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Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to Abstract on PubM
Update on
Cardiovascular
Implantable Electronic
Device Infections and
2010
Their Management: A
Scientific Statement
from the American
Heart Association
Baddour LM, Epstein AE, Erickson CC, Knight
BP, Levison ME, Lockhart PB, Masoudi FA,
Okum EJ, Wilson WR, Beerman LB, Bolger AF,
Estes NA 3rd, Gewitz M, Newburger JW, Schron
EB, Taubert KA; American Heart Association
Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki
Disease Committee; Council on Cardiovascular
Disease in Young; Council on Cardiovascular
Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on
Cardiovascular Nursing; Council on Clinical
Cardiology; Interdisciplinary Council on Quality
of Care; American Heart Association.
Circulation. 2010;121:458-77
Transvenous Lead
Extraction: Heart
Rhythm Society Expert
Consensus on
Facilities, Training,
2009
Indications, and Patient
Management: This
document was endorsed
by the American Heart
Association (AHA)
Wilkoff BL, Love CJ, Byrd CL, Bongiorni MG,
Carrillo RG, Crossley GH 3rd, Epstein LM,
Friedman RA, Kennergren CE, Mitkowski P,
Schaerf RH, Wazni OM; Heart Rhythm Society;
American Heart Association.
Heart Rhythm. 2009;6:1085-104.
Abstract
Despite improvements in
electronic device (CIED)
infection control practice
antibiotic prophylaxis at
CIED infections continue
threatening. This has pro
CIED infections. Recogn
understanding of the epid
microbiology, manageme
infections, the American
this scientific statement t
infections, provide explic
of patients with suspecte
and highlight areas of ne
Link to PubMed
Link to Abstract on PubM
Multicenter Experience
with Extraction of the
2014
Riata/Riata ST ICD
Lead
Abstract
Background: In Novem
Maytin M, Wilkoff BL, Brunner M, Cronin E,
Love C, Grazia Bongiorni M, Segreti L, Carrillo Administration issued a c
RG, Garisto JD, Kutalek S, Subzposh F, Fischer ST implantable cardiove
A, Coffey JO, Gangireddy SR, Saba S, Mittal S, Management recommend
Arshad A, O'Keefe RM, Henrikson CA, Belott P, remained controversial.
John RM, Epstein LM.
Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1613-8.
Objective: Data regardin
extraction of Riata impla
leads are limited.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Methods: We performed
undergoing extraction of
centers.
Results: Between July 2
Riata/Riata ST leads wer
(Riata 467, [84%]; Riata
procedural success achie
78% men, with a mean a
ventricular ejection fract
implant duration was 44.
months). The majority of
infection (305 [53.0%]) a
malfunction. Evaluation
in 295 cases. Of these, 34
externalized cables. Impl
longer in leads with exte
difference in lead integri
Riata ST leads (11.7% vs
leads in which cable exte
sheaths were used more f
complications included 3
ventricular perforations r
with 1 death 12 days afte
effusion requiring percut
Conclusion: Extraction o
challenging, and leads w
require specific extractio
Riata/Riata ST leads can
experienced operators at
complication rate compa
Link to Abstract on PubM
Lead Extraction in the
Contemporary Setting:
The LExICon Study:
An Observational
2010
Retrospective Study of
Consecutive Laser
Lead Extractions
Wazni O, Epstein LM, Carrillo RG, Love C, Adler
SW, Riggio DW, Karim SS, Bashir J, Greenspon
AJ, DiMarco JP, Cooper JM, Onufer JR,
Ellenbogen KA, Kutalek SP, Dentry-Mabry S,
Ervin CM, Wilkoff BL.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:579-86.
Abstract
Objectives: This study s
efficacy of laser-assisted
indications, outcomes, an
consecutive patients.
Background: The need
increasing in direct relati
of cardiovascular implan
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Methods: Consecutive p
laser-assisted lead extrac
Results: Between Januar
1,449 consecutive patien
extraction of 2,405 leads
Median implantation dur
356.8 months). Leads we
the time, with a 97.7% cl
clinical goals associated
removal were achieved. F
was associated with body
low extraction volume ce
higher in leads implanted
performed in low volume
20 patients were directly
including 4 deaths (0.28%
associated with patients w
kg/m(2). Overall all-caus
1.86%; 4.3% when assoc
when associated with end
12.4% when associated w
or =2.0. Indicators of allpocket infections, device
and creatinine > or =2.0.
Conclusions: Lead extra
highly successful with a
Total mortality is substan
infections or device-relat
the setting of diabetes, re
index <25 kg/m(2). Cent
tended to have a lower ra
Link to Abstract on PubM
Pacemaker Lead
Extraction with the
Laser Sheath: Results
of the Pacing Lead
Extraction with the
Excimer Sheath
(PLEXES) Trial
1999
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose
Wilkoff BL, Byrd CL, Love CJ, Hayes DL,
safety and effectiveness
Sellers TD, Schaerf R, Parsonnet V, Epstein LM,
the excimer sheath in com
Sorrentino RA, Reiser C.
extraction.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:1671-6.
Background: Fibrotic at
chronically implanted pa
valvular and cardiac stru
Title
Year
Published
Citation
safe and consistent lead e
telescoping sheaths prod
effective technique of me
fibrosis. However, ultrav
instead of tearing the tiss
Methods: A randomized
conducted in 301 patient
pacemaker leads. The las
removed with identical to
the exception that the inn
replaced with the 12-F ex
both groups was defined
the randomized therapy w
Results: Complete lead r
group and 64% in the no
nonlaser extraction was c
88% of the time. The me
lead extraction was signi
randomized to the laser t
with 12.9 +/- 19.2 min fo
techniques (p < 0.04). Po
complications occurred i
of the laser patients, incl
Conclusions: Laser-assi
has significant clinical ad
laser tools and is associa
Link to Abstract on PubM
Safety and Outcomes of
Magnetic Resonance
Imaging in Patients
2014
with Abandoned
Pacemaker and
Defibrillator Leads
Abstract
Introduction: Abandone
electronic device (CIED)
to magnetic resonance im
Higgins JV, Gard JJ, Sheldon SH, Espinosa RE,
to in vitro data showing e
Wood CP, Felmlee JP, Cha YM, Asirvatham SJ,
the radiofrequency field.
Dalzell C, Acker N, Watson RE Jr, Friedman PA.
abandoned CIED leads d
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:1284-90.
clinical harm for patients
Methods: This single-ce
examined the outcomes o
generators removed befo
leads abandoned. Inform
Title
Year
Published
Citation
review. Data collected in
threshold before MRI, an
threshold data after gene
patient outcome.
Results: Patients (n = 19
ranged in age from 19 to
a mean of 1.63 abandone
none of the leads were M
implantable cardioverter
three were dual coil. Mo
were of the central nervo
spinal imaging. There we
with MRI in any of these
within 7 days of the scan
clinically significant cha
noted with generator reim
Conclusion: The use of
cardiac device leads appe
under careful monitoring
although the experience
function of leads that we
cardiac device.
Link to Abstract on PubM
A Simple InfectionControl Protocol to
2014
Reduce Serious Cardiac
Device Infections
Ahsan SY, Saberwal B, Lambiase PD, Koo CY,
Lee S, Gopalamurugan AB, Rogers DP, Lowe
MD, Chow AW.
Europace. 2014;16:1482-9.
Abstract
Aim: Device infection is
considered procedure-rel
months of an interventio
of a simple infection-con
cardiac device infections
centre.
Methods and Results: P
ICP, we retrospectively a
device implants, related p
3-year period. A new pro
November 2007, includin
determined by risk stratif
control, specific skin pre
as well as different diath
all patients were collecte
compared between pre- a
Title
Year
Published
Citation
ensure that the populatio
analysis of CDI and a rev
micro-organisms were al
seven hundred and ninety
performed between Nove
and 981 procedures betw
2009. There were no sign
factors for infection betw
the introduction of the IC
the incidence of CDI from
1.36). Most patients with
or grew Staphylococcus
958.40 per infection inci
was minimal.
Conclusions: A significa
achieved with the introdu
substantial cost savings.
Link to Abstract on PubM
In-Hospital
Complications
Associated with
Reoperations of
Implantable
Cardioverter
Defibrillators
2014
Steckman DA, Varosy PD, Parzynski CS,
Masoudi FA, Curtis JP, Sauer WH, Nguyen DT.
Am J Cardiol. 2014;114:419-26.
Abstract
Repeat implantable cardi
procedures are increasing
higher risks for complica
information for clinical d
light of recent defibrillat
large national cohort to c
procedural outcomes. Us
Cardiovascular Data Reg
compared patient charact
implantation, and associa
among 92,751 patients re
81,748 patients who und
= 31,057) and without (n
Hierarchical multivariab
determine the predictors
Complication rates were
repeat ICD procedures w
implantation or revision)
underwent initial implan
versus those with pocket
only) procedures (3.2% v
significantly more in-hos
and infections requiring
Title
Year
Published
Citation
involvement cohort. Com
pocket-only procedure, t
ratio of any complication
confidence interval: 3.66
who underwent repeat pr
excluding lead extraction
interval: 5.96 to 8.48, p <
lead extractions. In concl
when involving the addit
without concurrent lead e
higher complication rates
and with those who unde
Link to Abstract on PubM
Predicting the
Difficulty of a Lead
Extraction Procedure:
The LED Index
Abstract
Background: According
performing permanent le
minimum prerequisites c
procedures' volume, or fa
Heart Rhythm Society co
suggests that patients sho
experienced sites when a
achieved. The purpose of
score aimed at predicting
procedure through the an
database. This score coul
who should be sent to a r
2014
Bontempi L, Vassanelli F, Cerini M, D'Aloia A,
Vizzardi E, Gargaro A, Chiusso F, Mamedouv R,
Lipari A, Curnis A.
Methods: A total of 889
J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2014;15:668-73. from 469 patients. All pr
January 2009 to May 201
electrophysiologists, at th
Factors influencing the d
assessed using a univaria
regression model. The flu
was taken as an index of
Difficulty (LED) score w
strongest predictors.
Results: Overall, 873 of
completely removed. Ma
in one patient (0.2%) wh
Minor complications occ
deaths occurred. Median
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(3.3-17.3). A procedure w
fluoroscopy time was mo
(PCTL)].At a univariate
leads and years from imp
with an increased risk of
PCTL [odds ratio (OR) 1
(CI) 1.08-2.11, P = 0.01;
P < 0.001, respectively).
and sex, and combining w
influencing the extraction
analysis confirmed a 71%
time above 90th PCTL fo
(OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.06-2
increased risk for each ye
1.15-1.31, P < 0.001). Fu
increasing the risk were t
leads and dual-coil impla
Conversely, vegetations
extraction. The LED sco
extracted leads within a p
implant) + 1 if dual-coil
independently predicted
fluoroscopic time >90th
multivariate analysis. A r
analysis showed an area
score greater than 10 cou
above 90th PCTL with a
specificity of 76.7%.
Conclusion: The LED sc
potentially predicts fluor
with a relatively high acc
Link to Abstract on PubM
Heart Rhythm Society
Members' Views on
Pacemaker and
2014
Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillator Reuse
Abstract
Background: Reuse of c
Hughey AB, Desai N, Baman TS, Gakenheimer L, devices (CIEDs) may he
patients in low- and midd
Hagan L, Kirkpatrick JN, Oral H, Eagle KA,
Crawford TC.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:969-77.
Methods: To examine H
physicians' opinions rega
survey eliciting attitudes
all 3,380 HRS physician
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Results: There were 429
A large majority of respo
that resterilization of dev
patients who cannot affo
87%) and, if proven to be
88%). A total of 340 (81
comfortable asking their
their device, and 353 (84
a resterilized device if it
cited concerns about dev
64%) and device malfun
from the United States an
impressions of device reu
high-income countries (P
statements regarding reu
ethical concerns (P < 0.0
from all high-income cou
lower- and upper-middle
significant differences in
Conclusions: HRS surve
concept of CIED reuse fo
afford new devices. Stud
clinical efficacy and safe
potential barriers to adop
Link to Abstract on PubM
Perforated Tricuspid
Valve Leaflet Resulting
from Defibrillator
2014
Leads: A Review of the
Literature
Clinical Significance of
Collateral Superficial
Vein across Clavicle in
Patients with
2014
Cardiovascular
Implantable Electronic
Device
Wilner BR, Coffey JO, Mitrani R, Carrillo RG.
J Cardiac Surgery. 2014;29:470-2.
Abstract
Tricuspid valve (TV) per
after implantable cardiov
permanent pacemaker im
lead-related TV perforati
symptoms months to yea
a case where a patient pr
regurgitation secondary t
septal leaflet two weeks
review of the literature a
Link to Abstract on PubM
Hosoda J, Ishikawa T, Matsushita K, Matsumoto
Abstract
K, Sugano T, Ishigami T, Kimura K, Umemura S.
Background: Obstructio
Circ J. 2014;78:1846-50.
known complication afte
electronic device (CIED)
Title
Year
Published
Citation
developed collateral supe
observed on the skin surf
this study was to clarify
obstruction and developm
the clavicle.
Methods and Results: A
for generator replacemen
extraction were enrolled.
device was photographed
medium was injected int
side of CIED implantatio
performed. Venous obstr
diameter narrowing >75%
obstruction in 27 patients
statistically significant di
characteristics between t
venous obstruction group
had a superficial vein acr
CIED implantation. The
superficial vein across th
venous obstruction was 9
(P<0.001).
Conclusions: The presen
the clavicle is useful for
obstruction in patients w
Link to Abstract on PubM
Influence of Vegetation
Size on the Clinical
Presentation and
Outcome of Lead2014
Associated
Endocarditis: Results
from the MEDIC
Registry
Greenspon AJ, Le KY, Prutkin JM, Sohail MR,
Vikram HR, Baddour LM, Danik SB, Peacock J,
Falces C, Miro JM, Naber C, Carrillo RG, Tseng
CH, Uslan DZ.
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7:541-9.
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose
whether the clinical pres
endocarditis (LAE) is rel
vegetations and how size
clinical outcomes.
Background: Cardiac im
(CIED) infection may pr
infection or bloodstream
LAE is associated with s
mortality.
Methods: The clinical p
were evaluated by the M
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Electrophysiologic Devic
international registry enr
infection. Consecutive L
MEDIC registry between
31, 2012 were analyzed.
outcomes of 2 groups of
the size of the lead veget
echocardiography (> or <
Results: There were 129
the MEDIC registry. Of
vegetation <1 cm in diam
patients had a vegetation
Patients in Group I more
local pocket infection, w
presented with clinical ev
Staphylococcus aureus w
responsible for LAE, wh
negative staphylococci w
vegetations. Outcomes w
underwent complete dev
complications were assoc
approach for device remo
Conclusions: The clinica
influenced by the size of
recognition and managem
obtaining blood cultures
transesophageal echocard
present with either signs
infection.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Coronary sinus lead
extraction in CRT
patients with CIED2014
related infection: risks,
implications and
outcomes
Lisy M, Schmid E, Kalender G, Stock UA,
Doernberger V, Khalil M, Kornberger A.
Minerva Cardioangiol. 2014 Jun 19. [Epub ahead
of print]
Abstract
Aims: To examine risks,
coronary sinus (CS) lead
infections of cardiac resy
systems.
Methods: 40 (65.5±11.1
CS lead extraction proce
2000--2011. Nine (22.5%
infection and included on
lead and valve endocardi
Title
Year
Published
Citation
pocket infection. CS lead
subgroup was performed
five years after the last C
Results: 42 CS and 35 n
Leads extracted in the in
significantly longer in sit
to the non--infection sub
Extraction in infected pa
methods and longer expo
infected. Procedural succ
was achieved in all patie
complications occurred i
and one (3.2%) of the no
surgical--related in three
times were significantly
the non--infection subgro
days).
Conclusions: Our results
CIED--system removal i
regardless of whether or
limited to the generator p
failure, patient frailty and
interdisciplinary approac
diagnostic, procedural an
lead extraction in this hig
performed with excellent
rates.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Cardiac Implantable
Electronic Device Lead
Extraction in Patients
with Underlying
2014
Infection Using Open
Thoracotomy or
Percutaneous
Techniques
Patel D, Khan F, Shah H, Bhattacharya S,
Adelstein E, Saba S.
Cardiol J. 2014 May 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Abstract
Background: Explanting
electronic devices (CIED
leads can be performed p
thoracotomy (OR) appro
the characteristics and ou
patients undergoing EP v
Methods: All patients (E
received lead extraction
CIED from 2005 to 2010
Medical Center were inc
and clinical characteristic
Title
Year
Published
Citation
electronic medical record
index (CCI) was used to
conditions.
Results: Compared to th
more likely to have posit
vegetations, and worse C
total mortality rates at 1
months (p=0.012) after th
after lead extractions wa
compared to the OR grou
for other comorbid illnes
regression model.
Conclusions: infected C
chest lead extraction are
rates compared to those u
extraction. Randomized,
determine whether the pr
extraction accounts in pa
Link to Abstract on PubM
Impact of Pocket
Revision on the Rate of
Infection and Other
Complications in
Patients Requiring
Pocket Manipulation
2015
for Generator
Replacement and/or
Lead Replacement or
Revision (Make It
Clean): A Prospective
Randomized Study
Abstract
Background: The fibrou
implantable device gener
bacterial colonization an
capsule during device rep
infection rates but may in
complications.
Lakkireddy D, Pillarisetti J, Atkins D, Biria M,
Reddy M, Murray C, Bommana S, Shanberg D,
Adabala N, Pimentel R, Dendi R, Emert M, Vacek
J, Dawn B, Berenbom L.
Heart Rhythm. 2015 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print]
Objectives: The purpose
effect of pocket capsule d
infection and bleeding ra
replacement procedures M
randomized single blind
undergoing device replac
extraction were randomiz
revision" (n=131) and gr
(n=127). Deep and super
and prolonged serous dra
months of follow up. Da
intention to treat principl
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Results: A total of 258 p
study. Rates of generator
extraction/replacement w
There was no incidence o
at 12 months of follow u
difference in the incidenc
between groups (1.5% vs
months of follow up. The
acute hematoma formatio
B (6.1% vs. 0.8%, p valu
undergo hematoma evacu
Conclusion: There was i
formation in group A wit
Our study suggests that t
empiric pocket revision.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Insulation Failure and
Externalized Conductor
of a Single-Coil
2015
Kentrox Lead: An
Ongoing Story?
Multicenter Study of
the Safety and Effects
of Magnetic Resonance
Imaging in Patients
2015
with Coronary Sinus
Left Ventricular Pacing
Leads
Bogossian H, Mijic D, Frommeyer G, Winter J.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:226-7.
Abstract
Conductor externalizatio
the St. Jude Medical Ria
reported externalization o
Biotronik leads. Up to no
not yet been reported for
for the first time an exter
Biotronik Kentrox single
defibrillator (ICD) lead.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Magnetic
patients with left ventricu
or lead heating, dislodgm
dysfunction.
Sheldon SH, Bunch TJ, Cogert GA, Acker NG,
Dalzell CM, Higgins JV, Espinosa RE,
Asirvatham SJ, Cha YM, Felmlee JP, Watson RE
Jr, Anderson JL, Brooks MH, Osborn JS,
Objective: The purpose
Friedman PA.
safety of MRI in patients
Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:345-9.
Methods: Prospective da
sinus LV leads undergoin
institutions were collecte
dependent. Scans were p
technician, radiologist, a
Title
Year
Published
Citation
continuous vital sign, pu
monitoring and a 1.5-T s
rate <1.5 W/kg. Devices
MRI, programmed to asy
with tachyarrhythmia the
reprogrammed to their or
Results: MRI scans (n =
patients with non-MRI c
2005 and 2013 (mean ag
women, median lead imp
interquartile range 125-1
on the head/neck/spine (n
(n = 4 [10%]), chest (n =
[2%]). There were no ov
MRI interrogation LV le
12.9 ± 6.7 mV, P = .38),
± 312 Ω, P = .67), or thre
V, P = .91). No individua
intervention.
Conclusion: MRI scanni
pacemaker-dependent pa
leads who were carefully
without clinically signifi
function.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Optimal Management
of Riata Leads with No
Known Electrical
2015
Abnormalities or
Externalization: A
Decision Analysis
Abstract
Introduction: Riata and
cardioverter-defibrillator
Sylmar, CA, USA) can d
externalization and/or ele
management of these lea
Pokorney SD, Piccini JP, Pokorney SD, Zhou K,
Matchar DB, Love S, Zeitler EP, Lewis R, Piccini
JP.
