillon D, upgrade, which is affecti Niebauer M, Callahan T, Dresing T, Lindsay BD, patients. Gordon S, Wilkoff BL, Wazni OM. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;3:1-9. Methods: The study ass abandoned leads in a pro consecutive patients und of infected cardiac devic between August 1996 an clinical endpoint was com success defined as the su and all lead material from absence of a major comp Results: Of 1,386 patien 323 (23.3%) had previou Title Year Published Citation achieve the primary endp patients with abandoned 0.0001). This was primar material (11.5% vs. 2.9% associated with poor clin rates of 1-month mortalit without lead remnants). L patients with previously 0.0001), with longer fluo more likely to require sp vs. 81.8%; p < 0.0001) o workstations (14.9% vs. complications occurred m previously abandoned lea which was true for both m and minor complications Conclusions: Previously management of cardiac d worse clinical outcomes. Link to article on JACC: Abstract Lead Extraction for Treatment of Cardiac Device Infection: A 20- 2016 Year Single Centre Experience Background: Infection i complications of cardiac We report microbiology, and infection recurrence with cardiac device infec transvenous lead extracti a 20-year period. Gomes S, Cranney G, Bennett M, Giles R. Heart Methods: We identified Lung Circ. 2016;Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print] undergoing TLE for CDI a single high volume cen patient characteristics, m and infection recurrence Results: Between May 1 underwent extraction due systemic infection. Seven extracted from these pati 5.5+/-4.9 years. Staphylo 81% of CDI. A differenc Title Year Published Citation for device revision comp [median 10 months vs 24 antibiotics therapy depen days post TLE for system localised infection, P < 0 mortality in the 37 (11.2% replacement device comp 29%, P=0.9). Retained le CDI recurrence (20.8% r vs 4.3% in complete rem Conclusion: Cardiac dev treated with a combinatio therapy. Device therapy patients. Retained lead fr recurrent CDI following Link to abstract on PubM Abstract A Novel VideoAssisted Approach to Excimer Laser-Guided 2016 Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices Lead Extraction Zardo P, Busk H, Hadem J, Baraki H, Kensah G, Kutschka I. Innovations (Phila). 2016;11:210-3. Objective: Even though cardiac implantable elect removed through conven large vegetations or throm failed extraction, or long impede classical transven laser-assisted procedures alternative and have a low with major adverse even Unfortunately, most enco potentially fatal, which p approach that adds additi for real-time intrathoraci Methods: Five consecut patients received concom right-sided uniportal vide real-time intrathoracic vi Results: Complete extra without observing major table extubation was feas Title Year Published Citation associated or incision-rel encountered. Conclusions: Concomita video-assisted thoracosco benefits in high-risk pati the actual safety and clin warranted. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Leadless Cardiac Devices-Pacemakers and Implantable CardioverterDefibrillators 2016 Rutzen-Lopez H, Silva J, Helm RH. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2016;18:49. Opinion Statement: Sin pacemakers and defibrill microcircuit and battery longevity demands and e transvenous leads. Over pacemaker and defibrilla clinical arena. Despite th leadless pacing systems, broad implementation of in a cautious and delibera risks remains high. Two Nanostim(TM) (St. Jude Transcatheter Pacing Sys shown the greatest applic currently only limited to procedural risks are mod (EBR Systems, Inc.) is a small subset of patients. cardioverter-defibrillator ICD (S-ICD, Cameron H demonstrated encouragin data supporting its use. S modifications to the imp patients, and programmin procedural-related comp shocks. The S-ICD is a p premature to conclude th ICDs. At this current tim patients, such as those w access limitations, and w lead failure. Title Year Published Citation Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Management of bacteremia in patients living with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices 2016 DeSimone DC, Sohail MR. Heart Rhythm. 2016 Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print] Cardiovascular implanta have become a critical co in management of patien disturbances, heart failur cardiac death. However, complication of CIED im significant morbidity and Early-onset CIED infecti generator pocket, second contamination at the time progress to involve devic However, hematogenous a remote source of bacter in patients with late-onse CIED pocket infection ca cases based on physical f site, device lead infection and positive blood cultur with a CIED and positive CIED lead infection. Consequently, managem recipient without local si significant challenge. Th infection in patients pres on several factors, includ isolated in blood cultures of bacteremia, type of CI related procedures. Thes when making decisions r diagnostic imaging and w device. In this article, we regarding risk of CIED in with bacteremia and prop evaluation and managem Link to abstract on PubM The utility of a CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting the 2016 presence of significant stenosis and occlusion Abstract Boczar K, Ząbek A, Dębski M, Haberka K, Rydlewska A, Lelakowski J, Małecka B. Int J Background: Currently, Cardiol. 