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OUR PLANET
• We live on the planet earth. On our planet there are high
mountains and hot deserts, clouds, huge oceans and freezing
cold regions and much more elements…. All of them are
organized in different parts as known.. atmosphere, lithosphere
and hydrosphere.
ATMOSPHERE: air
LITHOSPHERE: soil
HYDROSPHERE: water
Biosphere
“The biosphere is the global ecological
system integrating all living beings and
their relationships, including their
interaction with the elements of the
lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere“
In simple words biosphere is the zone of life on earth.
ATMOSPHERE
• The atmosphere is made up of many gases, including
nitrogen and oxygen. We need to breathe oxygen to stay
alive. High up in the atmosphere, a gas called ozone
provides a barrier to harmful radiation from the sun.
• The atmosphere is made up of several layers.
Most of the air we breathe is in the bottom layer
called the troposphere. This extends for 12 miles
(20 kms) above the Earth´s surface. The farthest
layer from Earth is the exosphere, which has very
little gas.Also it has the stratosphere (ozone layer)
and the ionosphere (reflect the ionized energy of
the sun. )
Troposphere: Here we
find most of the air we
breathe. This extend for
20 kms above the Earth
surface
LITHOSPHERE:
• It´s the solid part of the Earth, part of
it , it´s underwater and the other is
where we live. the Earth is made up of
four layers: the crust, mantle , outer
core and inner core.
the crust:
Is the Earth skin- like the peel of an orange.
Beneath the crust is a thick layer, called the
mantle, made of mostly solid rock which subjected
to enough heat and pressure.
• The Earth crust is cracked into huge pieces that
fit together like a giant puzzle. These pieces are
called plates.
The oceans and continents
(landmasses) lie on the plates,
with float on the mantle. The
plates that make up the Earth´s
crust slowly move and rub against
each other. Though they only move
a few inches each year, their
buckling can cause volcanoes and earthquakes.
• The crust is where living things are.
• The mantle:
Is so hot that the rocks have melted,
although not all the rocks are melted all
the time.
• Near the centre of the Earth are two layers of the
planet´s core, which are made of metal.
– The outer core is made of red –hot, molten iron,
nickel, and sulphur.
– The inner core is made of iron, nickel and sulphur.
Although it is solid, this is the hottest part of the
planet.
• It´s the liquid part of the planet Earth and it
is the biggest part of it, but even when the
planet has a lot of water not all it´s useful
for most of the living things because the 94
% is salty water.
• The hydrosphere is often called the "water sphere"
as it includes all the earth's water found in the
oceans, glaciers, streams, lakes, the soil,
groundwater, and in the air.
The hydrosphere interacts with, and is influenced by,
all the other earth spheres. The water of the
hydrosphere is distributed among several different
stores found in the other spheres. Water is held in
oceans, lakes and streams at the surface of the
earth.
• Water is found in vapor, liquid and solid states in the
atmosphere. The biosphere serves as an interface
between the spheres enabling water to move between
the hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere as is
accomplished by plant transpiration. The hydrologic
cycle traces the movement of water and energy
between these various stores and spheres.