Methods and Results: A
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:184-91.
management strategies: (
for electrical failure, (2)
screening and routine de
implantation of new ICD
lead, and (4) implantatio
extraction of the in situ l
old primary prevention I
demonstrated average lif
Title
Year
Published
Citation
capping with new lead im
extraction with new lead
fluoroscopy with routine
and routine interrogation
sensitivity analyses ident
strategy with only one pa
value: when risk of nona
lead abandonment is grea
extraction is preferred ov
Monte Carlo simulation
sensitivity analysis, foun
with 100% certainty (ext
Conclusions: Overall the
survival with monitoring
approaches. There is no e
screening for externaliza
Link to Abstract on PubM
Surgical Management
of Major Intrathoracic
Hemorrhage Resulting
from High-Risk
2015
Transvenous
Pacemaker/Defibrillator
Lead Extraction
Tricuspid Regurgitation
and Implantable
2015
Devices
Abstract
A method, based on well
described for surgical ma
intrathoracic bleeding co
the extraction of pacema
Caniglia-Miller JM, Bussey WD, Kamtz NM, Tsai this method, four patient
SF, Erickson CC, Anderson DR, Moulton MJ.
hemodynamic deteriorati
J Card Surg. 2015;30:149-53.
superior vena cava and it
lead extraction underwen
Perioperative preparation
management of major bl
surgical repair technique
complications can be ma
strategy leading to excell
extractions without mort
Link to Abstract on PubM
Al-Bawardy R, Krishnaswamy A, Rajeswaran J,
Bhargava M, Wazni O, Wilkoff B, Tuzcu EM,
Martin D, Thomas J, Blackstone E, Kapadia S.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;38:259-66.
Abstract
Background: There are
regarding the prevalence
after cardiac device impl
cardioverter defibrillator
[PPM]).
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Objective: The goal of t
prevalence of TR after ca
determine its clinical sig
Methods: A total of 1,59
devices implanted betwe
Cleveland Clinic and had
echocardiogram and at le
echocardiogram were inc
3,566 postimplantation e
for the 1,596 patients (m
primary end point was po
secondary end point was
implantation. We have u
nonlinear mixed-effects m
trend of TR prevalence a
hazard model to assess su
Results: Of the 1,596 pa
61% of patients were me
(including 334 patients w
therapy defibrillator) and
prevalence of grade 3 or
31% by 1 month and to 3
prevalence of grade 0/1+
preimplantation to 37% a
Device type (ICD vs PPM
placed did not have an ef
0.2). Right ventricular sy
change over time (36 mm
months, and 37 mm Hg b
survival were 93% and 7
Postimplantation TR was
late death (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Cardiac dev
with a small but significa
moderate and severe TR,
after implantation. The in
both ICD and PPM place
the number of leads impl
significant increase in RV
associated with a higher
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: The Medtr
Medtronic Inc., Minneap
significantly impaired lo
fixation leads fare worse
this study was to present
only with very long mean
Very Late Follow-Up
of a Passive
Defibrillator Lead
under Recall: Do
Failure Rates Increase
during Long-Term
Observation
2015
Frey SM, Sticherling C, Kraus R, Ammann P,
Kühne M, Osswald S, Schaer B.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015 Jan 20. [Epub
ahead of print]
Methods: Patients in wh
in two large Swiss center
eight (5.5%) patients wit
Patients who died or wer
censored at death or last
January 31, 2014. We em
of failure: strict = fractur
sudden increase in imped
impedance >100 Ohm; >
interventricular-intervals
a linear increase in imped
decrease in sensing to a l
considered inappropriate
Results: We included 13
years. Mean and median
(interquartile range 4.8-7
definition, 12 leads (8.8%
years (range 1.2-8.1). Ap
leads (10.2%) failed. Cum
at 3, 96.9% at 4, 94.2% a
"at risk" were: n = 122 (8
88 (64%).
Endocardial Lead
Extraction in the Polish
Registry - Clinical
2014
Practice versus Current
Heart Rhythm Society
Consensus
Conclusions: In this pop
lead survival is impaired
leads "at risk" at this tim
Link to Abstract on PubM
Chudzik M, Kutarski A, Mitkowski P, Przybylski
Abstract
A, Lewek J, Małecka B, Smukowski T, Maciąg A,
Introduction: Over the l
Smigielski J.
increasing number of pat
Arch Med Sci. 2014;10:258-65.
cardioverter-defibrillator
retrospective analysis of
Title
Year
Published
Citation
pacemaker and ICD lead
2009 based on the experi
Lead Extraction Centers.
Material and Methods:
consecutively retrospecti
entered the information i
had indication for lead ex
Rhythm Society Guidelin
analyze. Between 2003 a
together. Since 2006, dat
analyzed annually.
Results: In each year, a s
extraction was observed.
were infections in 52.4%
extraction constituted the
LE in 29.7% of patients.
percentage of class I indi
2006 to only 47% in 200
increasingly more leads w
especially class 2b. In 20
due to class 2b.
Conclusions: Polish Reg
Extraction 2003-2009, sh
lead extraction. The main
systemic and pocket. An
LE indication in every ce
found.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Mechanical and
Electrical Dysfunction
of Riata Implantable
2014
CardioverterDefibrillator Leads
Demirel F, Adiyaman A, Delnoy PP, Smit JJ,
Ramdat Misier AR, Elvan A.
Europace. 2014;16:1787-94.
Abstract
Aim: Riata implantable c
prone to failure by condu
electrical dysfunction. Th
determine the predictors
the association of conduc
lead failure, and to analy
time.
Methods and Results: O
our centre, 197 were inve
recall protocol, including
Title
Year
Published
Citation
device interrogation and
mean follow-up period o
failure was 18.8% (37 of
17.3% (34 of 197) for ele
lead failure was correlate
Externalization and elect
only 6 of 197 (3%) patie
coefficient -0.013, P = 0.
screening, 145 (73.6%) p
and 9 patients had novel
incidence of 6.72%/patie
expected based on crosswas a significant increas
(17.65 ± 11.14 mm vs. 2
multivariate Cox regress
cardiomyopathy and imp
predictors of externalizat
of electrical lead failure.
Conclusion: Riata leads
externalization rates with
externalization and electr
cardiomyopathy and imp
predictors of structural le
analysis, whereas 7 Fr le
failure.
Link to PubMed
Optimizing Lead Body
Control During Lead
Extractions: The "Felix 2014
Helix" Lead
Compression Method
Yang F.
Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1666-7.
MRI and Cardiac
Implantable Electronic 2014
Devices; Current Status
van der Graaf AW, Bhagirath P, Götte MJ.
Neth Heart J. 2014;22:269-76.
Abstract
A crucial factor in the su
maintaining control of th
can be obtained by using
stylet is usually placed d
the lead to be extracted a
(Colorado Springs, CO)
devices, and Cook Medic
Liberator Beacon Tip Lo
locking device or stylet i
to the outer components
chance that the inner com
of the lead may be lost.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Citation
and Required Safety
Conditions
Risk Factors for 1-Year
Mortality among
Patients with Cardiac
Implantable Electronic
Device Infection
2014
Undergoing
Transvenous Lead
Extraction: The Impact
of the Infection Type
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imag
essential diagnostic mod
patient categories. This g
an increase in the numbe
implantable electronic de
questions arose with rega
these devices. Various in
harmless performance of
conventional (non-MRI c
published European Soci
guidelines on cardiac pac
resynchronisation therap
safely performed in patie
or ICD (MRI conditional
conditions are met. This
former general opinion th
ICD were not eligible to
attempts to elucidate the
cardiologists by providin
potential life-threatening
measures to be taken prio
overview of all available
their individual restrictio
date safety protocol is pr
patient safety before, dur
• Historically, MRI exam
has been considered haza
technology and increasin
practice have led to the i
CIEDs and to more lenie
of patients with non-cond
investigations can be per
when adhering to a stand
protocol.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Tarakji KG, Wazni OM, Harb S, Hsu A, Saliba
W, Wilkoff BL.
Europace. 2014;16:1490-5.
Abstract
Aims: Infections of card
(CIEDs) are infrequent b
mortality. We aimed to a
mortality among patients
Title
Year
Published
Citation
and the Presence of
Vegetation on Survival
evaluate if the type of inf
vegetation affect surviva
Methods and Results: W
patients with infected CI
lead extraction at our tert
and 2008. Patients who p
the device pocket were c
those who presented with
vegetation and a pocket t
as 'endovascular infectio
examined using the socia
hundred and two patients
years); 289 (58%) had po
had EVI. One-year morta
multivariable Cox regres
with significantly higher
2.1, P-value 0.0008). Am
patients had vegetation o
however, there was no di
between patients with EV
patients with EVI and no
P-value 0.188). Risk fact
patients with EVI includ
class, and bleeding requi
vegetation was not assoc
mortality.
Conclusion: One-year m
with EVI compared with
this increased mortality d
presence of vegetations.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Cardiac Implanted
Electronic DeviceRelated Infective
Endocarditis: Clinical 2014
Features, Management,
and Outcomes of 80
Consecutive Patients
Kim DH, Tate J, Dresen WF, Papa FC Jr, Bloch
KC, Kalams SA, Ellis CR, Baker MT, Lenihan
DJ, Mendes LA.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:978-85.
Abstract
Background: The use of
devices (CIEDs) has exp
decade, but net clinical b
increasing infectious com
related infectious endoca
with significant morbidit
Methods: We performed
study between July 2006
Title
Year
Published
Citation
related IE, defined by eit
echocardiography or by f
definite endocarditis. Cli
were detailed by electron
vital status was confirme
Index.
Results: Eighty patients
range 56-75, 58 M/22 F)
related IE. Overall morta
to death of 95 days from
the deaths were infection
death of 29 days. Multiv
methicillin-resistant Stap
infection (odds ratio [OR
[CI], 0.047-0.534; P = .0
endocarditis (OR 0.141,
independently predicted
Conclusion: In this cont
mortality in patients with
a short time to death from
concomitant valve infect
independent predictors o
Link to Abstract on PubM
Fluoroscopic and
Electrical Assessment
of Implantable
Cardioverter
Defibrillator Leads: A
Prospective
Observational Study
2014
McKeag NA, Hodkinson EC, Noad RL, Kodoth
VN, Ashfield K, Wilson CM, McEneaney DJ,
Roberts MJ.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:1538-43.
Abstract
Background: Insulation
externalization (CE) hav
family of implantable ca
leads (St. Jude Medical,
this study was to identify
and outcomes following
with a Riata ICD lead.
Methods: Patients with a
fluoroscopic screening an
lead at yearly intervals b
Results: One hundred an
borderline evidence of C
These patients were pros
(304.6 patient-years). Du
developed definite CE, e
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(95% confidence interva
of follow-up. Of those pa
one patient had the ICD
unrelated to CE) and no
associated with any elect
lead.
Conclusions: CE was ob
patient-years of follow-u
ICD lead and no definite
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Recalled S
defibrillator leads are pro
externalized conductors (
needed to guide lead man
Objective: The purpose
dynamic nature of EC an
abnormalities and lead ex
Prospective Nationwide
Fluoroscopic and
Electrical Longitudinal
2014
Follow-up of Recalled
Riata Defibrillator
Leads in Denmark
Larsen JM, Nielsen JC, Johansen JB, Haarbo J,
Petersen HH, Thøgersen AM, Hjortshøj SP.
Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2141-7.
Methods: A nationwide
patients with recalled Ria
1.1 years, 34 ECs, and 19
followed until death, lead
fluoroscopy, or a new 20
and device interrogation.
Results: Fluoroscopic fo
normal baseline fluorosc
8 leads and borderline EC
with an incidence rate of
confidence interval 2.0-6
patients with baseline EC
length of 4 ± 1 mm (P <.
Electrical follow-up in 2
electrical function demon
abnormalities after 1.0 ±
of 7.1 per 100 person-ye
11.0). This rate was sign
baseline EC, with an adju
(95% confidence interva
Title
Year
Published
Citation
extractions, all leads wer
complications.
Conclusion: The develo
process despite long lead
with a higher risk of elec
lead replacement should
patients with a long life e
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Transveno
complex invasive proced
operator and the team is
procedural outcomes.
Aim: Because of very lim
procedural volumes to en
competency for TLEs, w
aimed at assessing the ou
with low, medium, and h
Safety of Transvenous
Lead Extraction
According to Center
2014
Volume: A Systematic
Review and MetaAnalysis
Methods: Of the 280 pap
Di Monaco A, Pelargonio G, Narducci ML,
February 2013, 66 observ
Manzoli L, Boccia S, Flacco ME, Capasso L,
criteria and were include
Barone L, Perna F, Bencardino G, Rio T, Leo M, analysis: 17 were prospe
Di Biase L, Santangeli P, Natale A, Rebuzzi AG, retrospective design; and
Crea F.
studies'. We included onl
Europace. 2014;16:1496-507.
introduction of laser tech
the studies in low, mediu
utilizing either the Europ
(EHRA) or Lexicon clas
Results: When meta-ana
for the studies with large
using EHRA or Lexicon
differences emerged in th
complications or intraope
minor complications and
centre volume increased.
Conclusions: In our met
studies, patients who hav
centres have a lower prob
Title
Year
Published
Citation
and death at 30 days rega
length of lead duration, t
extraction.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Aims: Data concerning t
obstruction in patients re
limited. Thus, we aimed
obstruction in patients re
implications for tool sele
Prevalence of Venous
Occlusion in Patients
Referred for Lead
Extraction:
Implications for Tool
Selection
2014
Li X, Ze F, Wang L, Li D, Duan J, Guo F, Yuan
C, Li Y, Guo J.
Europace. 2014;16:1795-9.
Methods and Results: C
vein was obtained in 202
62.4 ± 14.5 years) schedu
indication for lead extrac
72%) and other causes (n
device infection had supe
Access vein occlusion oc
without infection vs. 46 (
0.002; odds ratio (OR) 3
1.58-9.87]. No significan
and non-occluded patien
type, number of leads, tim
lead, or anticoagulation t
duration and fluoroscopy
lower in the open group
0.05). Patients with veno
advanced tools for lead e
evolution sheaths, and ne
Conclusion: Both system
associated with increased
We found no support for
occlusion increases with
Lead extraction was mor
occlusion, requiring adva
Link to Abstract on PubM
Generator Replacement
Is Associated with an
2014
Increased Rate of ICD
Lead Alerts
Lovelock JD, Cruz C, Hoskins MH, Jones P, ElChami MF, Lloyd MS, Leon A, DeLurgio DB,
Langberg JJ.
Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1785-9.
Abstract
Background: Lead malf
morbidity and mortality
cardioverter-defibrillator
Title
Year
Published
Citation
failure of recalled high-v
increases after ICD gene
generator replacement ha
predictor of lead failure i
Objective: The purpose
effect of ICD generator e
alerts.
Methods: A time-depend
model was used to analy
monitored ICDs. The mo
generator exchange on th
generator replacement.
Results: The analysis inc
for 37 ± 19 months. The
(95% confidence interva
patients, 7458 patients (1
exchange without lead re
replacement, the rate of l
higher than in controls w
generator replacement (h
interval 3.45-7.84). A lar
3 months of generator re
common in patients with
and in younger patients.
alerts.
Conclusion: Routine gen
with a 5-fold higher risk
matched leads without ge
suggests the need for inte
replacement and the deve
minimize the risk of lead
replacement.
Prospective Long-term
Evaluation of Optiminsulated (Riata ST
Optim and Durata)
2014
Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillator Leads
Link to Abstract on PubM
Cairns JA, Epstein AE, Rickard J, Connolly SJ,
Buller C, Wilkoff BL, Pogue J, Themeles E,
Healey JS.
Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2156-62.
Abstract
Background: St Jude M
implantable cardioverter
to impart lubricity, streng
Title
Year
Published
Citation
maintaining flexibility an
prospective follow-up da
Objective: The objective
the rates of all-cause mec
(conductor fracture, insu
conductors, and other me
prospective cohort of Op
cardioverter-defibrillator
Methods: St Jude Medic
registries and enrolled 11
patients beginning in 200
baseline documentation,
events reports (verified b
algorithms), and docume
inactivation, study withd
Health Research Institute
engaged to review databa
potential mechanical lead
independent analyses of
Results: During a media
were 51 mechanical failu
free of this outcome by 5
from conductor fracture
all-cause abrasion in 99.8
no reports of externalized
significant differences in
Durata DF1, and Riata S
Conclusion: Over a mea
insulated leads have low
failure and no observed e
Independent analyses of
provide reliable long-term
ongoing.
Major Predictors of
Fibrous Adherences in
Transvenous
Implantable
2014
CardioverterDefibrillator Lead
Extraction
Link to Abstract on PubM
Segreti L, Di Cori A, Soldati E, Zucchelli G, Viani
S, Paperini L, De Lucia R, Coluccia G, Valsecchi
Abstract
S, Bongiorni MG.
Background: Percutane
Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:2196-201.
cardioverter-defibrillator
Title
Year
Published
Citation
procedure because of the
tissue growth along the l
Objective: The purpose
occurrence and location
extraction and to identify
patient and lead characte
Methods: We studied 63
underwent transvenous e
1997 to 2013.
Results: Procedural succ
complications. Areas of a
subclavian vein (78%), in
vena cava (66%), and he
fixation, and dual-coil le
associated with adherenc
associated with adherenc
superior vena cava, wher
expandable polytetrafluo
adhesive back-filled strat
Passive fixation mechani
adherences in the heart.
Conclusion: ICD leads,
affected by fibrous adher
along the lead course. Le
predictors of the phenom
recommended at the time
adherences. In addition,
mandatory before a trans
Link to Abstract on PubM
Management of
Malfunctioning and
Recalled Pacemaker
and Defibrillator Leads: 2014
Results of the European
Heart Rhythm
Association Survey
Abstract
The aim of this survey w
Grazia Bongiorni M, Dagres N, Estner H, Pison L,
strategies regarding the m
Todd D, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Scientific
and recalled pacemaker a
Initiative Committee, European Heart Rhythm
Europe. A questionnaire
Association.
current practice and phys
Europace. 2014;16:1674-8.
management of leads wh
and/or recalled. Respons
received from 34 hospita
Heart Rhythm Associatio
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(EP) research network. T
high and low volume imp
responding centres perfo
provides a panoramic vie
in the field of malfunctio
leads and outlines a com
abandonment and factors
lead extraction. The main
decision making were pa
the damaged leads (44%
(44%). Regarding the lea
concern (61%) was the p
associated with lead extr
extracting centres showe
removing the malfunctio
with low volume or nonsurvey gives a snapshot o
options regarding redund
lead management and ma
prospective research on t
Link to Abstract on PubM
Radiographic
Predictors of Lead
Conductor Fracture
2014
Krahn AD, Morissette J, Lahm R, Haddad T,
Baxter WW, McVenes R, Crystal E, AyalaParedes F, Cameron D, Verma A, Simpson CS,
Exner DV, Birnie DH.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2014;7:1070-7.
Abstract
Background: Lead fract
voltage lead durability. F
Medtronic Fidelis leads p
examine factors captured
correlate with risk for lea
evaluated contributory fa
fractures.
Methods and Results: W
case-control study at 8 C
capture anterior posterior
weeks of implant. Cases
confirmed Medtronic Fid
standard definitions, mat
date of implant, sex, and
Fidelis leads from the sam
x-rays were collected for
measurements by ≥2 ind
blinded to patient status.
time to failure multivaria
model with stratification
Title
Year
Published
Citation
pairs from 111 fracture p
controls (age 61.5±12.8 y
leads). Six parameters in
were significantly associ
including slack/tortuosity
superior vena cava coil lo
from the pocket.
Conclusions: Pocket, int
characteristics on x-ray c
conductor fracture. Thes
direct implant technique
Validation in larger popu
may inform the applicati
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Pacemake
defibrillator lead extracti
infection, malfunction, o
identification of lead tip
performance of the proce
Radiographic and
ElectrocardiographyGated Noncontrast
Cardiac CT Assessment
2014
of Lead Perforation:
Modality Comparison
and Interobserver
Agreement
Objective: To analyze th
and CT imaging to chara
identify perforation in a p
underwent lead extractio
Balabanoff C, Gaffney CE, Ghersin E, Okamoto
Y, Carrillo R, Fishman JE.