2016;218:164-9. CHA2DS2-VASc score h Title Year Published of veins with indwelling endocardial leads Citation of venous stenosis and oc the implantation of a card (CIED). Methods: The material c consecutive patients qual extraction, generator cha upgrades in whom we as VASc score in the predic VASc score was calculat clinical data. The whole two groups, based on the (group II) of VSO. Using characteristic (ROC) cur off point for the CHA2D prediction of the absence Results: The venography consecutive patients aged 95.3), 77 females (34.5% detected in 79 (35.4%) p female (40%) patients-gr point for the CHA2DS2prediction of the absence Conclusion: In the whol VSO amounted to 35.4% VASc score was a destim was characterized by mo specificity (42.4%) in pre most significant factor, w development was diabete Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Comparative study of the failure rates among 2016 3 implantable defibrillator leads Background: After the i Linox S/SD high-voltage van Malderen SC, Szili-Torok T, Yap SC, Hoeks failure have been observ SE, Zijlstra F, Theuns DA. Heart Rhythm. 2016;Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print] Objective: The purpose performance of the Linox other contemporary leads Title Year Published Citation Methods: We used the p registry to identify all im Durata (St. Jude Medical Endotak Reliance (Bosto and 0158) (n = 343) lead low- or high-voltage imp or defibrillate, or the pre not due to external interf Results: During a media Linox (5.9%), 5 Endotak leads failed. At 5-year fo rate of Linox leads (6.4% Endotak (0.4%; P < .000 leads. The incidence rate per 100 patient-years) th (0.2 and 0.3 per 100 pati A log-log analysis of the leads functioning at 3-ye failure rate of 3% per yea consisted of noise (62.5% (33.3%). Conclusion: This study of Linox S/SD high-volta contemporary leads. Alth failure is unclear, the ma electrical parameters. Co Linox S/SD high-voltage monitoring to facilitate e Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Prevalence and predictor factors of severe venous obstruction after cardiovascular electronic device implantation 2016 Aims: Despite not being exists about predisposing patients with implantable Santini M, Di Fusco SA, Santini A, Magris assess the prevalence of B, Pignalberi C, Aquilani S, Colivicchi F, Gargaro patients with intravenous A, Ricci RP. Europace. 2016 Aug;18:1220-6. factors. Methods and Results: A venography to detect ven the inserted lead. Vessel Title Year Published Citation occlusion (complete flow (narrowing >90%), or mi (narrowing 50-90%). Sev prevalence was 11.4% (n asymptomatic. Collateral of patients with severe ob patients (6.5%) had 3 lea secondary prevention of indication for implantabl with 3 leads were signifi severe obstruction/occlus obstruction/occlusion gro P = 0.03). Logistic analy thromboembolic risk fac prevention of sudden car implantable devices [odd confidence interval (CI): presence of 3 leads (OR, 0.008) were predictors of Conclusion: In patients venous obstruction preva lack of symptoms does n three leads and sudden ca implantable devices seem presence of severe venou Link to abstract in PubM Abstract Classification and Surgical Repair of Injuries Sustained During Transvenous Lead Extraction 2016 Background: Injuries to during pacemaker and de serious complications tha incidence of these injurie underestimated. No syste Bashir J, Fedoruk LM, Ofiesh J, Karim SS, Tyers these injuries or their ma GF. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003741. Methods and Results: W administrative database f that sustained a cardiac o British Columbia. Injurie presentation and compar injury, type of repair, uti bypass, and outcome. Of Title Year Published Citation over 19 years, 33 sustain of injuriesoccurred in wo age of oldest lead extract type 1 presentation, defin found in 12/33 patients ( defined as progressive hy treatment, was found in 2 the patients had a modera cardiopulmonary bypass extensive injury. Despite devastating injuries, the i aggressive salvage measu 87.9% of patients at 30 d Conclusions: The imme cardiovascular surgeon, p cardiopulmonary bypass lifesaving repair of injuri laser lead extraction. The correlates closely with th need for cardiopulmonar Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Laser lead extraction allows for safe and effective removal of single- and dual-coil implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads: A single-centre experience over 12 years Objectives: Lead extract old leads of an implantab (ICD) is challenging. As side of the shock coils, w procedural complication procedures in single- and 2016 Pecha S, Yildirim Y, Gosau N, Aydin MA, Willems S, Treede H, Reichenspurner H, Hakmi S. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2016;Sep 13. [Epub ahead of print] Methods: Between Janu single- and 145 dual-coil 171 patients using laser s rates and complications w retrospectively analysed. Results: The mean patie mean time from initial le 50.3 ± 18.4 and 45.8 ± 1 dual-coil group, respectiv group, complete procedu 37 (97.3%) cases, and cli Title Year Published Citation (100.0%). In the dual-co success was seen in 131 clinical success in 132 of transvenous extraction fa overall complication rate group and 3.7% in the du 1.0). No deaths occurred The mean laser treatmen single-coil group and 2.5 = 0.002). Conclusions: Laser lead effective removal of ICD coil leads, the extraction with longer laser treatme significant differences in success rates. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Superior v rare but potentially fatal removal. Objective: The aim of th feasibility of hemodynam occlusion balloon during Percutaneous occlusion balloon as a bridge to surgery in a swine 2016 model of superior vena cava perforation Methods: A surgically in Clancy JF, Carrillo RG, Sotak R, Ram R, Ryu created in Yorkshire cros RK, Kennergren C. were used to develop and Heart Rhythm. 2016;Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print] Four animals were used t behavioral, and neurolog SVC tear and repair. An Occlusion Balloon, Spec Springs, CO) was percut femoral vein to the locati Once hemodynamic cont was surgically repaired. Results: After SVC perf rate of blood loss was 7.0 SVC tear to occlusion ba Title Year Published Citation seconds, during which m from 56 ± 2 to 25 ± 3 mm from 76 ± 7 to 62 ± 7 bea the occlusion balloon, th 90%, to 0.7 ± 0.2 mL/s. T occlusion of the SVC wa hemodynamic measures this time. Study animals complications, demonstr exhibited normal neurolo postoperative assessmen Conclusion: Endovascul may be a feasible option hemodynamic control, an after SVC injury. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Predictors of intraoperative electrosurgery-induced implantable 2016 cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) detection Background: In the USA implantable cardioverter dramatically. Many ICD surgical procedure at som implantation. Most surge electrocautery. Currently induced electromagnetic are poorly understood. T EI-EMI using prospectiv Friedman H, Higgins JV, Ryan JD, Konecny T, Asirvatham SJ, Cha YM. Methods: We analyzed p J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2016 Sep 24. [Epub from patients undergoing ahead of print] Clinic between 2011 and device history, device int and surgical information ICDs were programmed off. The patients were th those with EI-EMI inapp those without detection. reviewed. Clinical and de to identify predictors of E Results: Of 103 patients induce EI-EMI (0/11 cas Title Year Published Citation resulted in noise detectio inappropriate episodes of chest, neck, and upper ex across the ICD lead tip; 1 none had back or low ex near-field electrogram am the far-field amplitude va Conclusions: EI-EMI do cautery or monopolar cau the dispersive ground pa extremities. In contrast to larger on near-field than Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Pacing Without Wires: Leadless Cardiac 2016 Pacing Bernard ML. Ochsner J. 2016;16:238-42. Background: Worldwid are implanted annually w in the United States. Sinc pacemaker implantations technologic advances hav However, the combinatio generators and transveno constant for more than 50 offer an alternative to tra eliminating the need for while providing therapy bradyarrhythmias. Methods: We discuss th (LCPs), the Nanostim Le Transcatheter Pacing Sys powered device, the WiC humans. Currently LCPs pacing, specifically, vent pacing and multichambe have yet to be studied. Results: LCPs represent bradycardia therapy sinc implantation more than 5 Title Year Published Citation Conclusion: Initial studi Micra LCPs show favora compared to transvenous and Drug Administration transform our ability to p bradyarrhythmias. Future completely leadless singl pacing, ushering in an er Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Background: Conventio by short- and long-term c device infection. Transca be beneficial in this kind need for a device pocket the risk of re-infection. Methods: We assessed a with severe device infect dependent. After lead ex was implanted into the ri Leadless Cardiac Pacemaker Implantation After Lead Extraction in Patients With Severe Device Infection 2016 Kypta A, Blessberger H, Kammler J, Lambert T, Lichtenauer M, Brandstaetter W, Gabriel M, Steinwender C. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2016;27:1067-71. Results: Of the 6 patient due to severe device infe diagnosed with a pocket 3 showed symptoms of b Successful lead extractio accomplished in all patie with a temporary pacema after lead extraction, whe implanted during the sam traditional pacemaker sy free of infection during t An additional positron em performed in each patien infection around the TPS Conclusion: Transcather safe and feasible in 6 pat infection even if implant pacemaker system within implantation of a TPS m Title Year Published Citation severe device infection, e venous access or who are Link to abstract on PubM Clinical Outcomes of Patients Who Received the Subcutaneous 2016 Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Right ventricular lead placement and ventricular dyssynchrony in a pacemaker population: 2016 An acute analysis from the evaluation of apical and non-apical position (right pace) study Estes NA 3rd. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;Sep 7. [Epub ahead of print] Link to abstract on JAMA Cardiology. Muto C, Calvi V, Botto GL, Pecora D, Zuccaro LM, Costa A, Ciaramitaro G, Airò Farulla R, Nigro G, Tuccillo B, Racheli M, Lilli A, Reggiani A, Malacrida M, Valsecchi S, Maglia G. Int J Cardiol. 2016;225:296-9. Link to abstract on International Journal Cardiology. Abstract A novel use of EP catheter in extraction of trapped intracardiac 2015 devices: Two case reports Kumar D, Banerjee S, Naik J, Gupta K, Roy RR, Kumar A. Indian Heart J. 2015;67:Suppl 3:S92-6. The decision to retrieve c leads and trapped intraca been difficult and highly case reports in which ele catheter was used to retri pacemaker lead and trapp right ventricle. We could surgeries in both the pati traditionally used techniq devices. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Safety of CMR in patients with cardiac implanted electronic devices Ibrahim E-SH, Horwood L, Stojanovska J, Attili A, Frank L, Oral H, Bogun F. 2016 J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(Suppl 1):O123. Background: CMR has patients with cardiac imp (CIED), provided a speci of this study is to examin excluded from published with abandoned leads or Title Year Published Citation Methods: The protocol f imaging of CIED patient absence of an alternative related relative contraind of abandoned leads, pace lead implant < 6 weeks, w ordering physician to ove provider with CIED man baseline device informat programmed according t tachyarrhythmia detectio scan. 4) Device reinterro completion of the scan, a after imaging. Results: A total of 162 M consecutive patients with defibrillators and 36 had Figure 1). 29 patients we patients had abandoned l performed in 94 patients (LGE) was used to determ ablation) and spinal/brain patients. In the cardiac sc diagnostic only in 4 patie the implanted cardiac de LGE was detected witho identified in 25 scans. On ventricular tachycardia (V removed from the scanne terminated VT without c events were noted. The d remained the same imme after the scans. Conclusions: In the anal in one pacemaker depend dropped from 90 to 50 bp fast spin echo sequence ( 1.89 W/Kg) due to eleva patient, a prior cardiac sc where no problem was o sequences have low SAR the protocol described in Title Year Published Is dual-chamber pacemaker implantation feasible through a 2016 cephalic vein with a supraclavicular course? Citation Dilaveris P, Sotiropoulos E, Georgiopoulos G, Gatzoulis K, Kallikazaros I, Tousoulis D. Int J Cardiol. 2016;212:297-8. safely performed in CIED patients to risk, despite p of abandoned leads, and This study recommends more CIED patients who Abstract Cephalic vein cutdown is for venous access during device (CIED) implantat complications. However, vein are possible, such as course. Supraclavicular c significantly affects both CIED procedures. In old leads were used, there w the cephalic vein with a s the risk of lead fracture o Link to abstract on Intern Abstract Background: Lead-relat can complicate cardiovas device (CIED) infection prosthetic valves. The ob determine the outcomes CIED infection in patien Outcomes of Transvenous Lead Extraction for Cardiovascular 2016 Implantable Electronic Device Infections in Patients With Prosthetic Heart Valves Huang XM, Fu HX, Zhong L, Cao J, Asirvatham SJ, Baddour LM, Sohail MR, Nkomo VT, Nishimura RA, Greason KL, Suri RM, Friedman PA, Cha YM. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e004188. Methods and Results: W transvenous lead extracti September 1, 2001 and A to identify patients with p lead extraction for infect follow-up characteristics patients (6%) met the stu had pocket infection and related, or both, endocard (mean age, 67 [18] years the most common pathog aureus in 20 cases (39%) staphylococci in 19 cases leads (median lead age, 5 these leads, 123 (97%) w Title Year Published Citation hospital mortality rate w attributable to the extract percent of patients who s recurrent device-related o Conclusions: Transveno curative in patients with valves. Cure of infection of patients with complete antimicrobial therapy and Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Objectives: The study so previously abandoned lea of cardiac device infectio extraction and subsequen Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections: Added Complexity and 2017 Suboptimal Outcomes With Previously Abandoned Leads Background: The popul implantable electronic de disproportionate increase invariably life threatenin issue is the widely practi abandonment at the time Hussein AA, Tarakji KG, Martin DO, Gadre A, upgrade, which is affecti Fraser T, Kim A, Brunner MP, Barakat AF, Saliba patients. WI, Kanj M, Baranowski B, Cantillon D, Niebauer M, Callahan T, Dresing T, Lindsay BD, Methods: The study asse Gordon S, Wilkoff BL, Wazni OM. abandoned leads in a pro consecutive patients und JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;3:1-9 of infected cardiac devic between August 1996 an clinical endpoint was com success defined as the su and all lead material from absence of a major comp Results: Of 1,386 patien 323 (23.3%) had previou achieve the primary endp patients with abandoned 0.0001). This was primar material (11.5% vs. 2.9% Title Year Published Citation associated with poor clin rates of 1-month mortalit without lead remnants). L patients with