Download The Milky Way Galaxy

The Milky Way Galaxy
A. Expert - I have done a lot of reading in this area
already.
B. Above Average - I have learned some information
about this topic.
C. Moderate - I know a little about this topic.
D. Rookie - I am a blank slate … but ready to learn.
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:LQ1)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Andromeda
Kapteyn
Magellanic
Sagittarius
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:LQ2)
Chapter Overview
 The Milky Way Galaxy
 What Lies Beyond
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Lesson Overview
 The Milky Way Galaxy and the Sun’s
Place In It
 The Four Components of the Galaxy
 Other Planetary Systems
 Black Holes
 The Center of the Milky Way Galaxy
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Click any link below to go directly to polling that question.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Planets that orbit stars outside
5.
A spiral galaxy's central region
the Solar System
6.
Outermost part of a spiral galaxy
Distance light travels in a vacuum 7.
Spherical group of thousands of
in one year
stars
Astronomical unit equal to 3.26
8.
Outer halo
light-years
9.
Electrically neutral particle
Large, flat part of a spiral galaxy
Click here to return to this index.
Click any link below to go directly to polling that question.
10. Star-like object, gives off light, lacks sufficient mass
11. Rotating neutron star that emits beams of radio
12. Two stars that revolve around each other
13. Astronomy branch, measure positions/motions of celestial objects
14. Temporary brightening of light from a distant star
15. Rotating disk of gas orbiting a star
Click here to return to this index.
Click any link below to go directly to polling that question.
16. An object whose escape velocity exceeds the speed of light
17. The radius of a sphere around a black hole from within
which no light can escape
18. A star that grows brighter than usual for a time and then
returns to its original state
Click here to return to this index.
What are your thoughts about
the possibility of discovering
another Earth-like planet?
The Milky Way and the Sun’s
Place in It
The Sun is one of about 200 billion stars
that make up the Milky Way Galaxy
Diameter ranges from about 100,000 to
about 160,000 light-years
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Shape of the Galaxy
Stars are arranged
in a wheel-shaped
disk that circles
around a bulging
center
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Sun’s Location in the
Milky Way
 Sun is about one-third to one-half of the way out
from the galaxy’s center
 Not too long ago scientists thought that the Sun
was at least fairly near the galaxy’s center
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
WOW!
Fact: If you shrank
the sun down to the
size of a white blood
cell and shrunk the
Milky Way galaxy
down using the same
scale, the Milky Way
would be the size of
the United States
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Andromeda, a Galaxy Similar to
the Milky Way
Almost everything you can see in the sky
is in the Milky Way Galaxy
Andromeda is visible in the autumn sky as
a fuzzy patch
2.9T
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
M31: The Andromeda
Galaxy
31st of 103 objects
on Charles
Messier's list of
diffuse sky objects
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Gaia Probe
video
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Astrometry Through the Ages
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Four Components of
the Galaxy
1. The Galaxy Disk
 A galaxy disk is the large, flat part of a
spiral galaxy, rotating around its center
 Contains individual stars, clusters of stars,
and almost all the gas and dust found in the
galaxy
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Four Components of
the Galaxy, cont.
2. The Central Region of the Galaxy
 The nuclear bulge is a spiral galaxy’s
central region
 Milky Way Galaxy’s nuclear bulge is about
2,000 parsecs, or 6,500 light-years, in
diameter
 Packed more densely with stars, dust, and
gas than any other part of the galaxy
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Four Components of
the Galaxy, cont.
3. The Halo
 Galaxy’s halo is the outermost part of a
spiral galaxy, nearly spherical and lying
beyond the spiral
 A globular cluster is a spherical group
of up to hundreds of thousands of stars,
found primarily in a galaxy’s halo
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Four Components of
the Galaxy, cont.
4. The Galactic Corona
 Beyond the galaxy’s halo lies the galactic
corona, or outer halo
 Scientists don’t know what the corona
consists of, but think it may include small
black holes, cool dwarf stars, large numbers
of neutrinos, and other exotic particles
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Black Holes
A black hole is an
object whose escape
velocity exceeds the
speed of light
Escape velocity is the
speed at which an
object must travel to
“escape” a star’s
gravity
A growing black hole, called a quasar,
can be seen at the center of a faraway
galaxy in this artist's concept
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech
Black Holes, cont.
The Three Measurements of a Black Hole:
1. Mass
2. Electric charge,
either positive or
negative
3. Angular momentum
video
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Courtesy of NASA/CXC/M. Weiss
Black Holes, cont.
How Scientists Detect Black Holes:
Because the gravitational field near a
black hole would be so strong, any matter
nearby would orbit very fast
This hot material would radiate energy
It would appear as an X-ray source
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
The Center of the
Milky Way Galaxy
To observe the galactic nucleus, scientists
use wavelengths in the infrared/radio part
of the spectrum or in X-rays and gamma
rays
The massive-black-hole hypothesis seems
to be the best explanation for the energy
source in the Milky Way Galaxy and other
similar galaxies
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
A.
B.
C.
D.
Disk
Nuclear bulge
Halo
Galactic corona
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:LQ3)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Black hole
Brown dwarf
Dust disk
Pulsar
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:LQ4)
Review
 The Milky Way Galaxy is made up of hundreds
of billions of stars that appear hazy from Earth
because the stars blur together
 The Andromeda Galaxy, which is very similar in
appearance to the Milky Way is about 2.9 million
light years away
 It took astronomers until the early twentieth
century to get a good understanding that the
nucleus of the Milky Way Galaxy has a massive
black hole
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
A.
B.
C.
D.
Angular Momentum
Electric Charge
Mass
Size
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:LQ5)
Note to Instructors:
Click the Show/Hide Response Display Button
(AS300-U1C4L1:LQ6)
Summary
 The Milky Way Galaxy and the Sun’s
Place In It
 The Four Components of the Galaxy
 Other Planetary Systems
 Black Holes
 The Center of the Milky Way Galaxy
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Next…
Done – The Milky
Way Galaxy
Next – EXAM prep
Exam - 15 Dec 2016
Luminous Blue Variable
Chapter 4, Lesson 1
Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/UC Berkeley
A.
B.
C.
D.
Exoplanets
Dwarf planets
Galactic planets
Accretion planets
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ1)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Parsec
Astronomical unit
Light-year
Nova
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ2)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Light-year
Parsec
Pulsar
Nova
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ3)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Nuclear bulge
Halo
Galactic corona
Galaxy disk
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ4)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Nuclear bulge
Halo
Galactic corona
Galaxy disk
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ5)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Galactic corona
Accretion disk
Halo
Globular cluster
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ6)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Andromeda galaxy
Globular cluster
Galactic corona
Nuclear bulge
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ7)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Galaxy disk
Globular cluster
Galactic corona
Nuclear bulge
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ8)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Parsec
Neutrino
Pulsar
Nuclear bulge
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ9)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pulsar
Brown dwarf
Dwarf star
Binary star system
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ10)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pulsar
Neutrino
Brown dwarf
Parsec
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ11)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Parsecs
Doppler stars
Astrometry
Binary star system
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ12)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Doppler studies
Astrophysics
Astrometry
Galactic studies
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ13)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Accretion
Microlensing
Pulsar
Occultation
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ14)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Galactic disk
Exoplanetary disk
Accretion disk
Galaxy disk
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ15)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Black hole
Brown dwarf
Pulsar
Nova
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ16)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Accretion radius
Schwarzschild radius
Nova radius
Pulsar radius
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ17)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pulsar
Nova
Parsec
Binary star
1
1
1
1
(AS300-U1C4L1:VQ18)