J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2014;8:384-90.
Methods: Among patien
between November 2008
subset of 50 patients with
retrospective analysis. A
radiography and thin-sec
noncontrast cardiac CT.
evaluated the imaging stu
image reconstruction tec
Beam hardening artifacts
perforation on each imag
point scale.
Results: Among 116 lea
perforated on CT, 12 lea
not perforated. Interobse
perforation vs nonperfora
Title
Year
Published
Citation
weighted kappa for the e
(κ = 0.54). Beam hardeni
mean value of 2.1. The 2
on chest radiography wit
compared with CT. The
cases of chest radiograph
Conclusion: Electrocard
cardiac CT imaging with
identify potential lead pe
good level of interobserv
demonstrates poor sensit
compared with CT
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Aims: We investigated a
(Compression Coil; Oneexperimental traction for
Compression Coil
Provides Increased
Lead Control in
Extraction Procedures
2014
Starck CT, Stepuk A, Holubec T, Steffel J, Stark
JW, Falk V.
Europace. 2014 Oct 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: O
JS53, Biotronik) traction
under different configura
three groups: (i) traction
locking stylet support (n
with the use of a locking
and a proximal ligation s
testing with the use of a l
coil (n = 4). The followin
all groups: stress-strain c
modulus, post-testing lea
Groups 2 and 3 retraction
lead was measured [lead
(LTLSD)]. Maximal forc
28.3 ± 0.3 N; (ii) 30.6 ±
P = 0.13; 1 vs. 3, P = 0.0
modulus was (i) 22.8 ± 0
(iii) 2447.0 ± 510.5 MPa
0.01; 2 vs. 3, P = 0.26). M
19.8 ± 3.2 cm and was 13
0.02). The ratio of LTLS
0.37 ± 0.03 for Group 2 a
0.01).
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Conclusion: The applica
to an increased lead cont
the locking stylet within
central support of extract
challenging extraction pr
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background and Purpo
leads are susceptible to c
point prevalence of insul
up to 33 %, but prospecti
new lead abnormalities a
study was to determine th
conductor externalization
Longitudinal Follow-up
of Riata Leads Reveals
High Annual Incidence
2014
of New Conductor
Externalization and
Electrical Failure
Methods: A prospective
conducted at a single tert
one patients were follow
anterior (PA)/lateral ches
performed at baseline an
conductor externalization
Steinberg C, Sarrazin JF, Philippon F, Champagne clinical outcome were al
J, Bouchard MA, Molin F, Nault I, Blier L,
O'Hara G.
Results: The overall inci
J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2014;41:217-22.
was 8.5 % at 12 months.
conductor externalization
and 1590 with an annual
respectively. New condu
times more common in 8
The overall incidence of
6.4 % at 12 months. Elec
significantly higher in ab
[6/129]; p = 0.03) and mo
pacing thresholds. There
inappropriate shock or fa
Conclusion: The annual
defects in Riata(TM) lea
reported. Lead models 15
highest risk for new cond
dysfunction in Riata(TM
reported and is associate
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: It is estim
transvenous lead extracti
extraction rate of nearly
Despite technologic adva
for significant morbidity
rates with TLE directly p
However, obtaining adeq
postfellowship can be dif
catastrophic complicatio
(up to 300 cases) associa
sought to validate a virtu
simulator as an innovativ
physicians new to TLE.
Virtual Reality Lead
Extraction as a Method
for Training New
2014
Physicians: A Pilot
Study
Maytin M, Daily TP, Carillo RG.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014 Dec 12. [Epub
ahead of print]
Methods: We randomize
fellows to VR simulator
compared procedural ski
groups using simulator c
markers of proficiency a
abilities battery.
Results: Practical skills
differed significantly bet
conventional training gro
executed patient preparat
better than the conventio
fellows randomized to co
a simulator complication
tears, three right ventricl
fellow in the VR simulat
0.02). Tactile measureme
excess pushing versus pu
conventionally trained gr
was also significantly hig
group (12.46 minutes vs
was no significant differe
cognitive ability.
Conclusions: We conten
alternative training tools
will improve physician tr
Title
Year
Published
Citation
innovative pathway to as
competency.
Rates of and Factors
Associated with
Infection in 200,909
Medicare Implantable
Cardioverter2014
Defibrillator Implants:
Results from the
National
Cardiovascular Data
Registry
Further Observations
on a New Wound
Closure Technique for
Cardiac Implantable
2015
Electronic Devices:
Single Center
Experience
Prutkin JM, Reynolds MR, Bao H, Curtis JP, AlKhatib SM, Aggarwal S, Uslan DZ.
Circulation. 2014;130:1037-43.
Zak PW, Welch M, Kanjwal K, Grubb BP.
The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm
Management. 2015. [epub ahead of print]
Link to Abstract on PubM
Troubleshooting during
a challenging high-risk
pacemaker lead
2015
extraction: A case
report and review of the
literature
Rizkallah J, Kent W, Kuriachan V, Burgess J,
Exner D5.
BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:94
Abstract
Background: The use of
devices continues to incr
beneficial indications. W
implantation decreased s
risk remains associated w
indicated. A high-risk pa
described, wherein a chro
perforated the right atriu
without the need for card
report we share our appro
extraction case and descr
pump hybrid technique t
stitch".
Case Presentation: A 74
complete heart block and
presents with a swollen a
pacemaker pocket necess
computerized tomograph
perforating right atrial le
the pericardial space. A s
Title
Year
Published
Citation
open surgical extraction
the need for cardiopulmo
possible due to a success
stitch".
Conclusion: Implantable
infections are amongst th
complications. Risks of d
complicated in cases of c
Extraction strategies that
initiation are preferred.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Aims: The incidence of c
more than 12 months fol
(late infection) has not be
objective was to compare
and late infection rates fo
implantation.
Increased late complex
device infections are
determined by cardiac
2015
resynchronization
therapy-defibrillator
infection
Unsworth JD, Zaidi A, Hargreaves MR.
Europace. 2015 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: P
cardiac resynchronizatio
without a defibrillator (C
defibrillator alone [impla
(ICD)], between March 2
studied retrospectively. T
removal due to CDI. A to
complex device implanta
years of follow-up. Mean
per cent were male. Over
identified; 6 infections w
18 (3.7%) infections at le
(P < 0.025). The mean in
infection were 6 months
the early and late groups
rates (%) for ICD, CRT1.6, and 0.6, respectively
rates were 2.2, 2.1, and 6
rate was driven by increa
compared with early CR
Conclusion: Early CDI r
published data. Compare
Title
Year
Published
Citation
rates are significantly inc
infection. These findings
reports. Late CRT-D infe
long-term costs and over
devices.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Preoperative skin
antiseptics for
prevention of cardiac
implantable electronic
device infections: A
historical-controlled
interventional trial
comparing aqueous
against alcoholic
povidone-iodine
solutions
Abstract
Aims: Local skin antisep
implantable electronic de
fully understood. This m
study sought to (i) condu
analysis comparing two a
two similar consecutive p
over a 1-year period usin
solution (Group I) and th
an alcoholic povidone-io
determine the predictive
2015
Da Costa A, Tulane C, Dauphinot V, Terreaux J,
Romeyer-Bouchard C, Gate-Martinet A,
Levallois M, Isaaz K.
Europace. 2015 Apr 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: C
device implantation was
A total of 32 pts (2.4%) d
Long-term follow-up (26
significant difference bet
observed in 14 of the 648
the 678 pts (2.7%) in Gro
multiple-variable logistic
performed to identify ris
(aORs) and 95% confide
calculated. The occurren
correlated with re-interve
19.99; P < 0.0001), numb
mean (aOR, 3.47; 95% C
haematoma (aOR, 48.4;
0.0001).
Conclusion: This study
povidone-iodine solution
effects regarding CIED i
predictive factors of CIE
haematoma, and number
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: The small
defibrillation lead has no
2007 due to its unusually
of lead fracture risk were
mainly in North America
Aim: We established a m
the lead fracture rate and
cohort of French patients
Factors predicting
Sprint Fidelis lead
fracture: Results at 5
years from a French
multicentre registry
Methods: Nine hundred
with a Sprint Fidelis lead
December 2004 and Nov
registry.
2015
Superior vena cava
echocardiography as a
screening tool to
2015
predict cardiovascular
implantable electronic
device lead fibrosis
Piot O, Deballon R, Nitu D, Marquié C, da Costa
A, Leclercq C, Defaye P, Sadoul N.
Results: Over a mean fo
Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;108:220-6.
mean fracture rate was 1
1.2% at 1year, 3.8% at 2
4years, and 20.7% at 5ye
younger age (<40years) w
of fracture compared to p
between 40-60years had
confidence interval [CI]
had a relative risk of 0.45
subpectoral implantation
2.35 (95% CI 1.29-4.28)
passive-fixation) had a re
10.7) compared with the
fixation). No other predic
Conclusions: In a large m
patients implanted with a
fracture rate remains hig
with submuscular implan
Link to Abstract on PubM
Yakish SJ, Narula A, Foley R, Kohut A, Kutalek
S.
J Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2015;23:27-31
Abstract
Background: Currently
modality used to risk stra
extractions. We report th
(SVC) echocardiography
Title
Year
Published
Citation
complex cardiac implant
lead extraction. With an
indications for cardiac de
deal with the complicatio
implanted device has als
Methods: This was a ret
echocardiography record
Electrophysiology/Devic
Images from 109 consec
Results: 62% (68/109) d
(41/109) had a CIED. In
(4/68) displayed turbulen
SVC, while 22% (9/41) o
turbulent flow. Fisher's e
significant difference bet
0.05). The CIED group w
based on device implant
Of the CIED implanted f
turbulent flow in the SVC
(0/8) with implant durati
turbulent flow. Nine pati
extraction. A turbulent co
identified all 3 patients th
SVC found during extrac
Safety and Efficacy of
the Totally
Subcutaneous
Implantable
Defibrillator: 2-Year
2015
Results From a Pooled
Analysis of the IDE
Study and
EFFORTLESS
Registry
Conclusion: Our data su
flow using color Doppler
noninvasive screening to
predicting complex proce
Link to Abstract on PubM
Burke MC, Gold MR, Knight BP, Barr CS,
Theuns DA, Boersma LV, Knops RE, Weiss R,
Leon AR, Herre JM, Husby M, Stein KM,
Lambiase PD.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65:1605-15.
Abstract
Background: The entire
cardioverter-defibrillator
defibrillator that avoids p
the heart. Two large pros
System IDE Clinical Inv
[Boston Scientific Post M
reported 6-month to 1-ye
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Objectives: The objectiv
the safety and efficacy of
population.
Methods: Data from the
were pooled. Shocks wer
complications were meas
classification scheme. En
to assess event rates over
Results: Eight hundred e
underwent implantation w
days. Spontaneous ventri
(VT)/ventricular fibrillat
treated in 59 patients; 10
with 1 shock, and 109 ev
within the 5 available sho
inappropriate shock rate
cause mortality was 4.7%
to 8.5%), with 26 deaths
complications occurred i
There were no electrode
endocarditis or bacterem
were replaced for right v
complication rate decrea
(Q1: 8.9%; Q4: 5.5%), a
reduction in inappropriat
Managing patients with
advisory defibrillator
leads: what can we
2015
learn from published
data?
Bracke FA, Van Gelder BM. Managing patients
with advisory defibrillator leads: what can we
learn from published data? Netherlands heart
journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands
Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart
Foundation. 2015;23(4):199-204.
doi:10.1007/s12471-015-0669-6.
Conclusions: The S-ICD
VT/VF. Complications a
reduced consistently with
operator experience incre
evidence for the safety an
Defibrillator lead advisor
with patients and physici
management. We review
evidence-based approach
From the complications o
leads, the Medtronic Spr
leads, and the consequen
can conclude that a restra
replacement is appropria
the leads during a schedu
Title
Year
Published
Citation
case of a higher electrica
future premature interven
We found no support to e
leads. In contrast, extract
than anticipated, and the
simply abandoning the le
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Removal o
implantable electronic de
morbidity and mortality.
classification scheme acc
transvenous lead remova
of using that scheme to g
operating room extractio
Outcomes and
Complications of Lead
Removal: Can We
Establish a Risk
2015
Stratification Schema
for a Collaborative and
Effective Approach?
Methods: Consecutive p
lead removal from 1/1 th
were retrospectively revi
Fu H, Huang XM, Zhong L, Osborn MJ,
Asirvatham SJ, Espinosa RE, Brady PA, Lee HC,
Greason KL, Baddour LM, Sohail RM, Aker NG, Results: A total of 1,378
Hodge DO, Friedman PA, Cha YM.
(age 64±17 years, M 68%
procedures. Mean (SD) l
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 21. [Epub Forty-four percent of lea
ahead of print]
extraction. Lead duration
cardioverter defibrillator
associated with the need
procedure failure (P<.00
complication rate was 1.9
associated with longer le
1.1-1.3; P<0.001). High
pacing or an >5-year-old
higher major events than
10-year-old or ICD lead
1-year-old) risk patients
respectively; P<0.001).
Conclusions: Transveno
successful, with few seri
Title
Year
Published
Citation
We propose a risk stratif
categorize patients as low
lead extraction. Such a st
extractions are best perfo
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Little data
following extraction of im
defibrillator (ICD) leads,
indications. We sought to
survival after ICD lead e
Methods: We retrospect
extractions at our institut
outcomes and long-term
medical records review.
Predictors of LongTerm Survival
Following Transvenous 2015
Extraction of
Defibrillator Leads.
Results: Indication for le
32.5% and lead failure in
Merchant FM, Levy MR, Kelli HM, Hoskins
oldest extracted lead was
MH, Lloyd MS, Delurgio DB, Langberg JJ, Leon
procedural success was a
AR, El-Chami MF.
procedure-related compl
six periprocedural deaths
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 10. [Epub
866 ± 798 days, survival
ahead of print]
patients with infection as
1 year after extraction, su
infection was 88.2%, com
failure cohort (P < 0.001
significant predictor of lo
excluding periprocedural
the presence of chronic k
of leads requiring extract
procedural failure were p
Conclusion: Despite hig
infectious indication for
with increased long-term
patients undergoing extra
survival was excellent. T
was a significant predicto
studies will be necessary
Title
Year
Published
Citation
mechanisms by which pr
impact long-term outcom
Link to Abstract on Pub
Abstract
Sudden and Fatal
Malfunction of a
Durata Defibrillator
Lead due to External
Insulation Failure.
Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ.
2015
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 21. [Epub
ahead of print]
Defibrillator lead malfun
complication, leading to
cardiac death in a high-ri
Recognition of lead-spec
development of focused
the case of the Riata lead
USA) or the Sprint Fidel
Minneapolis, MN, USA)
secondary to a Durata lea
A brief review of the lite
Medical implantable card
presented. Identification
potential sign of catastro
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Pulse generator
exchange does not
accelerate the rate of
electrical failure in a
recalled small caliber
ICD lead.
2015
Introduction: St. Jude R
were recalled by the FDA
failure. More than 227,00
least 79,000 patients still
have examined clinical p
Lovelock JD, Premkumar A, Levy MR, Mengistu leads, but none have add
A, Hoskins MH, El-Chami MF, Lloyd MS, Leon exchange on lead failure
AR, Langberg JJ, DeLurgio DB.
assess the effect of ICD g
electrical failure in the R
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Aug 19. [Epub
ahead of print]
Methods: A retrospectiv
patients who underwent
lead at one center. Patien
(with/with externalized c
exchange were compared
implanted for a compara
undergo generator replac
Results: Riata leads wer
prior to the recall and153
Title
Year
Published
Citation
generator exchange with
externalization was noted
ICD exchange cohort, wh
control group, 19.2% (p
first year after generator
not significantly differ fr
= 0.57). At change-out 5
(18.6 ± 0.9 J) that did no
voltage lead impedance (
Conclusions: Conductor
frequently in our cohort o
exchange did not acceler
at 1 year. Although, both
cohorts failed at a rate m
leads, generator exchang
problem.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Introduction: implantab
cause serious secondary
inappropriate ICD shock
identify the clinical facto
of LFs.
Predictive factors of
lead failure in patients
2015
implanted with cardiac
devices.
Aizawa Y, Negishi M, Kashimura S, Nakajima
K, Kunitomi A, Katsumata Y, Nishiyama
T, Kimura T, Nishiyama N, Fukumoto
K,Tanimoto Y, Kohsaka S, Takatsuki S, Fukuda
K.
Int J Cardiol. 2015;199:277-81.
Methods: A total of 735
(mean age 67±15years, m
university hospital settin
included. The implanted
pacemakers, 250 implant
(ICD), 9 cardiac resynch
(CRT-P), and 55 CRT de
primary endpoint was the
Results: During a mean
developed in 31 patients
included 32 ICD (7 Sprin
leads. Nine patients recei
and 1 had syncope due to
lead reinsertions with de
required opposite site im
occlusions. The predictiv
Title
Year
Published
Citation
male sex, taller body len
lead number, extra-thora
vs. a cut-down of the cep
and patients with idiopat
and Brugada syndrome (
Conclusion: LFs occurre
lesser age, the puncture m
diagnosis of IVF/BrS we
development of LFs.
Successful stent
implantation for
superior vena cava
injury during
transvenous lead
extraction.
2015
Xiaoying L, Brunner MP, Wilkoff BL, Martin
DO, Clair DG, Soltesz EG.
Heart Rhythm Case Reports. 2015;In press.
Abstract
Value of a Joint
Cardiac SurgeryCardiac
Electrophysiology
Approach.
2015
We report three cases of
extractions, requiring urg
Bernardes de Souza B, Benharash P, Esmailian F, Immediate sternotomy an
Bradfield J, Boyle NG.
possible because of an in
cardiac surgeon and card
perform these cases, and
J Card Surg. 2015;Oct 2. [Epub ahead of print]
this joint approach is ulti
patients undergoing lead
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Extracting versus
abandoning sterile
pacemaker and
defibrillator leads.
Rijal S, Shah RU, Saba S.
2015
Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:1107-10.
Nonfunctional or recalled
device leads can be revis
(LE) or lead capping (LC
decision and comparative
unclear. We reviewed da
patients who received LE
2006 to 2012. Patients w
removal were excluded.
device-related procedure
electronic device procedu
battery depletion, using a
adjusted for differences i
Secondary outcomes wer
Title
Year
Published
Citation
hospitalizations, and allreceived LE were young
operator with extraction
<0.001). Leads removed
nonextractors had longer
1.1 years, p <0.001). Ove
(interquartile range = 3.2
unanticipated device-rela
LE versus LC (hazard ra
0.62 to 1.75). Complicati
mortality rates were also
conclusion, lead revision
operator extraction exper
our analysis, we found n
the 2 strategies.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background:
The subcutaneous implan
(S-ICD) provides an alte
implantable cardioverter
undergoing TV-ICD exp
reimplantation with an S
safety outcomes in this c
Infection and mortality
after implantation of a
subcutaneous ICD after 2015
transvenous ICD
extraction.
Boersma L, Burke MC, Neuzil P, Lambiase P,
Friehling T, Theuns DA, Garcia F, Carter N,
Stivland T, Weiss R; EFFORTLESS and IDE
Study Investigators.
Objective:
This analysis was design
data from S-ICD patients
Heart Rhythm. 2015;Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print] TV-ICD explantation.
Methods:
Patients in the S-ICD ID
Registry with a prior TV
those with no prior impla
(ICD), were included. Pa
those implanted with the
for system-related infecti
after TV-ICD extraction
Title
Year
Published
Citation
related infection (n = 44)
(de novo implantations, n
Results:
Mean follow-up duration
mortality was low (3.2%
for TV-ICD infection we
and 49.9 ± 17.3 years in
de novo cohorts, respecti
to have received the ICD
(42.7%, 37.2% and 25.6%
percentages of comorbid
congestive heart failure,
hypertension, in line with
(6.7%). Major infection a
in all groups, with no evi
with the S-ICD after TVwere more likely to expe
Conclusion:
The S-ICD is a suitable a
whose devices are explan
Postimplantation risk of
patients whose devices w
infection.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Malfunction of cardiac
devices after
radiotherapy without
direct exposure to
2015
ionizing radiation:
mechanisms and
experimental data.