previously 0.0001), with longer fluo more likely to require sp vs. 81.8%; p < 0.0001) o workstations (14.9% vs. complications occurred m previously abandoned lea which was true for both m and minor complications Conclusions: Previously management of cardiac d worse clinical outcomes. Link to article on JACC: Abstract Background: Patients w implantable cardioverter have the lead either aban limited data on the comp safety of these 2 approac Outcomes 1 Year after Implantable CardioverterDefibrillator Lead Abandonment versus Explantation for 2016 Unused or Malfunctioning Leads: A Report from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Methods and Results: W among 24 908 subject en 1:1 matching for ICD lea Zeitler EP, Wang Y, Dharmarajan K, Anstrom KJ, in the National Cardiova Peterson ED, Daubert JP, Curtis JP, Al-Khatib ICD Registry (April 201 SM. patients undergoing lead undergoing lead explanta Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003953. procedure-related compl 3.77% (n=469; P<0.001) undergoing lead explanta in-hospital death: 0.21% P<0.001), respectively. A survival, there was a tren explantation group (11% Medicare subset analyze complications, there was month bleeding (4.80% i (0.38% versus 0.58%), in Title Year Published Citation upper extremity thrombo pulmonary embolism (0. surgery (1.15% for both Conclusions: After matc removal of an unused or slightly higher in-hospita those with a lead abando year mortality risk was s explantation group, this d significant and may be ex Outcomes-1-Year Abstract Background: Leadless c as a safe and effective al transvenous single-cham Herein, we report a mult feasibility and safety of a chronic retrieval (>6 wee pacemaker in humans. Retrieval of the Leadless Cardiac 2016 Pacemaker: A Multicenter Experience Reddy VY, Miller MA, Knops RE, Neuzil P, Defaye P, Jung W, Doshi R, Castellani M, Strickberger A, Mead RH, Doppalapudi H, Lakkireddy D, Bennett M, Sperzel J. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e004626. Methods and Results: T enrolled in 3 multicenter cardiac pacemaker impla underwent a device remo pacemaker retrieval succ whose leadless cardiac p <6 weeks (acute retrieva achieved in 100% (n=5/5 weeks (chronic retrieval 91% (n=10/11) of patien from implant to retrieval 1188 days) in the chronic thirds (n=7; 63%) had be before the retrieval attem related adverse events at Conclusions: This multi the feasibility and safety implanted single-chambe leadless pacemaker. Title Year Published Citation Link to abstract on Circu Electrophysiology Abstract Endovascular Occlusion of the Superior Vena Cava in 2016 a Patient with Stenosis and Chronic Intracardiac Leads Boyle TA, Healy CA, Irizarry F, Carrillo RG. J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Mgmt. 2016;7:2473-5. The aim was to increase extraction with pre-empt endovascular occlusion b (SVC). A patient with le lead extraction with ches revealed central venous s around an old device. A (Spectranetics, Colorado the superior vena cava pr occluded the SVC despit stenosis. The malfunctio replaced. Endovascular o numerous intravascular o inform protocols for the extractions. Endovascular-Occlusion Abstract Background: The Riata unique clinical scenario w in externalization of cond of electrical failure. We d registry to assist with clin Canadian Registry of Implantable Electronic Device Outcomes: 2016 Surveillance of the Riata Lead Under Advisory Parkash R, Thibault B, Mangat I, Coutu B, Bennett M, Healey J, Verma A, Philippon F, Sandhu R, Cameron D, Ayala-Paredes F, Sterns L, Essebag V, Kus T, Nery P, Stephenson E, Yee R, Exner D, Toal S, Birnie D, Wells G, Krahn A. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e004282. Methods and Results: T findings of 3763 (74.2% Riata leads under adviso 8.9±1.5 years. The overa at 8 years, with no differ French lead models. Cab be more common in the 8 5.2%, P<0.0001) and wa electrical failure. Predict included cable externaliz ejection fraction, younge and a passive fixation lea electrical failure, a furthe where the device failed t Title Year Published Citation Major complications bec higher when compared w difference among lead m occurred as a consequenc context of an underlying Conculsions: The Riata electrical failure rate ove predictors of lead failure decisions as to whether l prophylactically. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Contemporary Rates and Outcomes of Single- vs. Dual-Coil Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Lead Implantation: Data from the Israeli ICD Registry 2016 Leshem E, Suleiman M, Laish-Farkash A, Konstantino Y, Glikson M, Barsheshet A, Goldenberg I, Michowitz Y; Israeli Working Group of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Europace. 2016 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print] Aims: Dual-coil leads w standard of care due to lo (DFT). Higher complicat parallel progression in im defibrillator (ICD) techn coil necessity. Prior subs outcome difference betw although using higher rat practiced. We evaluated implantation rates of sing determined the associate using a contemporary na Methods and Results: B 2015, 6343 consecutive I 2345) implantation patie the Israeli ICD Registry. 