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Vocabulary for Matter Cycles Atmosphere—air Hydrosphere—water Lithosphere—land Biosphere—life Decomposer—Organisms such as bacteria, fungi, worms, etc., that break down dead plants and animals. Greenhouse gas—a gas that traps heat around the earth Ozone—a poisonous gas in the atmosphere that protects life from the harmful UV rays from the sun Matter—atoms Fossil fuel—coal, oil, or natural gas. Formed from the remains of dead plants or ocean life. International—many nations. (To protect the atmosphere requires an international effort.) Climate—the long-term average of the weather Depletion—to run out; disappear; go away. If farmers plant the same crops on the same soil year after year, the nutrients in the soil may be depleted. Photosynthesis—plants take in carbon dioxide and water and use sunlight to make sugars. They give off oxygen in the process. Respiration—animals use oxygen to break down food for energy. They give off carbon dioxide and water in the process.