Aims: Malfunctions of c
devices (CIED) have bee
radiation therapy even in
Zecchin M, Morea G, Severgnini M, Sergi E,
ionizing radiation, due to
Baratto Roldan A, Bianco E, Magnani S, De Luca
soft errors in inner circui
A, Zorzin Fantasia A, Salvatore L, Milan V,
to analyse the effect of sc
Giannini G, Sinagra G.
types and models of CIE
malfunctions.
Europace. 2015;Sep 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: F
placed on an anthropomo
equivalent material, and
radiotherapy course (tota
Title
Year
Published
Citation
treatment was performed
before and after radiation
electromagnetic field, an
site were measured. Thir
implantable cardioverter
analysed. No malfunctio
After radiation a softwar
(52%) ICD and 6 (18%)
electromagnetic field or
in the thoracic region. Ne
by the presence of the 19
+ n) isotope activation; it
than in PM and non-sign
devices. A greater effect
Boston (9/11), and St Jud
models was observed; th
relevant in PM.
Conclusion: High-energ
malfunctions on CIED, p
direct exposure to ionizin
radiation of neutrons pro
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Initial experience with
the TightRail rotating
mechanical dilator
2016
sheath for transvenous
lead extraction.
Aims: In parallel with in
patients' longer life expe
lead extraction (TLE) as
shown a significant grow
to present our initial expe
novelTightRail™ Rotatin
Aytemir K, Yorgun H, Canpolat U, Sahiner ML,
Kaya EB, Evranos B, Ozer N.
Europace. 2016;18:1043-8
Methods and Results: B
2015, a total of 42 leads
our tertiary referral centr
>12 months old and indi
on the recommendations
The leads were removed
Mechanical Dilator Shea
with the rotational cuttin
removal included cardiac
cases, lead malfunction i
upgrade to cardiac resyn
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(CRT-D) in the remainin
devices were pacemaker
cardioverter-defibrillator
CRT in the remaining 6 (
leads, 10 (23.8%) were r
atrial, 13 (31.0%) were d
coronary sinus electrodes
implantation was 72 (18procedural success with
achieved in 22 (95.7%) p
clinical success was 100%
completely removed with
the patients were dischar
complication.
Conclusion: Our prelimi
show that TightRail™ M
useful tool for chronicall
(PM)/ICD leads. Continu
patient cohort is required
complication rates in com
techniques.
Link to Abstract on PubM
Abstract
Aims: We investigated t
bidirectional rotational m
(Evolution RL, Cook Me
Clinical performance of
a new bidirectional
2015
rotational mechanical
lead extraction sheath.
Starck CT, Steffel J, Caliskan E, Holubec T,
Schoenrath F, Maisano F, Falk V.
Europace. 2015;May 19. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: F
2014, we performed lead
patients with 112 leads s
this time period, we used
sheath in 40 patients on 5
28 implantable cardiover
for extraction. The mean
patients was 100.2 (22-2
right ventricular leads, 10
coronary sinus leads. Cli
approached with the Evo
Operative mortality was
not occur. Four minor co
(all pocket haematomas)
Title
Year
Published
Citation
were noted. In cases with
wrapping of companion
number of extraction too
the Evolution RL cohort.
Conclusion: Based on th
experience with the new
mechanical extraction de
with high success rates in
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: For each c
of transvenous lead extra
against the risks. Clinica
predicting mortality after
Objective: To create a p
prediction of 30-day all-c
pacemaker and defibrilla
Nomogram for
predicting 30-day allcause mortality after
2015
transvenous pacemaker
and defibrillator lead
extraction.
Methods: Consecutive p
Cleveland Clinic betwee
were included in the anal
predicting 30-day all-cau
Brunner MP, Yu C, Hussein AA, Tarakji KG,
baseline clinical variable
Wazni OM, Kattan MW, Wilkoff BL.
regression modeling. Dis
assessed by using bootstr
Heart Rhythm. 2015;Jul 17. [Epub ahead of print]
Continuous data are pres
percentile); categorical d
(percentage).
Results: A total of 5521
1384 [25.1%] defibrillato
2999 TLE procedures (p
30.2% female). Lead imp
years and 2.0 (1.0, 2.0) le
procedure. Sixty-seven p
days after TLE. Variable
value for 30-day all-caus
mass index, hemoglobin,
ventricular ejection fract
functional class, extractio
Title
Year
Published
Citation
lead extractions performe
of a dual-coil defibrillato
to create a nomogram wi
concordance index value
Conclusions: Thirty-day
can be assessed with goo
readily available clinical
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Objectives: The use of c
device (CIED; pacemake
defibrillators [ICD], card
[CRT]) implantation, one
arrhythmias, is increasin
related to implants are th
and patient morbidity. W
of infectious complicatio
device implantation and
infectious complications
Incidence of and risk
factors for infectious
complications in
patients with cardiac
device implantation.
2015
Methods: A retrospectiv
patients (61.5±14.2 years
Ann HW, Ahn JY, Jeon YD, Jung IY, Jeong SJ,
device implantation from
Joung B, Lee M, Ku NS, Han SH, Kim JM, Choi
analyzed the incidence o
JY.
the follow-up period. To
associated with infectiou
Int J Infect Dis. 2015;36:9-14.
1:2 matched case-control
complications and contro
complications who had t
physician.
Results: Among 1307 pa
device-related infection:
with infective endocardit
years, the incidence of in
1.3/1000 device-years, b
infection. ICD (5.1/1000
incidence of infectious c
devices, and no infectiou
among patients with CRT
from the time of implant
Title
Year
Published
Citation
years. In a multivariate a
procedures including wo
an independent risk facto
(OR=10.88, 95% CI 1.11
Conclusions: Infection w
device implantation, but
associated with infectiou
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Several ris
related complications hav
study has investigated th
on pacemaker-related co
Impact of Pacemaker
Lead Characteristics on
Pacemaker Related
Infection and Heart
2015
Perforation: A
Nationwide PopulationBased Cohort Study.
Lin YS, Chen TH, Hung SP, Chen DY, Mao CT,
Tsai ML, Chang ST, Wang CC, Wen MS, Chen
MC.
PLoS One. 2015;10:e0128320.
Methods and Results: P
pacemaker implant from
were selected from the T
Database. This populatio
pacemaker lead characte
insulation. The impact of
early heart perforation w
logistic regression analys
characteristics on early a
perforation over a three-y
Cox regression. This stud
a mean age of 73.4±12.5
late heart perforations, th
differences between grou
fixation and insulations.
regression analysis, the p
was significantly lower i
compared to either the bo
0.07-0.80; P = 0.020) or
0.26; 95% CI, 0.08-0.83;
Conclusions: There was
between active and passi
leads were associated wi
related infection.
Link to abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Abstract
Background: The Sprin
implantable cardioverter
recalled for premature fa
Objective: Data on SF a
therefore, we performed
safety and efficacy of lea
lead families.
Outcomes of Sprint
Fidelis and Riata lead
2015
extraction: Data from 2
high-volume centers.
Methods: We retrospect
patients undergoing trans
leads at Emory Universit
Pittsburgh Medical Cente
2013. Patients were place
presence of an SF or RT
major procedural compli
urgent cardiac surgery, a
El-Chami MF, Merchant FM, Levy M, Alam MB,
hemothorax that required
Rattan R, Hoskins MH, Langberg JJ, Delurgio D,
Lloyd MS, Leon AR, Saba S.
Results: A total of 462 p
recalled leads (SF, n = 36
Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:1216-20.
number of leads extracte
than in the SF group (1.8
there was a longer impla
± 2.5 vs 4.3 ± 2.0 years,
success was higher in the
=.024). Clinical success
97.1%, P = .075). There
complications in the enti
major complications was
RT groups (SF 1.1% vs R
mortality was 0.65%, wi
groups
Conclusion: Our data fro
suggest that extraction of
with excellent clinical su
procedural complications
User-reported abrasion2015
related lead failure is
Shah AD, Hirsh DS, Langberg JJ.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Title
Year
Published
more common with
Durata compared to
other implantable
cardiac defibrillator
leads.
Citation
Heart Rhythm. 2015;Jul 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Background: Following
abrasion with the St Jude
implantable cardiac defib
introduced with modifica
abrasion resistance. Rece
insulation failures of the
Objective: To determine
related failure are presen
Methods: The Food and
Manufacturer and User F
database was queried for
the Durata lead from 201
other ICD leads. Inciden
characteristics were com
Results: The estimated i
significantly higher for th
Boston Scientific Endota
The mode of abrasion wa
compared to "inside-out"
Full-thickness abrasion w
defibrillate or inappropri
failure of therapy or deat
Conclusions: The findin
insulation failures of the
modifications. External a
to the adjacent lead withi
common etiology. Shock
undetected abrasion, resu
Data are presented indica
to abrasion risk. This lim
ongoing scrutiny of Dura
inspection of Durata lead
is warranted, as are vigor
information about termin
leads.
Link to abstract on PubM
Transvenous
implantable
cardioverter-
2015
Kramer DB, Hatfield LA, McGriff D, Ellis CR,
Gura MT, Samuel M, Retel LK, Hauser RG.
Abstract
Title
Year
Published
defibrillator lead
reliability: implications
for postmarket
surveillance.
Citation
J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4:e001672.
Background: As implan
technology evolves, clini
performance data on curr
cardioverter-defibrillator
reliability data could info
strategies directed by reg
Methods and Results: W
Quattro, Boston Scientifi
Durata and Riata ST Opt
participating center phys
and September 1, 2012. O
patients (median age 65,
1819 Medtronic, and 389
median of 3.2 years, lead
(95% CI, 0.19 to 0.43), w
difference among manuf
these results suggest that
differences among gener
nearly 10 000 patients or
Conclusions: Currently
cardioverter-defibrillator
reassuring to clinicians a
benefits of transvenous i
defibrillator systems. Re
sample size implications
effectiveness studies and
preventing sudden cardia
Latin American
Registry On
Implantable Cardiac
Device Infection
2015
Gender And Age
Related Differences In
Implantable
2015
Defibrillator
Recipients: Results
From The Pacemaker
Aguinaga L, Dubner S, Albornoz H, Lombide I,
Fenelon G, Baranc A.
http://www.jafib.com
Feldman A, Kersten D, Chung J, Asheld W,
Germano J, Islam S, Cohen T.
http://www.jafib.com
Link to abstract on PubM
Background: Implantab
well-recognized complic
to systematically evaluat
Centers. The aim of this
prevalence of implantabl
management in Latin Am
Introduction: This study
gender and age on defibr
Title
And Implantable
Defibrillator Leads
Survival Study
(“PAIDLESS”)
Mechanisms Of Lead
Failure In The
Pacemaker And
Defibrillator Lead
Survival Study
(“Paidless”)
Outcomes Of
Defibrillator Lead
Implants Performed By
High Volume Versus
Low Volume
Operators: Results
From The Pacemaker
And Implantable
Defibrillator Leads
Survival Study
(“Paidless”)
The Impact Of
Receiving Two
Recalled Defibrillator
Leads On Lead Failure
And Survival: Results
From The Pacemaker
And Implantable
Defibrillator Leads
Survival Study
(“PAIDLESS”)
Infection control in
implantation of cardiac
implantable electronic
devices: current
evidence, controversial
points, and unresolved
issues
Usefulness Of Spect-Ct
With Radioisotope
Labeled Leucocytes
For Diagnosis Of Lead-
Year
Published
2015
Citation
Feldman A, Asheld W, Kersten D, Chung J,
Brahmbhatt K, Germano J, Islam S, Cohen T.
http://www.jafib.com/
2015
2015
Introduction: This study
lead failure among three
(BSC), Medtronic (MDT
Feldman A, Chung J, Kersten D, Islam S, Asheld
W, Germano J, Cohen T.
Introduction: This study
operator volume on impl
http://www.jafib.com/
Kersten D, Feldman A, Chung J, Islam S,
Brahmbhatt K, Asheld W, Germano J, Cohen T.
http://www.jafib.com/
Introduction: This study
mortality in patients with
recalled leads implanted.
Korantzopoulos P, Sideris S, Dilaveris
P, Gatzoulis K, Goudevenos JA.
2015
Europace Advance Access published October 29,
2015.
2015
Malecka B, Zabek A, Szot W, Boczar K, Debski
M, Lelakowski J, Kostkiewicz M.
http://www.jafib.com/
Introduction: Our aim w
accuracy of SPECT-CT w
leucocytes (SCY) in pati
Title
Year
Published
Dependent Infective
Endocarditis
Differences In Risk
Factors Of Pm/Icd
Pocket Infection And
Lead Dependent
2015
Infective Endocarditis
In Patients Qualified
For Transvenous Lead
Extraction
Feasibility, Efficacy
And Safety Of
Percutaneous Retrieval 2015
Of A Leadless Cardiac
Pacemaker
Citation
Małecka B, Wysokiński A.
http://www.jafib.com/
Sperzel J, Khairkahan A, Ligon D.
http://www.jafib.com/
Introduction: Evaluatio
pocket infection (PI) and
endocarditis (LDIE) in p
lead extraction (TLE).
Introduction & Purpos
technology is an emergin
therapy to the right ventr
advantages. In this study
safety and effectiveness
pacemaker (LCP) in an i
Abstract
Aims: The Evolution she
sheath with a cutting scre
rotation. It has been repo
chronic lead extraction. W
efficacy of this system.
Lead extractions: the
Zwolle experience with
2015
the Evolution
mechanical sheath.
Europace. 2015;Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Delnoy PP, Witte OA, Adiyaman A, Ghani A,
Smit JJ, Ramdat Misier AR, Elvan A.
Methods and Results: F
extractions requiring the
prospectively examined.
extracted. The first 57 le
original unidirectional sh
were extracted with the b
to the current guidelines,
defined as the removal o
Clinical success was the
lead, and failure was the
complete procedural or c
development of any perm
The Evolution sheath wa
patients. The median age
was 8.0 years (median 6.
minimum: 0.6 and maxim
success rate of 98% and
88%. Complete procedur
type Evolution sheath(96
Title
Year
Published
Citation
21 (19%) implantable ca
(20%) right ventricular p
leads, and 8 (7%) left ven
major complications and
There was no need for th
snares.
Conclusion: Use of Evo
to be safe and effective, w
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Transveno
significant progress with
and safety. However, lim
in utilization and adverse
considerable experience
was to examine utilizatio
of adverse events and inf
complications.
Trends in Use and
Adverse Outcomes
Associated with
2015
Transvenous Lead
Removal in the United
States.
Methods and Results: U
Sample (NIS), we identif
Circulation. 2015;132:2363-71.
investigated common com
complications (hemoperi
Deshmukh A, Patel N, Noseworthy PA, Patel AA, pericardiocentesis), pneu
Patel N, Arora S, Badheka A, Kapa S, Mulpuru S, complications (consisting
Noheria A, Fischer A, Coffey JO, Cha
incidents requiring surgic
YM,Friedman P, Asirvatham S, Viles-Gonzalez puncture), and in-hospita
JF.
defining them by the vali
of Diseases (9th Edition)
CM) diagnosis code. We
death (2.2%), hemorrhag
vascular complications (2
(1.4%), open heart surge
respiratory failure (2.4%
complications were fema
Hospital volume was not
higher complications. Th
overall complication rate
Conclusions: The overal
undergoing TLR was hig
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Female gender and devic
higher complications. Ho
not associated with highe
of adverse events in the l
the actual number of com
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
When You Have
Nowhere to Look, You 2015
Look Where You Can.
Circulation. 2015;Nov 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Maytin M, Epstein LM.
While many physicians i
electronic devices (CIED
transvenous lead extracti
inconsistent and, at times
management. Despite cle
lead extraction for infect
receive multiple debridem
for device-related infecti
system upgrade and lead
often added, sometimes i
frequently resulting in th
Why are more of these p
lead extraction? In many
unfounded fear of the pro
gap. In a survey perform
Springs, CO), cardiologi
complication rate associa
itself to be greater than 5
nearly 1.5%. Henrikson a
similar survey among 25
whom identified themsel
similar observations. Mo
perceived the morbidity
≥2% and close to 30% of
be ≥5%. Among the grou
with TLE was similarly p
the surprising prepondera
the group. It is not surpri
referred if this is the imp
clinicians addressing the
and lead management, 50
failed to correctly identif
recommendations for dev
>60% of respondents ide
performing TLE. Clearly
Title
Year
Published
Citation
education, both of which
Circulation, Deshmukh a
recognize that "limited d
utilization and adverse o
considerable experience"
available data with obser
descriptive study utilizin
database.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Despite th
of implantable cardiover
clinical practice, concern
regarding ICD leaddurab
specific lead designs and
populations need clarific
Transvenous
Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillator (ICD)
2015
Lead Performance: A
Meta-Analysis of
Observational Studies.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4:e002418.
Providência R, Kramer DB, Pimenta D, Babu
GG, Hatfield LA, Ioannou A, Novak J, Hauser
RG, Lambiase PD.
Methods and Results: T
Cochrane Collaboration
studies including ≥2 of th
leads. The Mantel-Haens
used. Seventeen studies w
49 871 patients-5538 imp
Medical Inc), 10 605 wit
Scientific), 16 119 with S
11 709 with Sprint Fideli
with Riata (St. Jude Med
509 lead-years. Although
numerically higher rate,
differences in the mean i
0.45% per year) were ob
nonrecalled leads. A high
with the Riata (1.0% per
(>2.0% per-year increase
nonrecalled leads. An ind
Durata lead failure versu
Reliance leads was obser
allowing for comparison
but this requires further e
Conclusions: Endotak R
and Durata (7F) leads dis
Title
Year
Published
Citation
failure; however, long-te
More data are needed to
safety of the Durata lead
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: A steady r
of cardiovascular implan
particularly in the elderly
related infections. Althou
a single entity, these com
heterogeneous group. Sp
associated with distinct m
Differences of
Mortality Rates
between Pocket and
Nonpocket
2015
Cardiovascular
Implantable Electronic
Device Infections.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Sep 9. [Epub
ahead of print]
Lee DH, Gracely EJ, Aleem SY, Kutalek
SP, Vielemeyer O.
Methods: Medical recor
device extraction for CIE
tertiary referral center be
reviewed. Infections wer
primary pocket site infec
with bacteremia, primary
device-related infective e
presentation, laboratory d
obtained by chart review
Security Death Index.
Results: A total of 387 c
in-hospital and 1-year all
and 25.3%, respectively.
significantly higher mort
95% confidence interval
1.6-4.1, respectively) wh
PPSI group. Patients who
new device during the in
1-year mortality rate com
95% CI 1.8-4.1).
Conclusions: Our patien
related infections requiri
a significant mortality ris
infection carried a more
the presence of bacterem
prevention of CIED-relat
Title
Year
Published
Citation
no pocket site involveme
populations, is needed.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: With the i
of HIV+ patients in the U
between HIV and cardio
the use of Cardiac Impla
(CIEDs) in patients with
With the increasing incid
complications, lead extra
importance in this popula
devices increases in the H
are to be expected; theref
the HIV population must
Clinical Outcomes of
Patients with HIV
Undergoing Lead
2015
Extraction for
Infectious and NonInfectious Indications.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;Oct 30. [Epub
ahead of print]
Cohen JA, Govea A, Carrillo RG.
Methods: From January
1018 patients requiring l
single, high-volume terti
this group of patients, 10
reviewed the charts of th
reported clinical variable
Results: Infection was th
for lead extraction and de
in advanced heart failure
fraction of the sample po
addition, the majority of
comorbidities. Devices r
were implantable cardiov
pacemakers, and cardiac
devices. On average, 35.
implantation of the oldes
There were no major or m
procedures were clinicall
Conclusions: Laser lead
effective in patients with
of clinical precedent rega
infection or malfunction
Link to abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Abstract
Aims: Benefits of cardia
(CRT) are well known fo
patients might experienc
coronary sinus (CS) lead
nerve stimulation, and di
impact on quality of life,
stability is one of the mo
procedures.
The novel active
fixation coronary sinus
lead: efficacy and
2015
safety of transvenous
extraction procedure.
Europace. 2015;Oct 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Bontempi L, Vassanelli F, Ashofair N, Inama
L, Mariggiò D, Cerini M, Curnis A.