2285 patients was availa primary endpoint was all leads were implanted in 3 ICD recipients, and 26% Secondary prevention ind increased rate of dual-co decline in dual-coil leads coils was observed, desp (11.6%) during implanta to 2%. In the multivariat single-coil lead implanta increased risk of mortalit Title Year Published Citation 0.33], heart failure hospi appropriate (HR = 1.25; therapy (HR = 2.07; P= 0 Conclusion: Real-life ra implantation are rising w These results of single-co obtained, despite low and testing. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Management of Bacteremia in Patients Living with 2016 Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices DeSimone DC, Sohail MR. Heart Rhythm. 2016;13:2247-52. Cardiovascular implanta have become a critical co patients with cardiac rhy and prevention of sudden infection remains a majo implantation and is assoc and mortality for device infections frequently orig secondary to device or po of implantation, and may or cardiac valves. Howev device leads from a remo infrequent in patients wit Whereas CIED pocket in majority of cases based o generator site, device lea with fever and positive b every patient with a CIED underlying CIED lead in management of bacterem local signs of infection p The risk of underlying C presenting with bacterem including the type of mic cultures, duration and so and number of device-re factors must be considere regarding the need for fu whether to retain or remo review the published dat infection in patients pres Title Year Published Citation propose an algorithm for management. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Current Management of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device 2016 Infections by Infectious Disease Specialists Liang SY, Beekmann SE, Polgreen PM, Warren DK. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:1072-5. Management guidelines device infections exist, b disease (ID) specialists a while many ID specialist guidelines, a combinatio prolonged antimicrobial Staphylococcus aureus is Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Coronary Sinus Lead Extraction Cronin EM, Wilkoff BL. 2017 Severe Tricuspid Valve Injury During Right 2016 Ventricular Lead Extraction Heart Fail Clin. 2017;13:105-115. Expanded indications for therapy and the increasin implantable electronic de increased need for coron The CS presents unique a successful lead extraction requirements for CS lead for other leads. Here we and results of CS lead ex and complications are sim leads, although multiple implantation options may incorporated into pre-pro Link to abstract on PubM Case Report A 67-year-old male (heig history of anterior myoca cardiomyopathy (estimat Hai T, Lerner AB, Khamooshian A. presented for implantable lead extraction and singl J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016 Aug 20. [Epub At the time of presentatio ahead of print] chamber Medtronic Virtu Ireland), which was impl ventricular tachycardia. T because the existing righ Title Year Published Citation (Medtronic) had been pla Administration advisory nearing elective replacem transthoracic echocardio ventricular (LV) systolic septum and severe hypok and all distal LV segmen was demonstrated on tran RV free wall displayed m hypokinesis. The valvula normal. The patient was extraction under general bypass as standby. Link to article on Scienc Abstract Background: Transveno tricuspid valve damage. Objectives: To assess th clinical outcome of tricu lead extraction. Tricuspid Regurgitation following Lead Extraction: Risk 2016 Factors and Clinical Course Methods: We prospectiv who underwent lead extr Center prior to laser use Givon A, Vedernikova N, Luria D, Vatury O, Echocardiography result Kuperstein R, Feinberg MS, Eldar M, Glikson M, procedure were used to c Nof E. an echocardiographic inc Various clinical and echo Isr Med Assoc J. 2016;18:18-22. analyzed as risk factors f echocardiographic follow clinical significance outc Results: Of 152 patients without laser before 2012 echocardiography results following the procedure. discovered in 13 patients and younger age at extra analysis to be factors for = 0.03 respectively). Ave 21.34 months (range 8-9 Title Year Published Citation differences in the inciden (50% vs. 23%, P = 0.192 failure exacerbations (37 patient required tricuspid Death rates were similar (20% vs. 33%). Conclusions: TR follow uncommon but does not outcomes such as need fo effects remain to be dete Severe Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Requiring Surgical Intervention as a Result 2014 of Pacemaker Lead Extraction: A Case Series Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Tricuspid regurgitation ( implantable cardioverter well-known condition. A they tend to stimulate an to fibrosis and adhesions metallic component of th Patel B, Daraghmeh A, Machado C. of lead implantations, lea rising. The extraction of J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Manage. 2014;5:1525-9. for the operators because after pacemaker lead ext intervention is an uncom cases of severe TR after requiring tricuspid valve Link to article on the Jou Rhythm Management Abstract The Impact of Transvenous Lead 2014 Extraction on Tricuspid Valve Function Coffey JO, Sager SJ, Gangireddy S, Levine A, Viles-Gonzalez JF, Fischer A. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:19-24. Background: Few data e transvenous lead extracti function. The objective o effect of TLE on the dev tricuspid regurgitation (T Objective: To assess the valve function. Methods: A single cente consecutive patients refe Title Year Published Citation and November 2011. Pat underwent transthoracic and after lead extraction a preprocedure and postp continuous scale from 0 mild, 3 = mild/moderate, moderate/severe, and 6 = increase in TR was defin score of at least two poin score ≥4 (moderate). Results: A total of 124 p underwent a TTE both be lead extraction (4 ± 8 mo 0.8 per patient) were extr score after lead extractio interval [CI] -0.03 to 0.3 significant increase in TR 2.3-11.3%]) patients. Ag 0.02]), removal of ≥2 lea and powered sheath-assis 0.62, P = 0.02]) were sig increase in TR score. Conclusion: TLE is rare development of clinically patient age ≥75 years, pa removal of ≥2 leads pred Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Tricuspid Insufficiency after Laser Lead 2013 Extraction Rodriguez Y, Mesa J, Arguelles E, Carrillo RG. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013;36:939-44. Background: The use of remove pacemaker and i leads has become more p Though the procedure is complications, LLE still Some reports have sugge insufficiency (TI) associa series of patients who un evaluation for TI with ec Methods: From August prospective, consecutive Title Year Published Citation single center. All patient echocardiograms (TEE) patients had tricuspid val before the procedure wit (TTE), during the proced postoperatively with a TT Results: All 173 patients tricuspid valve function d Of the 53 patients who u evaluation, 38 were male with a mean age of 69.45 was 35.82 ± 14.72. Three after the procedure (two tricuspid valve endocard found to have TI before L function during or after t patients did not experien tricuspid valve performa Conclusion: LLE was no Tricuspid Valve Repair for Torrential Tricuspid Regurgitation after 2011 Permanent Pacemaker Lead Extraction Mehrotra D, Kejriwal NK. Tex Heart Inst J. 2011;38:305-7. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Tricuspid regurgitation s extraction is uncommon, intervention. Most tricus the implantation of tined the tricuspid valve appar withdrawal. Severe tricu extracting chronically im reported. Herein, we repo regurgitation in a 67-yea of a permanent pacemak confirmed on transesoph lead extraction, and the t repaired with suture bicu support of ring annulopla relevant literature follow Link to abstract on PubM Title Year Published Prevalence of tricuspid regurgitation and pericardial effusions 2010 following pacemaker and defibrillator lead extraction Citation Glover BM, Watkins S, Mariani JA, Yap S, Asta J, Cusimano RJ, Ralph-Edwards AC, Cameron DA. Int J Cardiol. 2010;145:593-4. Abstract Objectives: This study s risk factors, and outcome regurgitation (TTR) indu chronically implanted tra Background: Although has been shown to be hig not been systematically e Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Traumatic Tricuspid Regurgitation After 2009 Percutaneous Ventricular Lead Removal Franceschi F, Thuny F, Giorgi R, Sanaa I, Peyrouse E, Assouan X, Prévôt S, Bastard E, Habib G, Deharo JC. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:2168-74. Methods: All patients un removal at our center we performed by simple trac technique. Presence of a assessed by transthoracic clinical and technical par association with TTR. Pa outpatient visits. Results: We removed 23 patients. Median time fro months (range 0.7 to 260 19 patients (9.1%), sever factors of TTR were foun 0.004), use of both laser female sex (p = 0.02). Af months (median 17.9 mo medically treated for new symptoms, 2 had underg tricuspid valve, and 6 ha from noncardiac causes). occurred only in patients Conclusions: This study uncommon after percutan associated with the use o Title Year Published Citation traction and also with fem sided heart failure is freq Transesophageal Echocardiographic Evaluation of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation During Pacemaker and 2002 Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Lead Extraction Partial Rupture of the Tricuspid Valve after Extraction of Permanent Pacemaker Leads: Detection by Transesophageal Echocardiography 1999 Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Chronically implanted ve (ICD) leads can adhere to examined the effect of le extraction in particular, o Lead extraction was first force followed by a laser Tricuspid valve regurgita was evaluated with trans graded from 0 (none) to regurgitation was consid increased with two grade grade 3 regurgitation. Fif extracted in 43 consecuti Roeffel S, Bracke F, Meijer A, Van Gelder B, Van leads. In 20 patients (gro Dantzig JM, Botman CJ, Peels K. a (laser) sheath crossing (group II) leads were ext Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2002;25:1583-6. valve. The mean time fro and 99 +/- 78 months, re regurgitation increased in only in one patient the la and forceful traction was II this occurred in four (1 not reach statistical signi patient from group I (P = regurgitation cautions ag superfluous leads. There laser sheath are necessar damage increases. Assayag P, Thuaire C, Benamer H, Sebbah J, Leport C, Brochet E. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:971-4. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Traumatic lesions of the pacemaker lead extractio two cases of partial ruptu following apparently une ventricular leads, resultin one case, chronic heart fa the traumatic mechanism and the extent of valvula Title Year Published Citation etiology should be suspe patients developing TR o extraction. Link to abstract on PubM Abstract Objective: Five percent devices (CIEDs) are rem extraction is preferred bu adhere to the vasculature study is to assess the freq MDCT that alter preproc CIED extraction. Use of Preprocedural MDCT for Cardiac Implantable Electric Device Lead 2017 Extraction: Frequency of Findings That Change Management Ehieli WL, Boll DT, Marin D, Lewis R, Piccini JP, Hurwitz LM. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2017 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print] Materials and Methods CIEDs who underwent M extraction were analyzed preclude percutaneous re termination, were disting significant findings that c percutaneous removal, in the vasculature, lead term vein stenosis, or thrombu characterized separately. preprocedural decisions, performed, and procedur Results: Twenty-six wom ventricular leads, 84 righ venous leads were evalua in 7% of patients, includ perforation and one with tricuspid annuloplasty rin findings of endothelial fi patients. The central vein 42% of patients, and thro patients. Thirty-six perce findings, and 4% of patie requiring immediate inpa Conclusion: MDCT per extraction is able to iden significant findings that c Title Year Published Citation extraction or preprocedu preprocedural MDCT ca guide decision making b non-catheter-related find management. Link to abstract on PuMe Abstract Objectives: Extraction o implantable cardioverter aggressive adhesions can Furthermore, the presenc adds to the complexity o aim of this study was to p combination of different procedural success rate i The Challenge of Aggressive Adhesions: Tool Combination for 2017 Successful Lead Extraction Methods: A total of 161 extraction procedures ha 01/2012 and 08/2016. W where one extraction too complete procedural succ Linder M, Pecha S, Castro L, Zipfel S, Gosau N, more extraction tools wa Willems S, Reichenspurner H, Hakmi S. procedures were perform having patients under ge Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;65(S01):S1-S110. invasive arterial blood pr Results: Patients were 6 female. A total of 35 lead lCD leads and 6 dual-coi implantation duration of extracted. In 6 cases lase extraction tools were com sheaths and femoral snar simultaneous use of mec femoral snares was neces combination of these diff as well as procedural suc in all cases. No peri-proc no major or minor compl extraction procedures. Title Year Published Citation Conclusion: In cases of abandoned lead fragmen enough to achieve compl procedures, the combina using a hybrid operating with success rates up to 1 Link to abstract on The T Surgeon Abstract Introduction: Despite th extraction (TLE) remains inherent risks, where sur elective cases. In this stu a minimally invasive "hy procedure performed by support of a cardiac surg session. Hybrid Minimally Invasive Approach for Transvenous Lead 2017 Extraction: A Feasible Technique in HighRisk Patients Bontempi L, Vassanelli F, Cerini M, Bisleri G, Repossini A, Giroletti L, Inama L, Salghetti F, Liberto D, Giacopelli D, Raweh A, Muneretto C, Curnis A. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2017 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print] Methods and Results: W hybrid lead extraction; m thoracoscopy were perfo patients, respectively. A (median lead age 19 year with laser, mechanical or 3 patients, the direct mon myocardial integrity allo potential vascular injury maneuvers. Mean in-hos were no major intraopera occurred after 30 days' fo Conclusion: The hybrid or thoracoscopy, is feasib safety in the most challen minimally invasive surgi continuous monitoring o and prompt treatment of Link to abstract on PubM Title Year Published Citation Abstract Objectives: This in vivo feasibility and safety of r pacemakers (LPs). Background: Although removable soon after imp the feasibility of removin Percutaneous Retrieval of Implanted Leadless Pacemakers: Feasibility 2015 at 2.5 Years PostImplantation in an In Vivo Ovine Model Methods: This study wa mid-term cohort, 10 chro animals underwent retrie necropsy in 5; and 2) in t a new LP followed by ne term cohort, 8 additional ± 0.1 years followed by n performed using either a Koruth JS, Rippy MK, Khairkhahan A, Ligon DA, LPs (100%) were succes Hubbard CA, Miller MA, Dukkipati S, Neuzil P, retrieval catheter insertio Reddy VY. and 3:04 ± 01:13 minute study groups, respectivel JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;1:563-70. Results: There were no s times using either snare. was used pre- and post-re pericardial effusion in al no evidence of pericardia minor tissue disruption a implant site after retrieva fibrous connective tissue endocardium and LP can evidence of pulmonary th Conclusions: We demon percutaneous, catheter-ba implants of a maximum d years. 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