Methods and Results: R
20066 Attain Stability®
Netherlands) active fixat
overcome this issue. The
0.20 mm (0.008 in.) that
the lead within the vein a
our first experience with
this novel active fixation
Conclusion: In our case,
reported in humans, the e
of active fixation lead wa
effective procedure at 8 m
Indeed, under angiograph
was no documented disse
during and after removal
manoeuvre was effective
traction of the lead itself.
Management of a
previously unreported
implantable
cardioverterdefibrillator lead
complication.
Coronary Sinus Lead
Extraction
Europace. 2015;Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]
2015
Mendenhall GS, Saba S, Voigt A.
Cronin EM, Wilkoff BL.
2015
Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2015;7:661-71.
Link to abstract on PubM
A 68-year-old male with
cardioverter-defibrillator
technically challenging e
Fidelis lead at the time o
generator. During implan
55 cm defibrillator lead,
Link to Europace [login
Abstract
Expanded indications for
therapy and the increasin
Title
Year
Published
Citation
implantable electronic de
increased need for coron
The CS presents unique a
successful lead extraction
requirements for CS lead
for other leads. Here we
and results of CS lead ex
and complications are sim
leads, although multiple
implantation options may
incorporated into pre-pro
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: The best c
patients with routine imp
(ICD) is not settled. Trad
dual-coil leads but the us
increasing.
Objective: The purpose
clinical outcomes in pati
leads.
Single-coil and dualcoil defibrillator leads
and association with
2015
clinical outcomes in a
complete Danish
nationwide ICD cohort
Larsen JM, Hjortshøj SP, Nielsen JC, Johansen
JB, Petersen HH, Haarbo J, Johansen
MB, Margrethe Thøgersen A.
Heart Rhythm. 2015;Nov 21. [Epub ahead of
print]
Methods: All 4769 Dani
first-time ICD implants f
from the Danish Pacema
Defibrillator leads were 3
61.1% dual-coil leads. T
cause mortality. Seconda
successful energy at imp
shock failure in spontane
failure, and lead extractio
Results: Single-coil lead
cause mortality with an a
confidence interval 0.73robust in a supplementar
analysis. However, dualwith slightly higher preim
residual confounding by
explanation for the obser
type and mortality. The l
Title
Year
Published
Citation
energy was higher using
22.1 ± 3.9 J; P < .001). N
observed for other secon
shock efficacies and low
extraction complications
Conclusion: Shock effic
systems. The choice betw
defibrillator leads is unli
significant impact on pat
implants.
Link to abstract on PubM
Transvenous Lead
Extraction of Cardiac
Implantable Electronic 2015
Devices: Who, When,
How and Where?
Hussein AA, Wilkoff BL.
Link to article [login req
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2016;69:3-6.
Abstract
Surgical management
of infected cardiac
implantable electronic
devices
2016
Chaudhry UA, Harling L, Ashrafian
H, Athanasiou C, Tsipas P, Kokotsakis
J, Athanasiou T.
Int J Cardiol. 2016;203:714-21.
The growing use of cardi
(CIED) has led to infecti
are traditionally managed
transvenous approach to
Indications for such strat
range from simple tractio
extraction tools including
attempts fail, or if there a
there may be need for a c
Limited evidence is curre
individual strategies, and
case reports or series. Mo
bypass, cardioplegic arre
atrium to allow direct vis
safely explant all CIED c
perforation, valvular and
review, we describe a nu
challenges faced by surg
CIED. It is clear that futu
creating clear consensus
risks and measures of eff
surgical techniques.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Introduction: Lead failu
common complications i
cardiovascular implantab
cause serious secondary
inappropriate ICD shock
identify the clinicalfactor
of LFs.
Predictive factors of
lead failure in patients
2015
implanted with cardiac
devices.
Methods: A total of 735
(mean age 67±15years, m
university hospital settin
included. The implanted
pacemakers, 250 implant
(ICD), 9 cardiacresynchr
(CRT-P), and 55 CRT de
Aizawa Y, Negishi M, Kashimura S, Nakajima K, primary endpoint was the
Kunitomi A, Katsumata Y, Nishiyama T, Kimura
T, Nishiyama N, Fukumoto K, Tanimoto Y,
Results: During a mean
Kohsaka S, Takatsuki S, Fukuda K.
developed in 31 patients
included 32 ICD (7 Sprin
Int J Cardiol. 2015;199:277-81.
leads. Nine patients recei
and 1 had syncope due to
All patients underwent le
replacements. Eight patie
implantations due to ven
The predictive factors of
taller body length, ICD v
lesser lead number, extra
vein vs. a cut-down of th
leads and patients with id
(IVF) and Brugada syndr
Conclusion: LFs occurre
lesser age, the puncture m
diagnosis of IVF/BrS we
development of LFs.
Device Pocket Scar
Predicts Transvenous
2015
Maytin M, John RM, Epstein LM.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract: The challenge
extraction (TLE) of card
Title
Year
Published
Lead Extraction
Difficulty
Citation
J Innov Card Rhythm Man. 2015;6:2173-7.
devices (CIEDs) are prin
foreign body response to
understanding, predictors
formation have not been
evaluate if the severity o
endovascular scar and TL
prospective analysis of c
TLE. Patient and procedu
of pocket scar severity, o
difficulty, extraction tim
sheaths (ESs) used are re
regression analyses were
association between pock
endpoint and subjective d
operator, respectively. B
February 2012, 144 patie
assessment of pocket sca
mean age 62±16 years. A
84±53 months. Indicatio
35%, malfunction 30%, u
incremental increase in p
associated with a twofold
2.03; 95% CI 1.005–4.11
correlated significantly w
procedural difficulty (r=0
of TLE difficulty (1–10)
severity of CIED pocket
the scar in the device poc
use and long extraction t
of extraction difficulty. C
predict TLE difficulty.
Link to article on The Jo
Rhythm Management we
Abstract
Lead Integrity Alert Is
Useful for Assessment
2015
of Performance of
Biotronik Linox Leads
Steinberg C Padfield GJ, Hahn E, Flavelle
S, McILROY C, VAN Bremen O, Yeung-LaiWah JA, Kerr CR, Deyell MW, Tung
SK, Andrade JG, Bennett MT, Bashir JG, Krahn
AD, Chakrabarti S.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:1340-5.
Introduction: Medtronic
software algorithm is use
parameters across variou
utility in the assessment
of high-voltage (HV) lea
Methods: We conducted
assess the performance o
Title
Year
Published
Citation
abnormalities and lead fa
LIA-enabled Medtronic d
Linox lead were included
2 blinded electrophysiolo
data.
Results: Between 2008 a
with 564 patient-years of
analysis. The median fol
41 months). Twenty-one
different patients. The m
was 32 months (IQR 21year lead survival free fr
percent (19/20) LIA aler
most common LIA trigge
(85%) and nonsustained
Abrupt changes of the IC
5/20 triggers. Inappropri
associated with a positiv
Of the explanted Linox l
abnormalities. The sensit
predictive value for lead
trigger were 87%, 99.5%
Conclusions: A positive
ICD-leads is highly pred
is useful in ongoing surv
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
The analysis of
indications and early
results of transvenous
lead extraction in
patients with a
pacemaker, ICD and
CRT - single-center
experience
2015
Zabek A, Malecka B, Haberka K, Boczar
K, Pfitzner R, Debski M, Lelakowski J.
Acta Cardiol. 2015;70:685-92.
Introduction: Transveno
recognized method of tre
stimulation complication
Objectives: The objectiv
the indications and prese
TLE procedures in a grou
systems.
Patients and Methods:
stimulation (at least 12 m
Title
Year
Published
Citation
qualified for the research
complications of TLE pr
Results: Two hundred p
86.2 years) were enrolled
76.2 months (2.1-327.4)
The indications for TLE
endocarditis in 13 cases (
cases (14.5%), lead dama
upgrade of device system
traction was used to remo
(23.7%). A femoral appr
leads (1.4%). Two hundr
extracted using the mech
subclavian approach. Las
electrosurgical sheath we
success was achieved in
success was 98.5%. Com
patients): minor and maj
patients) and 2.5% (5 cas
index (BMI) was associa
complications.
Conclusions: The domin
was lead dysfunction. Tr
high success rate and a lo
increased the complicatio
Link to the abstract on P
Abstract
One-Year Follow-Up
of Patients Undergoing
Transvenous Extraction 2015
of Pacemaker and
Defibrillator Leads
Kempa M, Budrejko S, Piepiorka-Broniecka
M, Rogowski J, Kozlowski D, Raczak G.
PLoS One. 2015;10:e0144915.
Introduction: The numb
implantations has increas
years. Therefore, compli
greater number. In many
the previously implanted
the only solution. One m
information about the eff
procedure, but data conc
term follow up are still li
Aim: The aim of the stud
year mortality in the coh
Title
Year
Published
Citation
of patients undergoing tr
procedures in our centre.
Methods: Records of
the patients undergoing t
Department of Cardiolog
Medical University of G
collected detailed inform
undergone the procedure
2012. Data were collecte
records. We analyzed co
and possible complicatio
were gathered in the follo
over-the-phone interview
several cases, we consult
National Health Fund.
Results: During the early
5 patients died, although
associated with the proce
complications were obse
up other 5 patients died,
year survival rate of 92.7
and an infective indicatio
with increased mortality.
Conclusion: Results of t
relatively safe procedure
extending beyond the sol
complications may be de
observed only during the
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Cardiovascular
implantable electronic
device lead extraction:
2016
evidence, techniques,
results, and future
directions
Sadek MM, Goldstein W, Epstein AE, Schaller
RD.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2016;31:23-8.
Purpose of Review: Car
electronic devices are wi
arrhythmias, prevent sud
symptoms and cardiac fu
growth and expanding in
progressive increase in th
implantable electronic de
this growth, an increasin
removal because of a var
Title
Year
Published
Citation
lead extraction continues
and risk-management str
the indications, techniqu
future directions of arrhy
extraction.
Recent Findings: Indica
in light of newly publish
reimplantation has been
localized pocket infectio
Alternative extraction tec
and internal jugular vein
for device removal as sta
of difficult extraction via
Preprocedural imaging to
cardiac perforation can h
Routine capsulectomy at
to reduce the risk of devi
are underway to assess o
infections as part of a lea
Summary: Improvemen
of extraction and preproc
to procedural efficacy an
of lead extraction.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Reimplantation surgery
in patients with
implantable
2016
cardioverter
defibrillators: A
qualitative study
Objective: The purpose
experience of
recurrent surgery for pati
defibrillators (ICD).
Jakub KE, Sandelowski M.
Heart Lung. 2016;45:48-55.
Background: Device rep
every 4-7 years due to ba
recurrentsurgery may be
pocket infection.
Methods: Ethnographic
collection with 23 ICD re
and 11 women, 26-85 ye
using a with-in case and
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Results: Three major the
Anticipation regarding im
themes of logistics and s
regarding replacement, a
Relinquishing control an
perceptions related to the
periods.
Conclusions: The freque
ICD reimplantation diffe
interventions. Perception
experiences and present
differences. Recipients a
longsurgery aided by the
professionals.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Considerations for
cardiac device lead
extraction
Wazni O, Wilkoff BL.
2016
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016 Jan 29. [Epub ahead of
print]
Extraction of cardiovascu
electronic device leads is
been implanted for >1 ye
standard stylet. The num
greatly increased over th
growing demand for prim
in ageing populations, an
revisions for complicatio
safety alerts. In this Revi
indications and technique
consideration is given to
vegetations, recalled lead
in the coronary sinus. W
relevant and contempora
outcomes of lead extract
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Long-Term Outcomes
Following Transvenous 2016
Lead Extraction
Gomes S, Cranney G, Bennett M, Giles R.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2016 Jan 14. [Epub
ahead of print]
Background: Complicat
implantable electronic de
require transvenous lead
term follow up of patient
Title
Year
Published
Citation
mortality, recurrent devic
procedures.
Methods and Results: C
TLE at a high volume ce
characteristics, indication
were extracted from 510
was 98.2% and complete
with one intra-procedura
5.5+/-4.9 years (range 0.
mortality was 3.3% at 30
at 1 year and 33.0% at 10
increased long term mort
infection (CDI) [33% vs
0.0003], procedural com
complications; χ² 4.2, P =
in patients who died vs 6
and impaired renal funct
umol/L in patients who d
0.001). The rate of CDI a
months post extraction, r
higher in patients with re
3.0% % with complete re
Conclusion: Long term
particularly in those with
complications, advanced
Retained fragments are a
extraction.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Extraction of
Chronically Implanted
Coronary Sinus Leads 2016
Active Fixation vs.
Passive Fixation Leads
Background: The Medtr
left ventricular (LV) lead
Crossley GH, Sorrentino RA, Exner DV, Merliss provides additional supp
AD, Tobias SM, Martin DO, Augostini R, Piccini the coronary sinus (CS) v
JP, Schaerf R, Li S, Miller CT, Adler SW.
lead has been shown to h
CS, concerns regarding i
Heart Rhythm. 2016 Jan 29. [Epub ahead of print]
Objective: To prospectiv
efficacy of extraction of
Medtronic CS leadsin a p
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Methods: Patients under
CS leads for standard ind
enrolled and studied. The
were the removal succes
complication rates. Patie
post procedure.
Results: The overall LV
97.6%(n=205). Among 4
4195 leads, there were 37
as compared to 98.8% fo
However, in 2 of the thre
standard extraction techn
of the 4195 leads that ha
months were extracted w
Conclusions: In the larg
lead extraction study to d
for extraction of chronica
and the complication rate
models. The extraction o
challenging, but it can be
volume extraction center
recommended that the St
experienced operators.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Aims: To determine the
risk factors of cardiac de
Hospital.
Characteristics of
cardiac device
infections in the Isala
Hospital; a large
volume tertiary care
cardiology centre
2016
Steenmeijer R, Adiyaman A, Demirel F, Schram
HC, Smit JJ, Delnoy PP, Ramdat Misier
AR, Elvan A.
Neth Heart J. 2016;24:199-203.
Methods: We retrospect
underwent cardiac device
cardiac catheterization la
2010 to 2012. All patient
infection were reviewed
Results: 31/2026 patient
infection (1.5%). One (3
of hospitalisation. Devic
the catheterisation lab an
(p = 0.60). Positive cultu
Title
Year
Published
Citation
cases. These consisted pr
that are part of the skin f
between device procedur
months (range 0-79). Car
significantly associated w
revisions in patients with
revisions in patients with
and placement of a left v
implantations (59% of pa
without device infection,
Conclusion: The frequen
was 1.5% with a mortalit
is lower compared with o
registries. Cardiac device
with device revisions and
leads in pacemaker impla
Link to abstract on PubM
Ströker E, de Asmundis C, Vanduynhoven P, De
Vadder K, De Vusser P, Mullens W, Chierchia
GB, Brugada P, Czapla J, La Meir M, Wellens F,
Van Herendael H, Rivero-Ayerza M.
Am J Cardiol. 2016;117:807-12.
Long-Term
Performance of the
Riata/ST Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillator Lead.
2016
Abstract
Riata and Riata ST implantable cardioverterdefibrillator leads are prone to structural and
electrical failure (EF). Our objective was to
evaluate Riata/ST lead performance over a longterm follow-up. Of 184 patients having undergone
Riata/ST and Riata ST Optim lead implantation
from September 2003 to June 2008, 154 patients
were evaluated for EF and radiographic conductor
externalization (CE). Survival analysis for EF was
performed for Riata/ST leads, both for failure-free
lead survival and cumulative hazard. Subanalysis
on 7Fr leads was performed to evaluate EF and
CE rates both for different Riata ST lead
management (monitoring vs proactive) and
between Riata ST and Riata ST Optim leads.
During a mean follow-up of 7 years, Riata/ST lead
EF rate was 13% overall. Similar failure-free
Title
Year
Published
Citation
survival rate was noted for 7Fr as for 8Fr leads
(log-rank, p = 0.63). Of all failed leads, 64% failed
only after 5 years of follow-up. Compared with
the absolute failure rate of 1.84% per device year,
cumulative hazard analysis for leads surviving
past 5 years revealed an estimated failure rate of
7% per year. No clinical or procedural predictors
for EF were found. The subanalysis on 7Fr leads
showed an excellent outcome both for a proactive
lead management approach as for Optim leads. In
conclusion, long-term survival of the Riata/ST
lead is impaired with an accelerating EF risk over
time. An initial exponential trend was followed by
a linear lead failure pattern for leads surviving past
5 years, corresponding to an estimated 7% annual
EF rate. These findings may have repercussions on
the lead management strategy in patients currently
surviving with a Riata/ST lead to prevent
significant clinical events like inappropriate
shocks or failed device interventions.
Link to abstract on PubMed
Cano Ó, Andrés A, Alonso P, Osca J, SanchoTello MJ, Olagüe J, Martínez-Dolz L.
Europace. 2016 Feb 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Incidence and
predictors of clinically
relevant cardiac
perforation associated
with systematic
implantation of active- 2016
fixation pacing and
defibrillation leads: a
single-centre
experience with over
3800 implanted leads.
Abstract
Aims: Active-fixation leads have been associated
with higher incidence of cardiac perforation.
Large series specifically evaluating this
complication are lacking. We sought to evaluate
the incidence and predictors of clinically relevant
cardiac perforation in a consecutive series of
patients implanted with active-fixation pacing and
defibrillation leads.
Methods and Results: We conducted a
retrospective observational study including all
consecutive patients implanted with an activefixation pacing/defibrillation lead at our institution
from July 2008 to July 2015. The incidence of
clinically relevant cardiac perforation and cardiac
Title
Year
Published
Citation
tamponade was evaluated. Univariate and
multivariate analyses were used to identify
predictors of cardiac perforation. Acute and longterm management of these patients was also
investigated. A total of 3822 active-fixation
pacing (n = 3035) and defibrillation (n = 787)
leads were implanted in 2200 patients. Seventeen
patients (0.8%) had clinically relevant cardiac
perforation (13 acute and 4 subacute perforations),
and 13 (0.5%) had cardiac tamponade resolved
with pericardiocentesis. None of the patients with
cardiac perforation required surgical treatment. In
multivariate analysis, an age >80 years (OR 3.84,
95% CI 1.14-12.87, P = 0.029), female sex (OR
3.14, 95% CI 1.07-9.22, P = 0.037), and an apical
position of the right ventricular lead (OR 3.37,
95% CI 1.17-9.67, P = 0.024) were independent
predictors of cardiac perforation.
Conclusions: Implantation of active-fixation leads
is associated with a low incidence of clinically
relevant cardiac perforation. Older and female
patients have a higher risk of perforation as well
as those patients receiving the ventricular lead in
an apical position.
Link to abstract on PubMed
Amraoui S, Tlili G, Sohal M, Berte B, Hindié E,
Ritter P, Ploux S, Denis A, Derval N, Rinaldi CA,
Cazanave C, Jais P, Haissaguerre M, Bordenave
L, Bordachar P.
Contribution of PET
Imaging to the
Diagnosis of Septic
Embolism in Patients
with Pacing Lead
Endocarditis.
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016;9:283-90.
2016
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to
investigate the role of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose
(FDG) positron emission tomography
(PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning in
identifying septic embolism in patients with lead
endocarditis.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Background: Lead endocarditis may be
associated with septic embolism, in which case the
administration mode, type, and duration of
antibiotic therapy must be adapted. However,
diagnosis can be challenging: magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) cannot be performed in the vast
majority of patients with cardiac implantable
electronic devices (CIEDs). FDG PET/CT
scanning has been proposed as a diagnostic tool
for suspected CIED infection.
Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients with
lead endocarditis were prospectively studied. FDG
PET/CT scanning was performed and analyzed
blindly by experienced nuclear medicine
physicians to assess for the presence of septic
embolism 2 days before lead extraction.
Results: FDG PET/CT scanning identified septic
emboli in 10 patients (29%): 7 with
spondylodiscitis, 2 with septic pulmonary emboli,
and 1 with an infected vascular prosthesis. Among
the 7 patients with occult spondylodiscitis, 4 were
asymptomatic, and 3 had back pain with negative
CT imaging, MRI being contraindicated due to
non MRI-compatible CIEDs. Antimicrobial
therapy was adapted (double antibiotic therapy
with good bone penetration) and prolonged.
Among other important ancillary findings, 3
patients presented focal FDG uptake in the colon
(1 adenocarcinoma, and 2 resected polyps) and 2
in the esophagus (both cases confirmed as
neoplasia).
Conclusions: This study emphasizes the potential
utility of FDG PET/CT scanning as a diagnostic
tool for septic emboli in patients with pacing lead
endocarditis. This promising diagnostic tool may
be integrated in the diagnostic algorithm of
patients with lead endocarditis because diagnosis
of septic embolisms has a direct and significant
impact on the therapeutic care pathway.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to abstract on PubMed
Europace. 2016 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Tjong FV, Brouwer TF, Smeding L, Kooiman
KM, de Groot JR, Ligon D, Sanghera R, Schalij
MJ, Wilde AA, Knops RE.
Abstract
Combined leadless
pacemaker and
subcutaneous
implantable
defibrillator therapy:
feasibility, safety, and
performance.
Aims: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (S-ICD) and leadless pacemaker (LP)
are evolving technologies that do not require
intracardiac leads. However, interactions between
these two devices are unexplored. We investigated
the feasibility, safety, and performance
of combined LP and S-ICD therapy, considering
(i) simultaneous device-programmer
communication, (ii) S-ICD rhythm discrimination
during LP communication and pacing, and (iii)
post-shock LP performance.
2016
Methods and Results: The study consists of two
parts. Animal experiments: Two sheep were
implanted with both an S-ICD and LP (Nanostim,
SJM), and the objectives above were tested.
Human experience: Follow-up of one S-ICD
patient with bilateral subclavian occlusion who
received an LP and two LP (all Nanostim, SJM)
patients (without S-ICD) who received electrical
cardioversion (ECV) are presented. Animal
experiments : Simultaneous device-programmer
communication was successful, but LPprogrammer communication telemetry was
temporarily lost (2 ± 2 s) during ventricular
fibrillation (VF) induction and 4/54
shocks. Leadless pacemaker communication and
pacing did not interfere with S-ICD rhythm
discrimination. Additionally, all VF episodes (n =
12/12), including during simultaneous LP pacing,
were detected and treated by the S-ICD. Postshock LP performance was unaltered, and no postshock device resets or dislodgements were
Title
Year
Published
Citation
observed (24 S-ICD and 30 external shocks).
Human experience : The S-ICD/LP patient
showed adequate S-ICD sensing during intrinsic
rhythm, nominal, and high-output LP pacing. Two
LP patients (without S-ICD) received ECV during
follow-up. No impact on performance or LP
dislodgements were observed.
Conclusion: Combined LP and S-ICD therapy
appears feasible in all animal experiments (n = 2)
and in one human subject. No interference in
sensing and pacing during intrinsic and paced
rhythm was noted in both animal and human
subjects. However, induced arrhythmia testing
was not performed in the patient. Defibrillation
therapy did not seem to affect LP function. More
data on safety and performance are needed.
Link to abstract on PubMed
Abstract
Background: An increas
has grown in parallel wit
pacing and defibrillating
experience of a regional
program serving Atlantic
Creation of the sole
regional laser lead
extraction program
serving Atlantic
Canada: initial
experience
Williams KJ, O'Keefe S, Légaré JF.
2016
Can J Surg. 2016 Apr 1;59:11115. [Epub ahead of
print]
Methods: We retrospect
consecutive patients who
at the Maritime Heart Ce
2006 and 2015. We cond
Meier survivorship analy
Results: During the 9-ye
patients underwent laser
extracted). The most com
was infection (84.3%). M
years (73.1%) and had le
explanted leads were an
Procedural and clinical s
symptoms) rates and mo
0.9%, respectively. Stern
performed in 3 instances
perforation and twice to
Title
Year
Published
Citation
material was removed. N
surgical intervention. Su
at 30 days and 94% at 12
Conclusion: Atlantic Ca
centre achieved high extr
complication rate. Lead e
provides for immediate s
essential for the survival
cases. Surgeons must we
patients older than 60 ye
implanted leads (> 1 yr)
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Clinically Significant
Pocket Hematoma
Increases Long-Term
Risk of Device
Infection: BRUISE
CONTROL
INFECTION Study
2016
Essebag V, Verma A, Healey JS, Krahn AD,
Kalfon E, Coutu B, Ayala-Paredes F, Tang AS,
Sapp J, Sturmer M, Keren A, Wells GA, Birnie
DH; BRUISE CONTROL Investigators.
Background: The BRUI
Continue Coumadin for D
Controlled Trial) demons
continued warfarin durin
device surgery was safe a
clinically significant poc
defined as a post-procedu
surgery and/or resulting
of at least 24 h, and/or re
anticoagulation. Previous
associated hematoma wit
device infection; reasons
of many studies, lack of
differing subjective defin
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Mar 22;67:1300-8.
Objectives: The BRUIS
(Bridge or Continue Cou
Randomized Controlled
Infection) prospectively
between CSH and subseq
Methods: The study incl
outcome of device-relate
hospitalization, defined a
pocket infection; endoca
Outcomes were verified
Title
Year
Published
Citation
committee. Multivariable
identify predictors of inf
Results: The overall 1-y
was 2.4% (16 of 659). In
patients (7 of 66) with pr
593) without CSH. CSH
predictor and was associ
of infection (hazard ratio
2.9 to 20.5; p < 0.0001).
development of hematom
infection risk.
Conclusions: CSH is ass
increased risk of infectio
1 year following cardiac
surgery. Strategies aimed
decrease the long-term ri
Continue Coumadin for D
Controlled Trial [BRUIS
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Presence of 'ghosts' and
mortality after
2016
transvenous lead
extraction
Aims: The number of ca
electronic devices has in
an increased need for tra
due to device infections.
as a post-removal, new, t
echocardiography follow
Narducci ML, Di Monaco A, Pelargonio G,
in the right-sided heart ch
Leoncini E, Boccia S, Mollo R, Perna F,
diagnosis of cardiac devi
Bencardino G, Pennestrì F, Scoppettuolo G,
We aimed to analyse the
Rebuzzi AG, Santangeli P, Di Biase L, Natale A,
assessed by transesophag
Crea F.
intracardiac echocardiog
patients undergoing TLE
Europace. 2016 Mar 29. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: W
patients (70 ± 13 years; 1
systemic infection (139),
lead malfunction (11). A
and 48 h after TLE and I
allocated to two groups:
(Group 2) post-procedura
Title
Year
Published
Citation
follow-up was obtained i
34 months). We identifie
after TLE. The significan
Charlson co-morbidity in
1.48, P = 0.03) and diagn
ICE (HR = 1.82, 95% CI
was higher in Group 1 th
rank P < 0.001). Indepen
mortality were the presen
infection as the clinical p
(HR = 3.47, 95% CI 1.18
95% CI 1.15-9.95, P = 0.
Conclusion: The presenc
independent predictor of
identifying a subgroup o
surveillance to promptly
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Implantable Cardiac
Defibrillator Lead
Failure and
Management
Swerdlow CD, Kalahasty G, Ellenbogen KA.
2016
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67:1358-68.
The implantable-cardiov
the most vulnerable com
Despite advanced engine
manufacturing technique
clinical, and clinical testi
Achilles' heel of the ICD
range of adverse outcom
inappropriate pacing to p
mortality. ICD LF is ofte
design or construction de
considered in the context
mechanical component p
environment and subject
stresses. This clinical rev
assessment, and differen
lead diagnostics, recent p
management of LF and f
Despite recent advances
will likely continue to ne
patients with transvenous
Link to abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Abstract
Objective: In recent yea
clinical situations requiri
implanted cardiac device
procedures are performed
lead extraction system. In
evaluate our lead extract
Methods: We retrospect
procedures carried out on
patient; mean age 61.5 ±
2008 and 2015 using Evo
success, major and mino
according to previously p
Transvenous extraction
of pacemaker and
implantable
cardioverter
defibrillator leads using 2016
Evolution® mechanical
dilator sheath: a single
center confirmatory
experience
Kocabaş U, Duygu H, Eren NK, Akyıldız Zİ,
Özyıldırım S, Tülüce SY, Kırış T, Nazlı C.
Springerplus. 2016;5:356.
Results: Mean duration o
± 62.5 months (6-240). I
pacemaker in 27 (65.8 %
patients. Total 67 leads w
22 (32.8 %) were atrial, 3
(21.5 %) were dual coil d
coronary sinus lead. Indi
pacemaker decubitis and
dysfunction in 11 (26.8 %
thrombosis in 1 (2.4 %) p
Evolution® system witho
Clinical success rate was
was 95.1 % and failure o
complications occurred i
was procedure related m
were seen in 5 (12.2 %) o
Conclusions: In our sing
extraction of pacemaker
relatively long implantat
patient group may be suc
Evolution® system. How
complications it is advise
operators in centers with
Link to abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Abstract
Background: Implantati
may be a difficult proced
anatomies and a possible
CS lead fixation has chan
years.
Objectives: We compare
active and passive fixatio
Coronary Sinus Lead
Removal: A
Comparison between
Active and Passive
Fixation Leads
2016
Pecha S, Kennergren C, Yildirim Y, Gosau N,
Aydin A, Willems S, Treede H, Reichenspurner
H, Hakmi S.
PLoS One. 2016;11:e0153651.
Methods: Between Janu
patients at our centre und
and 16 passive fixation le
traction or lead locking d
extraction sheaths. Data
success rates were collec
Results: The mean patie
90.9% were male. The in
infection in all cases. All
Medtronic® Attain StarF
Inc., Minneapolis, MN, U
implantation for the activ
9.9 ± 11.7 months (range
months (range 5.7-106.4
3 of 6 StarFix leads were
compared to 16 of 16 (10
leads (p = 0.013). No dea
during the 30-day follow
Conclusion: According t
Starfix active fixation CS
failure rate compared to
Link to abstract on PubM
High recurrence of
device-related adverse
events following
transvenous lead
2016
extraction procedure in
patients with cardiac
resynchronization
devices
Regoli F, Bongiorni MG, Rordorf R, Santamaria
M, Klersy C, Segreti L, De Regibus V, Moccetti
T, Conte G, Caputo ML, Auricchio A.
Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;May 12. [Epub ahead of
print]
Abstract
Introduction: Little is k
and recurring system-rela
cardiac resynchronizatio
transvenous lead extracti
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Methods and Results: F
256 consecutive CRT pa
68.3 ± 11.6 years, 216 ma
Association class II-IV, e
were treated at four Euro
Indications for TLE inclu
(45%) infection, system
(3%). Demographic, clin
up data were collected re
(AE) were considered as
cardiovascular hospitaliz
pocket and/or systemic in
pocket haematoma requi
was achieved for 607 out
either manual traction (2
(28%) sheaths. Over a m
(interquartile range 12-29
of any AE and SAE were
Recurring system malfun
(9.0%), infection in 17 p
haematoma requiring rev
anticoagulation therapy w
both any AE [hazard rati
interval (CI) 1.35-3.22, P
95% CI 1.21-4.68, P = 0.
Conclusions: Even thoug
treat CRT patients, a hig
TLE was observed at mid
evaluation of both patien
implantation strategy is s
a CRT patient, particular
anticoagulation therapy.
Extraction of a
CardioFix
neurostimulator with
concomitant laserassisted lead and
2016
intracardiac cardiac
defibrillator extraction
due to Staphylococcus
aureus pocket infection
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Hebsur S, Pollema T, Birgersdotter-Green U,
Pretorius V.
HeartRhythm Case Reports. 2016;2:208-10.
Introduction: This is a c
laser lead extraction of a
owing to automatic impl
(AICD) pocket infection
Case report: A 61-yearischemic cardiomyopath
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Medtronic Evera XT AIC
infraclavicular fossa area
enrolled in the Innervate
CardioFix (BioControl M
neurotransmitter implant
Conclusion: Laser lead e
increase in technical com
population grows and the
implantable intracardiac
and autonomic regulation
approach with electrophy
required for such comple
Link to abstract on Hear
Abstract
Aims: Magnetic resonan
reported to be safe in pat
electronic devices (CIED
followed. The objective o
whether this is also true f
published protocols.
Magnetic resonance
imaging in patients
with cardiac implanted
electronic devices:
2016
focus on
contraindications to
magnetic resonance
imaging protocols
Methods and Results: A
obtained in 142 consecut
patients had an implantab
Horwood L, Attili A, Luba F, Ibrahim EH, Parmar
(ICD) and 36 had a pace
H, Stojanovska J, Gadoth-Goodman S, Fette C,
adapted, pre-specified pr
Oral H, Bogun F.
performed in 95 patients
performed in 47 patients
Europace. 2016;Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print]
either abandoned leads (n
dependent with an impla
implanted CIEDs (n = 1)
battery depletion (n = 2),
was recalled or on adviso
complications occurred.
slightly, but significantly
MRI without requiring a
with an ICD on advisory
inexplicably during one o
b.p.m.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Conclusion: Using a pre
non-cardiac MRIs were p
pacemaker dependency,
batteries without occurre
Patients with devices on
carefully during MRI, es
dependent.
Link to abstract on PuMe
Abstract
Aims: Increasing need fo
(MRI) has driven the dev
cardiac implantable elect
pacemakers and defibrill
report difficulties obtaini
current provision for MR
CIEDs in England.
Provision of magnetic
resonance imaging for
patients with 'MRconditional' cardiac
2016
implantable electronic
devices: an unmet
clinical need
Sabzevari K, Oldman J, Herrey AS, Moon JC,
Kydd AC, Manisty C.
Europace. 2016;Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods: A survey was
England with MRI, to as
requested included wheth
to this patient group, the
acquired, local safety con
experienced and perceive
in those departments not
Results: Responses were
of hospitals surveyed. Al
aware of MR-conditiona
currently offer MRI scan
these, 85% of departmen
No major complications
scanning in patients with
barriers to service expan
regarding potential risk,
difficulties, and lack of c
Conclusion: Provision o
currently poor, despite in
with MR-conditional dev
complication rates.
Link to abstract on PuMe
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Abstract
Aims: To examine the in
thromboembolism (VTE
patients with implantable
(ICDs).
Venous
thromboembolism in
patients with
implantable
cardioverterdefibrillators
2016
Pedersen SB, Hjortshøj SP, Bøtker HE, Farkas
DK, Schmidt M5, Sørensen HT, Nielsen JC.
Europace. 2016;Jun 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Methods and Results: A
Denmark during 2000-12
databases. Incident VTE
according to gender, age
score (no, moderate, or s
pacemaker or cardiac res
implantation, and ICD ty
chamber, or CRT-D). W
within 3 months and 5 ye
into account as a compet
proportional hazards regr
as estimates of incidence
ICD recipients, 136 VTE
years of follow-up (medi
incidence rate was thus 4
confidence interval (CI):
thromboembolism risk w
0.1 to 0.7%) within 3 mo
regardless of comorbidity
implantation it was 1.4%
1.8%), and 3.2% (95% C
moderate, and severe com
severe comorbidity confe
rate ratio than no comorb
Incidence rate ratios did
type.
Conclusion: Three-mon
implantation was 0.3% re
Five-year risk of VTE fo
1.9% and more than twic
comorbidity as for patien
Link to abstract on PuMe
Intra- and Extrapericardial Lengths of 2005
the Superior Vena Cava
Kwon TD, Kim KH, Ryu HG, Jung CW, Goo JM,
Bahk JH.
Click the links below for
Title
Year
Published
in Vivo: Implication for
the Positioning of
Central Venous
Catheters
Citation
Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005;33:384-7.
Defibrillator lead advisories stir a lot of emotions,
both with patients and physicians, and this may
influence lead management. We reviewed the
literature for a more evidence-based approach to
this issue.
Managing patients with
advisory defibrillator
leads: what can we
2015
learn from published
data?
From the complications of two of the current
advisory leads, the Medtronic Sprint Fidelis and
St. Jude Riata leads, and the consequences of
possible interventions, we can conclude that a
restrained approach to premature replacement is
appropriate. It may be opportune to replace the
leads during a scheduled generator replacement in
case of a higher electrical failure rate, in order to
prevent future premature interventions.
We found no support to extract non-functional
advisory leads. In contrast, extraction is often
more demanding than anticipated, and the risk
substantially exceeds that of simply abandoning
the leads.
Abstract
Outcomes 1 Year After
Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillator Lead
Abandonment Versus
Explantation for
2016
Unused or
Malfunctioning Leads:
A Report from the
National
Cardiovascular Data
Registry
Introduction: Riata and
cardioverter-defibrillator
Sylmar, CA, USA) can d
externalization and/or ele
management of these lea
Zeitler EP, Wang Y, Dharmarajan K, Anstrom
KJ, Peterson ED, Daubert JP, Curtis JP, Al-Khatib
Methods and Results: A
SM. Circ Arrhythm
management strategies: (
Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003953.
for electrical failure, (2)
screening and routine de
implantation of new ICD
lead, and (4) implantatio
extraction of the in situ l
old primary prevention I
demonstrated average lif
capping with new lead im
Title
Year
Published
Citation
extraction with new lead
fluoroscopy with routine
and routine interrogation
sensitivity analyses ident
strategy with only one pa
value: when risk of nona
lead abandonment is grea
extraction is preferred ov
Monte Carlo simulation
sensitivity analysis, foun
with 100% certainty (ext
Conclusions: Overall the
survival with monitoring
approaches. There is no e
screening for externaliza
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: A dilemm
conservative managemen
extraction when patients
lead undergo generator r
suggest that the fracture
change.
Impact of generator
replacement on the risk 2016
of Fidelis lead fracture
Objective: The purpose
the effect of generator re
Krahn AD, Bashir J, Birnie DH, Brown J, Spencer performance.
JH, Leander C, Estes NA. Heart
Rhythm. 2016;13:1618-23.
Methods: The Carelink
21,500 Fidelis leads (mo
centers. The survival rate
after the first generator re
that for a control group w
duration, patient age, pat
the Kaplan-Meier metho
point was adjusted to ma
lead in the replacement g
of similarly aged leads.
Results: Of the 2,988 im
there was no statistical d
Title
Year
Published
Citation
fractures between cases a
227; no replacement, n =
Lead survival analysis de
performance since the fir
differ from that of the ma
Conclusion: The Fidelis
replacement does not dif
that have not had replace
replacement with no man
lead model, patient age a
fraction, comorbidities, e
expertise, and patient pre
determine the best course
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: This is a c
for cardiac resynchroniza
D) therapy enabled
by quadripolar (QUAD)
ventricular (LV) leads. H
(HF) hospitalization (HF
30-day readmissions afte
Less with More:
Hospitalization Cost
and Event Rates with 2016
Quadripolar versus
Bipolar CRT-D System
Corbisiero R, Kazemian P, Bharmi R, Shah
R, Muller D. Pacing Clin
Electrophysiol. 2016;39:1038-45.
Methods: Patients with d
part of a CRT-D system
August 2013 with ≥1-yea
Medical history, dates, a
collected thereafter. Patie
lead model: QUAD or B
(UB-04) for each HFH a
Classification of Disease
Modification) diagnoses/
classify hospitalizations
concurrent U.S. nationalreimbursement. Rates, as
readmissions were then c
bootstrapping.
Results: Baseline charac
56 BIP) were similar. Th
group (0.20/patient-year)
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(0.31/patient-year, incide
0.036). The overall HFH
outpatient setting for QU
lower than the BIP group
P = 0.055). Average cost
($4,428/patient-year) wa
year), a 39.8% cost reduc
readmission rate was also
BIP (19% vs 28%, IRR =
Conclusion: This U.S. e
demonstrated that QUAD
inpatient HFH rates and
compared to BIP system
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Objectives: The study s
previously abandoned lea
of cardiac device infectio
extraction and subsequen
Cardiac Implantable
Electronic Device
Infections: Added
Complexity and
2017
Suboptimal Outcomes
With Previously
Abandoned Leads
Background: The popu
implantable electronic de
disproportionate increase
invariably life threatenin
Hussein AA, Tarakji KG, Martin DO, Gadre A,
issue is the widely practi
Fraser T, Kim A, Brunner MP, Barakat AF, Saliba
abandonment at the time
WI, Kanj M, Baranowski B, Cantillon D,
upgrade, which is affecti
Niebauer M, Callahan T, Dresing T, Lindsay BD,
patients.
Gordon S, Wilkoff BL, Wazni OM.
JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;3:1-9.
Methods: The study ass
abandoned leads in a pro
consecutive patients und
of infected cardiac devic
between August 1996 an
clinical endpoint was com
success defined as the su
and all lead material from
absence of a major comp
Results: Of 1,386 patien
323 (23.3%) had previou
Title
Year
Published
Citation
achieve the primary endp
patients with abandoned
0.0001). This was primar
material (11.5% vs. 2.9%
associated with poor clin
rates of 1-month mortalit
without lead remnants). L
patients with previously
0.0001), with longer fluo
more likely to require sp
vs. 81.8%; p < 0.0001) o
workstations (14.9% vs.
complications occurred m
previously abandoned lea
which was true for both m
and minor complications
Conclusions: Previously
management of cardiac d
worse clinical outcomes.
Link to article on JACC:
Abstract
Lead Extraction for
Treatment of Cardiac
Device Infection: A 20- 2016
Year Single Centre
Experience
Background: Infection i
complications of cardiac
We report microbiology,
and infection recurrence
with cardiac device infec
transvenous lead extracti
a 20-year period.
Gomes S, Cranney G, Bennett M, Giles R. Heart Methods: We identified
Lung Circ. 2016;Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]
undergoing TLE for CDI
a single high volume cen
patient characteristics, m
and infection recurrence
Results: Between May 1
underwent extraction due
systemic infection. Seven
extracted from these pati
5.5+/-4.9 years. Staphylo
81% of CDI. A differenc
Title
Year
Published
Citation
for device revision comp
[median 10 months vs 24
antibiotics therapy depen
days post TLE for system
localised infection, P < 0
mortality in the 37 (11.2%
replacement device comp
29%, P=0.9). Retained le
CDI recurrence (20.8% r
vs 4.3% in complete rem
Conclusion: Cardiac dev
treated with a combinatio
therapy. Device therapy
patients. Retained lead fr
recurrent CDI following
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
A Novel VideoAssisted Approach to
Excimer Laser-Guided
2016
Cardiac Implantable
Electronic Devices
Lead Extraction
Zardo P, Busk H, Hadem J, Baraki H, Kensah
G, Kutschka I.
Innovations (Phila). 2016;11:210-3.
Objective: Even though
cardiac implantable elect
removed through conven
large vegetations or throm
failed extraction, or long
impede classical transven
laser-assisted procedures
alternative and have a low
with major adverse even
Unfortunately, most enco
potentially fatal, which p
approach that adds additi
for real-time intrathoraci
Methods: Five consecut
patients received concom
right-sided uniportal vide
real-time intrathoracic vi
Results: Complete extra
without observing major
table extubation was feas
Title
Year
Published
Citation
associated or incision-rel
encountered.
Conclusions: Concomita
video-assisted thoracosco
benefits in high-risk pati
the actual safety and clin
warranted.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Leadless Cardiac
Devices-Pacemakers
and Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillators
2016
Rutzen-Lopez H, Silva J, Helm RH. Curr Treat
Options Cardiovasc Med. 2016;18:49.
Opinion Statement: Sin
pacemakers and defibrill
microcircuit and battery
longevity demands and e
transvenous leads. Over
pacemaker and defibrilla
clinical arena. Despite th
leadless pacing systems,
broad implementation of
in a cautious and delibera
risks remains high. Two
Nanostim(TM) (St. Jude
Transcatheter Pacing Sys
shown the greatest applic
currently only limited to
procedural risks are mod
(EBR Systems, Inc.) is a
small subset of patients.
cardioverter-defibrillator
ICD (S-ICD, Cameron H
demonstrated encouragin
data supporting its use. S
modifications to the imp
patients, and programmin
procedural-related comp
shocks. The S-ICD is a p
premature to conclude th
ICDs. At this current tim
patients, such as those w
access limitations, and w
lead failure.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Management of
bacteremia in patients
living with
cardiovascular
implantable electronic
devices
2016
DeSimone DC, Sohail MR. Heart Rhythm. 2016
Aug 19. [Epub ahead of print]
Cardiovascular implanta
have become a critical co
in management of patien
disturbances, heart failur
cardiac death. However,
complication of CIED im
significant morbidity and
Early-onset CIED infecti
generator pocket, second
contamination at the time
progress to involve devic
However, hematogenous
a remote source of bacter
in patients with late-onse
CIED pocket infection ca
cases based on physical f
site, device lead infection
and positive blood cultur
with a CIED and positive
CIED lead infection.
Consequently, managem
recipient without local si
significant challenge. Th
infection in patients pres
on several factors, includ
isolated in blood cultures
of bacteremia, type of CI
related procedures. Thes
when making decisions r
diagnostic imaging and w
device. In this article, we
regarding risk of CIED in
with bacteremia and prop
evaluation and managem
Link to abstract on PubM
The utility of a
CHA2DS2-VASc score
in predicting the
2016
presence of significant
stenosis and occlusion
Abstract
Boczar K, Ząbek A, Dębski M, Haberka
K, Rydlewska A, Lelakowski J, Małecka B. Int J
Background: Currently,
Cardiol. 2016;218:164-9.
CHA2DS2-VASc score h
Title
Year
Published
of veins with
indwelling endocardial
leads
Citation
of venous stenosis and oc
the implantation of a card
(CIED).
Methods: The material c
consecutive patients qual
extraction, generator cha
upgrades in whom we as
VASc score in the predic
VASc score was calculat
clinical data. The whole
two groups, based on the
(group II) of VSO. Using
characteristic (ROC) cur
off point for the CHA2D
prediction of the absence
Results: The venography
consecutive patients aged
95.3), 77 females (34.5%
detected in 79 (35.4%) p
female (40%) patients-gr
point for the CHA2DS2prediction of the absence
Conclusion: In the whol
VSO amounted to 35.4%
VASc score was a destim
was characterized by mo
specificity (42.4%) in pre
most significant factor, w
development was diabete
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Comparative study of
the failure rates among
2016
3 implantable
defibrillator leads
Background: After the i
Linox S/SD high-voltage
van Malderen SC, Szili-Torok T, Yap SC, Hoeks
failure have been observ
SE, Zijlstra F, Theuns DA. Heart
Rhythm. 2016;Aug 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Objective: The purpose
performance of the Linox
other contemporary leads
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Methods: We used the p
registry to identify all im
Durata (St. Jude Medical
Endotak Reliance (Bosto
and 0158) (n = 343) lead
low- or high-voltage imp
or defibrillate, or the pre
not due to external interf
Results: During a media
Linox (5.9%), 5 Endotak
leads failed. At 5-year fo
rate of Linox leads (6.4%
Endotak (0.4%; P < .000
leads. The incidence rate
per 100 patient-years) th
(0.2 and 0.3 per 100 pati
A log-log analysis of the
leads functioning at 3-ye
failure rate of 3% per yea
consisted of noise (62.5%
(33.3%).
Conclusion: This study
of Linox S/SD high-volta
contemporary leads. Alth
failure is unclear, the ma
electrical parameters. Co
Linox S/SD high-voltage
monitoring to facilitate e
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Prevalence and
predictor factors of
severe venous
obstruction after
cardiovascular
electronic device
implantation
2016
Aims: Despite not being
exists about predisposing
patients with implantable
Santini M, Di Fusco SA, Santini A, Magris
assess the prevalence of
B, Pignalberi C, Aquilani S, Colivicchi F, Gargaro
patients with intravenous
A, Ricci RP. Europace. 2016 Aug;18:1220-6.
factors.
Methods and Results: A
venography to detect ven
the inserted lead. Vessel
Title
Year
Published
Citation
occlusion (complete flow
(narrowing >90%), or mi
(narrowing 50-90%). Sev
prevalence was 11.4% (n
asymptomatic. Collateral
of patients with severe ob
patients (6.5%) had 3 lea
secondary prevention of
indication for implantabl
with 3 leads were signifi
severe obstruction/occlus
obstruction/occlusion gro
P = 0.03). Logistic analy
thromboembolic risk fac
prevention of sudden car
implantable devices [odd
confidence interval (CI):
presence of 3 leads (OR,
0.008) were predictors of
Conclusion: In patients
venous obstruction preva
lack of symptoms does n
three leads and sudden ca
implantable devices seem
presence of severe venou
Link to abstract in PubM
Abstract
Classification and
Surgical Repair of
Injuries Sustained
During Transvenous
Lead Extraction
2016
Background: Injuries to
during pacemaker and de
serious complications tha
incidence of these injurie
underestimated. No syste
Bashir J, Fedoruk LM, Ofiesh J, Karim SS, Tyers
these injuries or their ma
GF.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003741.
Methods and Results: W
administrative database f
that sustained a cardiac o
British Columbia. Injurie
presentation and compar
injury, type of repair, uti
bypass, and outcome. Of
Title
Year
Published
Citation
over 19 years, 33 sustain
of injuriesoccurred in wo
age of oldest lead extract
type 1 presentation, defin
found in 12/33 patients (
defined as progressive hy
treatment, was found in 2
the patients had a modera
cardiopulmonary bypass
extensive injury. Despite
devastating injuries, the i
aggressive salvage measu
87.9% of patients at 30 d
Conclusions: The imme
cardiovascular surgeon, p
cardiopulmonary bypass
lifesaving repair of injuri
laser lead extraction. The
correlates closely with th
need for cardiopulmonar
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Laser lead extraction
allows for safe and
effective removal of
single- and dual-coil
implantable
cardioverter
defibrillator leads: A
single-centre
experience over 12
years
Objectives: Lead extract
old leads of an implantab
(ICD) is challenging. As
side of the shock coils, w
procedural complication
procedures in single- and
2016
Pecha S, Yildirim Y, Gosau N, Aydin
MA, Willems S, Treede H, Reichenspurner
H, Hakmi S.
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2016;Sep 13.
[Epub ahead of print]
Methods: Between Janu
single- and 145 dual-coil
171 patients using laser s
rates and complications w
retrospectively analysed.
Results: The mean patie
mean time from initial le
50.3 ± 18.4 and 45.8 ± 1
dual-coil group, respectiv
group, complete procedu
37 (97.3%) cases, and cli
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(100.0%). In the dual-co
success was seen in 131
clinical success in 132 of
transvenous extraction fa
overall complication rate
group and 3.7% in the du
1.0). No deaths occurred
The mean laser treatmen
single-coil group and 2.5
= 0.002).
Conclusions: Laser lead
effective removal of ICD
coil leads, the extraction
with longer laser treatme
significant differences in
success rates.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Superior v
rare but potentially fatal
removal.
Objective: The aim of th
feasibility of hemodynam
occlusion balloon during
Percutaneous occlusion
balloon as a bridge to
surgery in a swine
2016
model of superior vena
cava perforation
Methods: A surgically in
Clancy JF, Carrillo RG, Sotak R, Ram R, Ryu
created in Yorkshire cros
RK, Kennergren C.
were used to develop and
Heart Rhythm. 2016;Jun 23. [Epub ahead of print] Four animals were used t
behavioral, and neurolog
SVC tear and repair. An
Occlusion Balloon, Spec
Springs, CO) was percut
femoral vein to the locati
Once hemodynamic cont
was surgically repaired.
Results: After SVC perf
rate of blood loss was 7.0
SVC tear to occlusion ba
Title
Year
Published
Citation
seconds, during which m
from 56 ± 2 to 25 ± 3 mm
from 76 ± 7 to 62 ± 7 bea
the occlusion balloon, th
90%, to 0.7 ± 0.2 mL/s. T
occlusion of the SVC wa
hemodynamic measures
this time. Study animals
complications, demonstr
exhibited normal neurolo
postoperative assessmen
Conclusion: Endovascul
may be a feasible option
hemodynamic control, an
after SVC injury.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Predictors of
intraoperative
electrosurgery-induced
implantable
2016
cardioverter
defibrillator (ICD)
detection
Background: In the USA
implantable cardioverter
dramatically. Many ICD
surgical procedure at som
implantation. Most surge
electrocautery. Currently
induced electromagnetic
are poorly understood. T
EI-EMI using prospectiv
Friedman H, Higgins JV, Ryan JD, Konecny
T, Asirvatham SJ, Cha YM.
Methods: We analyzed p
J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2016 Sep 24. [Epub from patients undergoing
ahead of print]
Clinic between 2011 and
device history, device int
and surgical information
ICDs were programmed
off. The patients were th
those with EI-EMI inapp
those without detection.
reviewed. Clinical and de
to identify predictors of E
Results: Of 103 patients
induce EI-EMI (0/11 cas
Title
Year
Published
Citation
resulted in noise detectio
inappropriate episodes of
chest, neck, and upper ex
across the ICD lead tip; 1
none had back or low ex
near-field electrogram am
the far-field amplitude va
Conclusions: EI-EMI do
cautery or monopolar cau
the dispersive ground pa
extremities. In contrast to
larger on near-field than
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Pacing Without Wires:
Leadless Cardiac
2016
Pacing
Bernard ML. Ochsner J. 2016;16:238-42.
Background: Worldwid
are implanted annually w
in the United States. Sinc
pacemaker implantations
technologic advances hav
However, the combinatio
generators and transveno
constant for more than 50
offer an alternative to tra
eliminating the need for
while providing therapy
bradyarrhythmias.
Methods: We discuss th
(LCPs), the Nanostim Le
Transcatheter Pacing Sys
powered device, the WiC
humans. Currently LCPs
pacing, specifically, vent
pacing and multichambe
have yet to be studied.
Results: LCPs represent
bradycardia therapy sinc
implantation more than 5
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Conclusion: Initial studi
Micra LCPs show favora
compared to transvenous
and Drug Administration
transform our ability to p
bradyarrhythmias. Future
completely leadless singl
pacing, ushering in an er
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Background: Conventio
by short- and long-term c
device infection. Transca
be beneficial in this kind
need for a device pocket
the risk of re-infection.
Methods: We assessed a
with severe device infect
dependent. After lead ex
was implanted into the ri
Leadless Cardiac
Pacemaker
Implantation After
Lead Extraction in
Patients With Severe
Device Infection
2016
Kypta A, Blessberger H, Kammler J, Lambert
T, Lichtenauer M, Brandstaetter W, Gabriel
M, Steinwender C.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2016;27:1067-71.
Results: Of the 6 patient
due to severe device infe
diagnosed with a pocket
3 showed symptoms of b
Successful lead extractio
accomplished in all patie
with a temporary pacema
after lead extraction, whe
implanted during the sam
traditional pacemaker sy
free of infection during t
An additional positron em
performed in each patien
infection around the TPS
Conclusion: Transcather
safe and feasible in 6 pat
infection even if implant
pacemaker system within
implantation of a TPS m
Title
Year
Published
Citation
severe device infection, e
venous access or who are
Link to abstract on PubM
Clinical Outcomes of
Patients Who Received
the Subcutaneous
2016
Implantable
Cardioverter
Defibrillator
Right ventricular lead
placement and
ventricular
dyssynchrony in a
pacemaker population: 2016
An acute analysis from
the evaluation of apical
and non-apical position
(right pace) study
Estes NA 3rd. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;Sep 7. [Epub
ahead of print]
Link to abstract on JAMA Cardiology.
Muto C, Calvi V, Botto GL, Pecora D, Zuccaro
LM, Costa A, Ciaramitaro G, Airò Farulla
R, Nigro G, Tuccillo B, Racheli M, Lilli
A, Reggiani A, Malacrida M, Valsecchi S, Maglia
G.
Int J Cardiol. 2016;225:296-9.
Link to abstract on International Journal
Cardiology.
Abstract
A novel use of EP
catheter in extraction of
trapped intracardiac
2015
devices: Two case
reports
Kumar D, Banerjee S, Naik J, Gupta K, Roy
RR, Kumar A.
Indian Heart J. 2015;67:Suppl 3:S92-6.
The decision to retrieve c
leads and trapped intraca
been difficult and highly
case reports in which ele
catheter was used to retri
pacemaker lead and trapp
right ventricle. We could
surgeries in both the pati
traditionally used techniq
devices.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Safety of CMR in
patients with cardiac
implanted electronic
devices
Ibrahim E-SH, Horwood L, Stojanovska J, Attili
A, Frank L, Oral H, Bogun F.
2016
J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016;18(Suppl
1):O123.
Background: CMR has
patients with cardiac imp
(CIED), provided a speci
of this study is to examin
excluded from published
with abandoned leads or
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Methods: The protocol f
imaging of CIED patient
absence of an alternative
related relative contraind
of abandoned leads, pace
lead implant < 6 weeks, w
ordering physician to ove
provider with CIED man
baseline device informat
programmed according t
tachyarrhythmia detectio
scan. 4) Device reinterro
completion of the scan, a
after imaging.
Results: A total of 162 M
consecutive patients with
defibrillators and 36 had
Figure 1). 29 patients we
patients had abandoned l
performed in 94 patients
(LGE) was used to determ
ablation) and spinal/brain
patients. In the cardiac sc
diagnostic only in 4 patie
the implanted cardiac de
LGE was detected witho
identified in 25 scans. On
ventricular tachycardia (V
removed from the scanne
terminated VT without c
events were noted. The d
remained the same imme
after the scans.
Conclusions: In the anal
in one pacemaker depend
dropped from 90 to 50 bp
fast spin echo sequence (
1.89 W/Kg) due to eleva
patient, a prior cardiac sc
where no problem was o
sequences have low SAR
the protocol described in
Title
Year
Published
Is dual-chamber
pacemaker implantation
feasible through a
2016
cephalic vein with a
supraclavicular course?
Citation
Dilaveris P, Sotiropoulos E, Georgiopoulos
G, Gatzoulis K, Kallikazaros I, Tousoulis D.
Int J Cardiol. 2016;212:297-8.
safely performed in CIED
patients to risk, despite p
of abandoned leads, and
This study recommends
more CIED patients who
Abstract
Cephalic vein cutdown is
for venous access during
device (CIED) implantat
complications. However,
vein are possible, such as
course. Supraclavicular c
significantly affects both
CIED procedures. In old
leads were used, there w
the cephalic vein with a s
the risk of lead fracture o
Link to abstract on Intern
Abstract
Background: Lead-relat
can complicate cardiovas
device (CIED) infection
prosthetic valves. The ob
determine the outcomes
CIED infection in patien
Outcomes of
Transvenous Lead
Extraction for
Cardiovascular
2016
Implantable Electronic
Device Infections in
Patients With
Prosthetic Heart Valves
Huang XM, Fu HX, Zhong L, Cao J, Asirvatham
SJ, Baddour LM, Sohail MR, Nkomo
VT, Nishimura RA, Greason KL, Suri
RM, Friedman PA, Cha YM.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e004188.
Methods and Results: W
transvenous lead extracti
September 1, 2001 and A
to identify patients with p
lead extraction for infect
follow-up characteristics
patients (6%) met the stu
had pocket infection and
related, or both, endocard
(mean age, 67 [18] years
the most common pathog
aureus in 20 cases (39%)
staphylococci in 19 cases
leads (median lead age, 5
these leads, 123 (97%) w
Title
Year
Published
Citation
hospital mortality rate w
attributable to the extract
percent of patients who s
recurrent device-related o
Conclusions: Transveno
curative in patients with
valves. Cure of infection
of patients with complete
antimicrobial therapy and
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Objectives: The study so
previously abandoned lea
of cardiac device infectio
extraction and subsequen
Cardiac Implantable
Electronic Device
Infections: Added
Complexity and
2017
Suboptimal Outcomes
With Previously
Abandoned Leads
Background: The popul
implantable electronic de
disproportionate increase
invariably life threatenin
issue is the widely practi
abandonment at the time
Hussein AA, Tarakji KG, Martin DO, Gadre A,
upgrade, which is affecti
Fraser T, Kim A, Brunner MP, Barakat AF, Saliba
patients.
WI, Kanj M, Baranowski B, Cantillon D,
Niebauer M, Callahan T, Dresing T, Lindsay BD,
Methods: The study asse
Gordon S, Wilkoff BL, Wazni OM.
abandoned leads in a pro
consecutive patients und
JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017;3:1-9
of infected cardiac devic
between August 1996 an
clinical endpoint was com
success defined as the su
and all lead material from
absence of a major comp
Results: Of 1,386 patien
323 (23.3%) had previou
achieve the primary endp
patients with abandoned
0.0001). This was primar
material (11.5% vs. 2.9%
Title
Year
Published
Citation
associated with poor clin
rates of 1-month mortalit
without lead remnants). L
patients with previously
0.0001), with longer fluo
more likely to require sp
vs. 81.8%; p < 0.0001) o
workstations (14.9% vs.
complications occurred m
previously abandoned lea
which was true for both m
and minor complications
Conclusions: Previously
management of cardiac d
worse clinical outcomes.
Link to article on JACC:
Abstract
Background: Patients w
implantable cardioverter
have the lead either aban
limited data on the comp
safety of these 2 approac
Outcomes 1 Year after
Implantable
CardioverterDefibrillator Lead
Abandonment versus
Explantation for
2016
Unused or
Malfunctioning Leads:
A Report from the
National
Cardiovascular Data
Registry
Methods and Results: W
among 24 908 subject en
1:1 matching for ICD lea
Zeitler EP, Wang Y, Dharmarajan K, Anstrom KJ,
in the National Cardiova
Peterson ED, Daubert JP, Curtis JP, Al-Khatib
ICD Registry (April 201
SM.
patients undergoing lead
undergoing lead explanta
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e003953.
procedure-related compl
3.77% (n=469; P<0.001)
undergoing lead explanta
in-hospital death: 0.21%
P<0.001), respectively. A
survival, there was a tren
explantation group (11%
Medicare subset analyze
complications, there was
month bleeding (4.80% i
(0.38% versus 0.58%), in
Title
Year
Published
Citation
upper extremity thrombo
pulmonary embolism (0.
surgery (1.15% for both
Conclusions: After matc
removal of an unused or
slightly higher in-hospita
those with a lead abando
year mortality risk was s
explantation group, this d
significant and may be ex
Outcomes-1-Year
Abstract
Background: Leadless c
as a safe and effective al
transvenous single-cham
Herein, we report a mult
feasibility and safety of a
chronic retrieval (>6 wee
pacemaker in humans.
Retrieval of the
Leadless Cardiac
2016
Pacemaker: A
Multicenter Experience
Reddy VY, Miller MA, Knops RE, Neuzil P,
Defaye P, Jung W, Doshi R, Castellani M,
Strickberger A, Mead RH, Doppalapudi H,
Lakkireddy D, Bennett M, Sperzel J.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e004626.
Methods and Results: T
enrolled in 3 multicenter
cardiac pacemaker impla
underwent a device remo
pacemaker retrieval succ
whose leadless cardiac p
<6 weeks (acute retrieva
achieved in 100% (n=5/5
weeks (chronic retrieval
91% (n=10/11) of patien
from implant to retrieval
1188 days) in the chronic
thirds (n=7; 63%) had be
before the retrieval attem
related adverse events at
Conclusions: This multi
the feasibility and safety
implanted single-chambe
leadless pacemaker.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Link to abstract on Circu
Electrophysiology
Abstract
Endovascular
Occlusion of the
Superior Vena Cava in
2016
a Patient with Stenosis
and Chronic
Intracardiac Leads
Boyle TA, Healy CA, Irizarry F, Carrillo RG.
J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Mgmt. 2016;7:2473-5.
The aim was to increase
extraction with pre-empt
endovascular occlusion b
(SVC). A patient with le
lead extraction with ches
revealed central venous s
around an old device. A
(Spectranetics, Colorado
the superior vena cava pr
occluded the SVC despit
stenosis. The malfunctio
replaced. Endovascular o
numerous intravascular o
inform protocols for the
extractions.
Endovascular-Occlusion
Abstract
Background: The Riata
unique clinical scenario w
in externalization of cond
of electrical failure. We d
registry to assist with clin
Canadian Registry of
Implantable Electronic
Device Outcomes:
2016
Surveillance of the
Riata Lead Under
Advisory
Parkash R, Thibault B, Mangat I, Coutu B,
Bennett M, Healey J, Verma A, Philippon F,
Sandhu R, Cameron D, Ayala-Paredes F, Sterns L,
Essebag V, Kus T, Nery P, Stephenson E, Yee R,
Exner D, Toal S, Birnie D, Wells G, Krahn A.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016;9:e004282.
Methods and Results: T
findings of 3763 (74.2%
Riata leads under adviso
8.9±1.5 years. The overa
at 8 years, with no differ
French lead models. Cab
be more common in the 8
5.2%, P<0.0001) and wa
electrical failure. Predict
included cable externaliz
ejection fraction, younge
and a passive fixation lea
electrical failure, a furthe
where the device failed t
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Major complications bec
higher when compared w
difference among lead m
occurred as a consequenc
context of an underlying
Conculsions: The Riata
electrical failure rate ove
predictors of lead failure
decisions as to whether l
prophylactically.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Contemporary Rates
and Outcomes of
Single- vs. Dual-Coil
Implantable
Cardioverter
Defibrillator Lead
Implantation: Data
from the Israeli ICD
Registry
2016
Leshem E, Suleiman M, Laish-Farkash A,
Konstantino Y, Glikson M, Barsheshet A,
Goldenberg I, Michowitz Y; Israeli Working
Group of Pacing and Electrophysiology.
Europace. 2016 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]
Aims: Dual-coil leads w
standard of care due to lo
(DFT). Higher complicat
parallel progression in im
defibrillator (ICD) techn
coil necessity. Prior subs
outcome difference betw
although using higher rat
practiced. We evaluated
implantation rates of sing
determined the associate
using a contemporary na
Methods and Results: B
2015, 6343 consecutive I
2345) implantation patie
the Israeli ICD Registry.
2285 patients was availa
primary endpoint was all
leads were implanted in 3
ICD recipients, and 26%
Secondary prevention ind
increased rate of dual-co
decline in dual-coil leads
coils was observed, desp
(11.6%) during implanta
to 2%. In the multivariat
single-coil lead implanta
increased risk of mortalit
Title
Year
Published
Citation
0.33], heart failure hospi
appropriate (HR = 1.25;
therapy (HR = 2.07; P= 0
Conclusion: Real-life ra
implantation are rising w
These results of single-co
obtained, despite low and
testing.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Management of
Bacteremia in Patients
Living with
2016
Cardiovascular
Implantable Electronic
Devices
DeSimone DC, Sohail MR.
Heart Rhythm. 2016;13:2247-52.
Cardiovascular implanta
have become a critical co
patients with cardiac rhy
and prevention of sudden
infection remains a majo
implantation and is assoc
and mortality for device
infections frequently orig
secondary to device or po
of implantation, and may
or cardiac valves. Howev
device leads from a remo
infrequent in patients wit
Whereas CIED pocket in
majority of cases based o
generator site, device lea
with fever and positive b
every patient with a CIED
underlying CIED lead in
management of bacterem
local signs of infection p
The risk of underlying C
presenting with bacterem
including the type of mic
cultures, duration and so
and number of device-re
factors must be considere
regarding the need for fu
whether to retain or remo
review the published dat
infection in patients pres
Title
Year
Published
Citation
propose an algorithm for
management.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Current Management of
Cardiac Implantable
Electronic Device
2016
Infections by Infectious
Disease Specialists
Liang SY, Beekmann SE, Polgreen PM, Warren
DK.
Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63:1072-5.
Management guidelines
device infections exist, b
disease (ID) specialists a
while many ID specialist
guidelines, a combinatio
prolonged antimicrobial
Staphylococcus aureus is
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Coronary Sinus Lead
Extraction
Cronin EM, Wilkoff BL.
2017
Severe Tricuspid Valve
Injury During Right
2016
Ventricular Lead
Extraction
Heart Fail Clin. 2017;13:105-115.
Expanded indications for
therapy and the increasin
implantable electronic de
increased need for coron
The CS presents unique a
successful lead extraction
requirements for CS lead
for other leads. Here we
and results of CS lead ex
and complications are sim
leads, although multiple
implantation options may
incorporated into pre-pro
Link to abstract on PubM
Case Report
A 67-year-old male (heig
history of anterior myoca
cardiomyopathy (estimat
Hai T, Lerner AB, Khamooshian A.
presented for implantable
lead extraction and singl
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016 Aug 20. [Epub
At the time of presentatio
ahead of print]
chamber Medtronic Virtu
Ireland), which was impl
ventricular tachycardia. T
because the existing righ
Title
Year
Published
Citation
(Medtronic) had been pla
Administration advisory
nearing elective replacem
transthoracic echocardio
ventricular (LV) systolic
septum and severe hypok
and all distal LV segmen
was demonstrated on tran
RV free wall displayed m
hypokinesis. The valvula
normal. The patient was
extraction under general
bypass as standby.
Link to article on Scienc
Abstract
Background: Transveno
tricuspid valve damage.
Objectives: To assess th
clinical outcome of tricu
lead extraction.
Tricuspid Regurgitation
following Lead
Extraction: Risk
2016
Factors and Clinical
Course
Methods: We prospectiv
who underwent lead extr
Center prior to laser use
Givon A, Vedernikova N, Luria D, Vatury O,
Echocardiography result
Kuperstein R, Feinberg MS, Eldar M, Glikson M, procedure were used to c
Nof E.
an echocardiographic inc
Various clinical and echo
Isr Med Assoc J. 2016;18:18-22.
analyzed as risk factors f
echocardiographic follow
clinical significance outc
Results: Of 152 patients
without laser before 2012
echocardiography results
following the procedure.
discovered in 13 patients
and younger age at extra
analysis to be factors for
= 0.03 respectively). Ave
21.34 months (range 8-9
Title
Year
Published
Citation
differences in the inciden
(50% vs. 23%, P = 0.192
failure exacerbations (37
patient required tricuspid
Death rates were similar
(20% vs. 33%).
Conclusions: TR follow
uncommon but does not
outcomes such as need fo
effects remain to be dete
Severe Tricuspid Valve
Regurgitation
Requiring Surgical
Intervention as a Result 2014
of Pacemaker Lead
Extraction: A Case
Series
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Tricuspid regurgitation (
implantable cardioverter
well-known condition. A
they tend to stimulate an
to fibrosis and adhesions
metallic component of th
Patel B, Daraghmeh A, Machado C.
of lead implantations, lea
rising. The extraction of
J Innov Cardiac Rhythm Manage. 2014;5:1525-9. for the operators because
after pacemaker lead ext
intervention is an uncom
cases of severe TR after
requiring tricuspid valve
Link to article on the Jou
Rhythm Management
Abstract
The Impact of
Transvenous Lead
2014
Extraction on Tricuspid
Valve Function
Coffey JO, Sager SJ, Gangireddy S, Levine A,
Viles-Gonzalez JF, Fischer A.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37:19-24.
Background: Few data e
transvenous lead extracti
function. The objective o
effect of TLE on the dev
tricuspid regurgitation (T
Objective: To assess the
valve function.
Methods: A single cente
consecutive patients refe
Title
Year
Published
Citation
and November 2011. Pat
underwent transthoracic
and after lead extraction
a preprocedure and postp
continuous scale from 0
mild, 3 = mild/moderate,
moderate/severe, and 6 =
increase in TR was defin
score of at least two poin
score ≥4 (moderate).
Results: A total of 124 p
underwent a TTE both be
lead extraction (4 ± 8 mo
0.8 per patient) were extr
score after lead extractio
interval [CI] -0.03 to 0.3
significant increase in TR
2.3-11.3%]) patients. Ag
0.02]), removal of ≥2 lea
and powered sheath-assis
0.62, P = 0.02]) were sig
increase in TR score.
Conclusion: TLE is rare
development of clinically
patient age ≥75 years, pa
removal of ≥2 leads pred
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Tricuspid Insufficiency
after Laser Lead
2013
Extraction
Rodriguez Y, Mesa J, Arguelles E, Carrillo RG.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013;36:939-44.
Background: The use of
remove pacemaker and i
leads has become more p
Though the procedure is
complications, LLE still
Some reports have sugge
insufficiency (TI) associa
series of patients who un
evaluation for TI with ec
Methods: From August
prospective, consecutive
Title
Year
Published
Citation
single center. All patient
echocardiograms (TEE)
patients had tricuspid val
before the procedure wit
(TTE), during the proced
postoperatively with a TT
Results: All 173 patients
tricuspid valve function d
Of the 53 patients who u
evaluation, 38 were male
with a mean age of 69.45
was 35.82 ± 14.72. Three
after the procedure (two
tricuspid valve endocard
found to have TI before L
function during or after t
patients did not experien
tricuspid valve performa
Conclusion: LLE was no
Tricuspid Valve Repair
for Torrential Tricuspid
Regurgitation after
2011
Permanent Pacemaker
Lead Extraction
Mehrotra D, Kejriwal NK.
Tex Heart Inst J. 2011;38:305-7.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Tricuspid regurgitation s
extraction is uncommon,
intervention. Most tricus
the implantation of tined
the tricuspid valve appar
withdrawal. Severe tricu
extracting chronically im
reported. Herein, we repo
regurgitation in a 67-yea
of a permanent pacemak
confirmed on transesoph
lead extraction, and the t
repaired with suture bicu
support of ring annulopla
relevant literature follow
Link to abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Prevalence of tricuspid
regurgitation and
pericardial effusions
2010
following pacemaker
and defibrillator lead
extraction
Citation
Glover BM, Watkins S, Mariani JA, Yap S, Asta
J, Cusimano RJ, Ralph-Edwards AC, Cameron
DA.
Int J Cardiol. 2010;145:593-4.
Abstract
Objectives: This study s
risk factors, and outcome
regurgitation (TTR) indu
chronically implanted tra
Background: Although
has been shown to be hig
not been systematically e
Incidence, Risk
Factors, and Outcome
of Traumatic Tricuspid
Regurgitation After
2009
Percutaneous
Ventricular Lead
Removal
Franceschi F, Thuny F, Giorgi R, Sanaa I,
Peyrouse E, Assouan X, Prévôt S, Bastard E,
Habib G, Deharo JC.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:2168-74.
Methods: All patients un
removal at our center we
performed by simple trac
technique. Presence of a
assessed by transthoracic
clinical and technical par
association with TTR. Pa
outpatient visits.
Results: We removed 23
patients. Median time fro
months (range 0.7 to 260
19 patients (9.1%), sever
factors of TTR were foun
0.004), use of both laser
female sex (p = 0.02). Af
months (median 17.9 mo
medically treated for new
symptoms, 2 had underg
tricuspid valve, and 6 ha
from noncardiac causes).
occurred only in patients
Conclusions: This study
uncommon after percutan
associated with the use o
Title
Year
Published
Citation
traction and also with fem
sided heart failure is freq
Transesophageal
Echocardiographic
Evaluation of Tricuspid
Valve Regurgitation
During Pacemaker and 2002
Implantable
Cardioverter
Defibrillator Lead
Extraction
Partial Rupture of the
Tricuspid Valve after
Extraction of
Permanent Pacemaker
Leads: Detection by
Transesophageal
Echocardiography
1999
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Chronically implanted ve
(ICD) leads can adhere to
examined the effect of le
extraction in particular, o
Lead extraction was first
force followed by a laser
Tricuspid valve regurgita
was evaluated with trans
graded from 0 (none) to
regurgitation was consid
increased with two grade
grade 3 regurgitation. Fif
extracted in 43 consecuti
Roeffel S, Bracke F, Meijer A, Van Gelder B, Van
leads. In 20 patients (gro
Dantzig JM, Botman CJ, Peels K.
a (laser) sheath crossing
(group II) leads were ext
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2002;25:1583-6.
valve. The mean time fro
and 99 +/- 78 months, re
regurgitation increased in
only in one patient the la
and forceful traction was
II this occurred in four (1
not reach statistical signi
patient from group I (P =
regurgitation cautions ag
superfluous leads. There
laser sheath are necessar
damage increases.
Assayag P, Thuaire C, Benamer H, Sebbah J,
Leport C, Brochet E.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:971-4.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Traumatic lesions of the
pacemaker lead extractio
two cases of partial ruptu
following apparently une
ventricular leads, resultin
one case, chronic heart fa
the traumatic mechanism
and the extent of valvula
Title
Year
Published
Citation
etiology should be suspe
patients developing TR o
extraction.
Link to abstract on PubM
Abstract
Objective: Five percent
devices (CIEDs) are rem
extraction is preferred bu
adhere to the vasculature
study is to assess the freq
MDCT that alter preproc
CIED extraction.
Use of Preprocedural
MDCT for Cardiac
Implantable Electric
Device Lead
2017
Extraction: Frequency
of Findings That
Change Management
Ehieli WL, Boll DT, Marin D, Lewis R, Piccini
JP, Hurwitz LM.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2017 Jan 11. [Epub ahead
of print]
Materials and Methods
CIEDs who underwent M
extraction were analyzed
preclude percutaneous re
termination, were disting
significant findings that c
percutaneous removal, in
the vasculature, lead term
vein stenosis, or thrombu
characterized separately.
preprocedural decisions,
performed, and procedur
Results: Twenty-six wom
ventricular leads, 84 righ
venous leads were evalua
in 7% of patients, includ
perforation and one with
tricuspid annuloplasty rin
findings of endothelial fi
patients. The central vein
42% of patients, and thro
patients. Thirty-six perce
findings, and 4% of patie
requiring immediate inpa
Conclusion: MDCT per
extraction is able to iden
significant findings that c
Title
Year
Published
Citation
extraction or preprocedu
preprocedural MDCT ca
guide decision making b
non-catheter-related find
management.
Link to abstract on PuMe
Abstract
Objectives: Extraction o
implantable cardioverter
aggressive adhesions can
Furthermore, the presenc
adds to the complexity o
aim of this study was to p
combination of different
procedural success rate i
The Challenge of
Aggressive Adhesions:
Tool Combination for 2017
Successful Lead
Extraction
Methods: A total of 161
extraction procedures ha
01/2012 and 08/2016. W
where one extraction too
complete procedural succ
Linder M, Pecha S, Castro L, Zipfel S, Gosau N, more extraction tools wa
Willems S, Reichenspurner H, Hakmi S.
procedures were perform
having patients under ge
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;65(S01):S1-S110. invasive arterial blood pr
Results: Patients were 6
female. A total of 35 lead
lCD leads and 6 dual-coi
implantation duration of
extracted. In 6 cases lase
extraction tools were com
sheaths and femoral snar
simultaneous use of mec
femoral snares was neces
combination of these diff
as well as procedural suc
in all cases. No peri-proc
no major or minor compl
extraction procedures.
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Conclusion: In cases of
abandoned lead fragmen
enough to achieve compl
procedures, the combina
using a hybrid operating
with success rates up to 1
Link to abstract on The T
Surgeon
Abstract
Introduction: Despite th
extraction (TLE) remains
inherent risks, where sur
elective cases. In this stu
a minimally invasive "hy
procedure performed by
support of a cardiac surg
session.
Hybrid Minimally
Invasive Approach for
Transvenous Lead
2017
Extraction: A Feasible
Technique in HighRisk Patients
Bontempi L, Vassanelli F, Cerini M, Bisleri G,
Repossini A, Giroletti L, Inama L, Salghetti F,
Liberto D, Giacopelli D, Raweh A, Muneretto C,
Curnis A.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2017 Jan 7. [Epub
ahead of print]
Methods and Results: W
hybrid lead extraction; m
thoracoscopy were perfo
patients, respectively. A
(median lead age 19 year
with laser, mechanical or
3 patients, the direct mon
myocardial integrity allo
potential vascular injury
maneuvers. Mean in-hos
were no major intraopera
occurred after 30 days' fo
Conclusion: The hybrid
or thoracoscopy, is feasib
safety in the most challen
minimally invasive surgi
continuous monitoring o
and prompt treatment of
Link to abstract on PubM
Title
Year
Published
Citation
Abstract
Objectives: This in vivo
feasibility and safety of r
pacemakers (LPs).
Background: Although
removable soon after imp
the feasibility of removin
Percutaneous Retrieval
of Implanted Leadless
Pacemakers: Feasibility
2015
at 2.5 Years PostImplantation in an In
Vivo Ovine Model
Methods: This study wa
mid-term cohort, 10 chro
animals underwent retrie
necropsy in 5; and 2) in t
a new LP followed by ne
term cohort, 8 additional
± 0.1 years followed by n
performed using either a
Koruth JS, Rippy MK, Khairkhahan A, Ligon DA,
LPs (100%) were succes
Hubbard CA, Miller MA, Dukkipati S, Neuzil P,
retrieval catheter insertio
Reddy VY.
and 3:04 ± 01:13 minute
study groups, respectivel
JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;1:563-70.
Results: There were no s
times using either snare.
was used pre- and post-re
pericardial effusion in al
no evidence of pericardia
minor tissue disruption a
implant site after retrieva
fibrous connective tissue
endocardium and LP can
evidence of pulmonary th
Conclusions: We demon
percutaneous, catheter-ba
implants of a maximum d
years.
Link to article on JACC: