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Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 276 Sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic Expert Meeting Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 6–7 May 2016 UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 276 Sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic Expert Meeting Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 6 – 7 May 2016 UNESCO 2016 IOC Meeting Report No. 276 Paris, September 2016 Original: English The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this publication and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of information in this publication. However, neither UNESCO, nor the authors will be liable for any loss or damaged suffered as a result of reliance on this information, or through directly or indirectly applying it. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariats of UNESCO and IOC concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of the frontiers of any country or territory. For bibliographic purposes this document should be cited as follows: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. 2016. Sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 6–7 May 2016. Paris, UNESCO, pp.36. English and Spanish. (IOC Workshop Reports, 276; (IOC/2016/WR/276 Rev.) Published in 2016 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP UNESCO 2016 Printed in France IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page (i) TABLE OF CONTENTS page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... (ii) 1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES ......................................................................... 1 2. SEISMIC SOURCES IN THE CARIBBEAN WITH TSUNAMIGENIC POTENCIAL AFFECTING THE SOUTH COAST OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. ......................................... 1 3. TECTONIC SETTING OF THE MUERTOS CONVERGENT MARGIN ...................... 4 4. TSUNAMI SOURCES AGREEMENT ......................................................................... 7 ANNEXES1 I. AGENDA1 II. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES III. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS5 IV. LIST OF ACRONYMS1 1 In English only IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page (ii) Executive Summary The southern coast of Dominican Republic is a very populated region, with several important cities including Santo Domingo, its capital. Important activities are rooted in the southern coast including tourism, industry, commercial ports, and, energy facilities, among others. According to historical reports, it has been impacted by big earthquakes accompanied by tsunamis as in Azua in 1751 and recently Pedernales in 2010, but their sources are not clearly identified. With partial support of the European Union funded project "Life-Saving Actions: Disaster preparedness and seismic and tsunami risk reduction in the south coast of San Cristóbal province, Dominican Republic» implemented by UNDP, UNESCO and the Assembly of Cooperation for Peace in Dominican Republic (ACPP), UNESCO together with the Seismological Institute of the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, organized the meeting of experts "Sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic", on 6 and 7 May 2016, with invited experts and specialists of Dominican Republic, France, Haiti, Spain and the United States. The invited experts analysed in a closed meeting three groups of tsunami sources (tectonic sources, landslides and volcanic eruptions) of which they identified two groups of credible sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean that could impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic (tectonic sources and submarine landslides): I. Tectonic Sources: A. Near-field tectonic sources (less than 500 km from impact zone): - Western Muertos Trough (WMT) – Mw 8.0: - Small Muertos Trough 1 (SMT1) – Mw 7.6 - Small Muertos Trough 2 (SMT2) – Mw 7.6 - Muertos Trough Mega-splay (MS) – Mw 7.7 B. Far-field tectonic sources: 1. Southern Caribbean: - Northern Panama Deformed Belt (NPDB) – Mw 8.5 - West branch of the South Caribbean Deformed Belt (WSCDB) – Mw 8.6 - Full South Caribbean Deformed Belt (FSCDB) 2. Northeastern Caribbean: Although the following sources are at less than 500 km of the impact zone, experts classified them as far-field given its expected lower impact: - Puerto Rico Trench (PRT) – Mw 8.6 - Mona Extension Fault (MEF) – Mw 7.6 II. Submarine landslides: Within the different sources discussed only one was considered as a potential threat, a potential landslide located ~100 km off the coast of Santo Domingo, denominated Complutense Slump (CS) by Granja et al. (2014). Volume of slump: 224km3. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES According to historical records, the southern part of the Dominican Republic has been hit by several major earthquakes. Earthquake events such as those occurring in 1664, 1691, 1751, 1701 and 1860 among others, have particularly affected the island. Moreover, some of these events were successful in triggering tsunamis, such as that of 1751 that affected Azua. The earthquake of January 12, 2010 in Haiti, triggered two tsunamis, one of which hit the south coast with waves that reached tsunami heights of more than 3m at Jacmel in Haiti, which is located some 90 km west of Pedernales, Dominican Republic. In Pedernales the 2010 south Haiti tsunami produced 1.3 m runup, which was observed from the boardwalk (Malecón) and recorded on mobile phone videos by local fisherman. It is noted that only 2 km west of Pedernales tsunami runup already exceeded 2 m in Anse-à-Pitre, Haiti. The sources of these earthquakes are not well identified nor their tsunamigenic potential accurately known. Along the southern coast of the Dominican Republic there are several important cities that develop key economic activities such as tourism, mining, fisheries, industry and energy, which would be sensitive to the impact of a possible tsunami. Tsunami preparedness is ongoing in Dominican Republic: Tsunami Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) have been developed by the main agencies responsible for warning and emergency management; seismic monitoring and seismic data sharing has improved as well as the deployment of tide gauge stations to detect sea level anomalies. In an effort to mitigate the impacts of a possible tsunami on the southern coast of the country, the consortium formed by UNDP, UNESCO and the Assembly of Cooperation for Peace in Dominican Republic (ACPP), is implementing the project “Actions” that save lives: Preparation disaster and seismic risk reduction and tsunami on the south coast “, funded by the disaster Preparedness Programme of the European Commission (DIPECHO) under the 2015-2016 Action Plan for the Caribbean. This project seeks to strengthen capacities for prevention, mitigation and response to improve the resilience of communities and institutions in the coastal municipalities of the province of San Cristobal, against earthquakes and tsunamis, particularly in the municipalities of Bajos de Haina, San Gregorio de Nigua and Sabana Grande de Palenque. Understanding that to implement an effective plan of security to minimize the possible effects of tsunamis in the region, it is necessary to identify the sources and their potential. Within the objectives of the project, UNESCO together with the Seismological Institute of the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, organized the meeting of experts “Sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic” to facilitate a scientific debate among experts from Dominican Republic, France, Haiti, Spain and United States. The purpose of this technical scientific meeting was to analyze the seismic sources in the Caribbean with enough potential to trigger tsunamis with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic. 2. SEISMIC SOURCES IN THE CARIBBEAN WITH TSUNAMIGENIC POTENTIAL AFFECTING THE SOUTH COAST OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. The Experts Meeting was divided in two working sections, on May the 6th and the 7th, 2016. The first working session took place at the Library of the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo with over 40 attendees, of which 30 were institutional representatives from the Dominican Republic and other countries, and 9 were speakers. The agenda is available under Annex I. The list of speakers and invited participants can be found in Annex III. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 2 During the first working session, a state of current knowledge was presented, whereas during the second part, experts discussed privately the most likely tsunami sources that might strike the Southern Coast of the Dominican Republic based on current knowledge. General session The technical working session at the Library of the UASD started with the speaker Roger Acosta, former Director of the Seismological Institute of the Dominican Republic. Acosta synthesized the main thirteen earthquakes affecting the Dominican Republic from the first one in 1615 to the last one in 1984. Acosta said six of these caused casualties but just three caused tsunamis. Figure 1.- Kick off meeting Group picture. Figure 2.- Kick off meeting during the working session. Followed Eric Calais, Professor at the École Normale Supérieure (France), who mainly talked about present-day tectonics with GPS comparative measurements between each tectonic plate and microplates in the Caribbean, showing basically how GPS velocities can be interpreted both where there is motion (compression/extension, strike-slip and transitional regimes) and where there are no registered movements (rigid behaviour). IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 3 Newdeskarl St Fleur, from the Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP, France), presented the seismotectonics of the Enriquillo fault system, focussed on the Haiti quake structures and data interpretation. Hermann Fritz, Professor at Georgia Institute of Technology, offered insight on the earthquake and twin tsunamis of Haiti 2010 (Fritz et al., 2013), and the earthquake and tsunami of 1946 through eyewitness interview based field observations surveyed in 2014. Reyes Madera, from Sociedad Dominicana de Sismología e Ingeniería Sísmica (SODOSISMICA, Dominican Republic), reviewed the Dominican rules and regulations related to seismic hazard. He pointed out the FEMA P-646 document “Guidelines for Design of Structures for Vertical Evacuation from Tsunamis. Second Edition (FEMA P-646)” updated on April 1st 2012, as a reference to verify and assess building physical vulnerability. As José Luis Granja Bruña from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid could not attend the meeting, Alberto López , Professor at the University of Puerto Rico, gave a talk in his name, showing the contribution of marine geophysical research to the knowledge and assessment of the seismic hazard in southern Hispaniola. The technical session ended with a talk given by Miguel Llorente (Instituto Geológico y Minero Español) and Jorge Macías (Universidad de Málaga), presenting the results of the project “Evaluación de la amenaza sísmica y vulnerabilidad física del Gran Santo Domingo” with regard to tsunami susceptibility, understanding by such as the output flood extent that a theoretical tsunami source in the Muertos trench would cause. The main finding was that, in general terms, it can be stated that most part of the Great Santo Domingo coastline can be defined as safe, whereas the harbours and river mouths would be the most likely areas of concentrated damage. It also showed that bores caused by a tsunami could flood the river margins even several kilometres upwards from the coastline. Private session During the private session, in the Instituto Sismológico (ISU), long discussions with the international experts gathered led to the identification of the main scenarios to be evaluated as potential tsunamigenic sources. However, given the great uncertainty in the determination of the parameters needed to run the simulations, questions remained to be addressed. It was consensually agreed that these issues should be further discussed in Madrid by the Spanish Geological Survey (IGME, Miguel Llorente), the University of Malaga (UMA, Jorge Macías), the University of Puerto Rico (Alberto López) and the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM, José Luis Granja-Bruña). Figure 3.- Left: IGME, SGN and ONAMET representatives visiting the Instituto Sismológico (UASD) prior to the private meeting. Right: Alberto López, University of Puerto Rico, leading the discussions during the private session. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 4 During the private session, the impact of the proposed seismic sources raised in the technical discussion were preliminarily modelled to provide a first-order simulation and visualizations to gauge the impact of listed sources to the south coast of Dominican Republic. The computations were performed remotely from the UASD in the cluster at the Unit of Numerical Method in the University of Malaga using Tsunami-HySEA numerical model (Macías et al., 2016a and b). This is the first time propagation models have been tested live in order to help the decision making process. A flood model was lunched late in the evening by May the 6th and results were showed during the following session the 7th. The wall clock time for propagation simulations ranged between 1 and 3 minutes, and inundation with 5meter resolution nested meshes in the coastal area took between 1 to 2 hours, real time. This approach served to discard several potential sources during the same discussion as the impact in the south coast of Dominican Republic were shown to be minor by the numerical simulation performed. Figure 4.- Professor Jorge Macías launched live tsunami propagation simulations during the meeting using Tsunami-HySEA model. Among the simulations performed during the meeting were (i) three segments of the Northern Hispaniola Trust Fault (NHTF) (according to IOC Workshop Report 255, page 11), (ii) the “Venezuela scenario” and North of Hispaniola scenarios as taken from Caribe Wave’16 (after amendments), (iii) Panama scenario (from Caribe Wave/LANTEX 15), (iv) Muertos Trench, and (v) Puerto Rico Trench (north of Puerto Rico). Flood estimates were also computed using 10 nested grids @5m resolution for the Venezuela and Haiti scenarios for the Gran Santo Domingo coast line. 3. TECTONIC SETTING OF THE MUERTOS CONVERGENT MARGIN 2 Along the roughly E─W-trending Puerto Rico and Hispaniola trenches, the North American plate converges (i.e., subduction and collision) with the Caribbean plate at a rate of 20.0 ± 0.4 mm/yr along an azimuth of 254 ± 1º (DeMets et al., 2010; Fig. 5). Convergence is thus highly oblique (10º-20º) to the plate boundary, resulting in along-strike segmentation, strain partitioning and microplate tectonics (e.g., Septentrional, Hispaniola and Puerto RicoVirgin Islands blocks; Fig. 5) in the eastern Greater Antilles island arc (Mann et al., 1995, 2002; Calais et al., 2002, 2015; Jansma and Mattioli, 2005; ten Brink and López-Venegas et al., 2012). The highly oblique convergence has been taking place during most of the Cenozoic controlled by deformed belts and left-lateral transcurrent systems (SOFZ and EPGFZ in Fig. 5), and then the eastern Greater Antilles have evolved to an inactive intra-oceanic island arc. 2 Chapter contributed by Jose Luis Granja Bruña IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 5 Figure 5. Tectonic setting of the north-eastern Caribbean. Digital elevation model illuminated from the NE. The offshore model is derived from GEBCO data gridded at 1 arc-minute intervals. The onshore digital elevation model comes from SRTM90 data collected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Thick white arrows show the relative convergence direction between the North American and Caribbean plates. EPGFZ= Enriquillo–Plantain Garden Fault Zone. SOFZ= Septentrional–Oriente Fault Zone. From Eocene ages the eastward motion of the Hispaniola block is being impeded relative to the motion of the Caribbean plate’s interior due to the oblique collision with the Bahamas banks (Mann et al., 2002). The collisional stresses have been transferred southward forming the 650 km-long Muertos convergent margin along the southern slopes of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico (Granja Bruña, 2008). Deformation style changes along-strike from a lowangle southward-verging thrust south of eastern Hispaniola, to collision and uplift in southcentral Hispaniola because of the north-eastward impingement of the thick aseismic Beata ridge, and to left-lateral transpression along the Southern peninsula of Haiti in western Hispaniola. Studies on the deformational features along the Muertos margin (Granja Bruña et al., 2009, 2014, 2015), together with sandbox kinematic (ten Brink et al., 2009), gravity (Granja Bruña et al., 2010) and wide-angle seismic modeling (Llanes Estrada et al., 2012), suggest the absence of a true subduction of the Caribbean plate’s interior beneath the island arc along the Muertos Trough. The Muertos thrust belt is more likely a retro wedge forming part of a bivergent crustal wedge system surrounding the eastern Greater Antilles island arc during unidirectional subduction (i. e., along the Puerto Rico and Hispaniola trenches; Fig., 6). The Muertos convergent margin shows two main structural and morphological features: the Muertos thrust belt and the Muertos trough (Muertos thrust belt-trough system, Granja Bruña, 2008; Fig., 7). The E─W-trending Muertos trough, with maximum water depths of 5500 m, marks the boundary between the Caribbean plate´s interior and the eastern Greater Antilles island arc (Fig. 5). The Caribbean plate’s interior is occupied by the extended Venezuelan basin that contains sedimentary beds from the Upper Cretaceous to recent times. The Muertos thrust belt is formed by the offscraping and accretion of pelagic sediments on the thickened oceanic crust of the Caribbean plate´s interior and turbiditic sediments derived from the island arc (Granja Bruña et al., 2009). The Muertos thrust belt exhibits a southward transport direction and a progressive eastward narrowing, suggesting that the convergence rate decreases form W to E (Granja Bruña et al., 2015). Model slip rates of the current convergence IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 6 in the western Muertos margin based in GPS-derived velocities estimates 7-4 mm/y of shortening, decreasing eastward to 0.2 mm/yr to the south of Puerto Rico (Calais et al., 2015). Figure 6. Conceptual tectonic cross sections across the North American–Caribbean plate boundary in eastern Hispaniola (ten Brink et al., 2009). The Muertos convergent margin shows a good structural analogy with other wellstudied offshore active thrust belts and accretionary prisms around the world. The active thrust belt shows a stepped slope resulting from long-lived active folding and thrusting in a thin-skin tectonic style over seismic horizons that extend northward from the Venezuelan basin (Granja Bruña et al., 2009; Fig. 7). The northward steeply-dipping reflectors suggest highly deformed materials forming a fold-and-thrust belt with a prevailing south-verging imbricate structure over a detachment located within the Venezuelan basin sedimentary section. In the south of Dominican Republic this detachment extends beneath the deformed wedge to distances up to 25 km northwards from the deformation front dipping northward 8-10º (Fig. 7). The surface expression of the Muertos thrust belt is a highly-stepped slope characterized by an alternation of asymmetric elongated troughs and anticline ridges oriented sub-parallel to the deformation front (Figs. 7 and 8), which are underlain by northward-dipping thrust faults (i.e., fault-propagation folds). The sinuous morphology in map view of the deformation front is ascribed to tectonic erosion caused by the thrusting of basement highs and seamounts (Granja Bruña et al., 2009, 2014). The effects of the tectonic erosion propagate landward segmenting the east–west trending fabric of the imbricate thrust belt. Generally, the thrusting of basement highs yields a local over-steepening of the taper slope and occasionally triggers large slope failures (e.g., Complutense slump in Fig. 8). This fact implies that if any of these large gravity instabilities take place as a single and quick event, they could generate significant tsunami (Carbó-Gorosabel et al., 2011). Figure 7. a) Post-stack migrated multi-channel seismic profile. V.E. is 6.6× on the seafloor. b) Line drawing interpretation. M = seafloor mound. Modified from Granja Bruña et al. (2014). IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 7 In the mid-slope of the active thrust belt there are several steep along-strike slope breaks forming bathymetric escarpments that are the surface expression of out-of-sequence, southward-verging, low-angle dipping faults that are thrusting over downslope imbricate systems (Mega-splay faults, Fig. 8). The well preserved morphology of the escarpments along strike and the frequent slope failures due to the ongoing over-steepening suggest that these structures are active. Some of these active out-of-sequence thrust faults can be traced for almost 200 km-long. This fact implies that if they rupture along their entire length, they could generate earthquakes of large magnitude (Carbó-Gorosabel et al., 2011). The upper slope of the Muertos margin has extended and thick slope deposits, burying the rear zone of the Muertos thrust belt, and southward-tilted island arc blocks (Figs. 7 and 8). The San Pedro basin is the main tectonic and sedimentological feature. The upper slope of the Muertos margin shows thick slope deposits where the shallow extensional tectonics and frequent small slumping processes predominate. Figure 8. Digital elevation model illuminated from the NE. The offshore model is derived from 150 mgridded swath bathymetry data from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (rough aspect regions; Projects founded by the Spanish Government: REN2003-08520, CTM2006-13666; CGL 2010-17715) and from GEBCO data gridded at 1 arc-minute intervals (smooth aspect regions). The onshore digital elevation model comes from SRTM90 data collected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). 4. TSUNAMI SOURCES AGREEMENT The objectives of the meeting were met to a great extent. A consensus was reached on the tsunami sources; however, a complete and precise definition of all the parameters describing the sources is required in order to be used as input in the numerical model. This process in which accurate definitions of each source was obtained, occurred after GIS analysis of sources provided, including the suggested changes proposed by Dr José Luis Granja Bruña (Complutense University of Madrid) and his experts team (Dr Andrés Carbó-Gorosabel, M.Sc. Álvaro Rodríguez) during a follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th May 2016 in Madrid, Spain, with the presence of Dr Jorge Macías (University of Málaga), Dr Miguel Llorente IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 8 (Spanish Geological Survey), and Dr Alberto López (University of Puerto Rico-via videoconference). Tsunami sources that could affect the Southern coast of the Dominican Republic were identified into the following three main groups (Figure 6): (a) Tectonic sources, (b) Submarine landslides, and (c) Volcanic eruptions. Please refer to Table 1 for details of the sources below. I. Tectonic Sources: These sources involve a relatively shallow depth seismic event with enough energy release to rupture the sea-floor and generate a significant tsunami through the resulting deformation. These can either be in the near field or in the far field (teletsunamis). Here we discuss first local tectonic sources and then present regional or distant potential sources that can affect the area of interest. A. Near-field tectonic sources: Tsunami sources in this category are located in the vicinity of the area of study (less than 500 km) so that first arrival waves of the tsunami will reach coastal zones in less than 20 minutes. Discussions among experts agreed on four main sources: 1. Western Muertos Trough (WMT) – Mw 8.0: The western portion of the Muertos thrust belt defined here consists of a 290 km long rupture area oriented parallel to the strike of the Muertos thrust belt and shallowly dipping towards the north at 9 degrees. The rupture area has a WNW-ESE strike of 100 degrees and a width of 30 km. With an average slip of 4 meters, this rupture area is capable of generating a Mw8.0 event. The figure below shows the along-strike length of the source with the yellow star marking the centroid of the earthquake. 2. Small Muertos Trough (SMT): Previous source WMT above has been further subdivided into two smaller sources denominated as SMT1 and SMT2 having shorter rupture lengths and featuring Mw 7.6. The figures below show the along-strike length of the source with the yellow star marking the centroid of the earthquake. a. SMT1 - Mw 7.6: This smaller source is characterized by the western part of the WMT found at the western terminus of the Muertos thrust belt where the deformation and relief is more prominent. Due to its location, this source is expected to affect the Greater Santo Domingo area more than the eastern segment SMT2 (below). IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 9 b. SMT2 – Mw 7.6: This is the second smaller source derived from WMT located east of SMT1, and is expected to affect mostly the eastern part of the island. 3. Muertos Trough Mega-splay (MS) – Mw 7.7: A mega-splay has been identified by Granja Bruña et al. (2014) along the western terminus of the Muertos thrust belt. The same authors have suggested this mega-splay can pose a tsunami threat to the evaluation area. According to multi-channel seismic lines, the mega-splay dips 14 degrees to the north, and meets the detachment fault at depth. The experts suggest this tsunami source corresponds to a Mw8.0 event with similar fault dimensions to the WMT source listed above (190 km x 20 km) and an average slip of 3 meters. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 10 B. Far-field tectonic sources: Sources in this category are located farther than 500 km from the area of study so that first tsunami waves are expected to arrive in more than 20 minutes since the onset of the tsunami. For the area of study, the experts group has identified 5 potential sources in two specific regions. 1. Southern Caribbean: A minimum of 1 hour of tsunami travel time is required to affect the southern coast of the Dominican Republic from sources along the southern Caribbean region. These sources have been receiving attention during the past decade as potential tsunami threats to the Caribbean. - a. Northern Panamá Deformed Belt (NPDB) - Mw 8.5: This scenario is a variation of the CaribeWave 2015 exercise in which only the eastern segment of that scenario has been used as a source for the region. The eastern segment is characterized by a full frontal collision of the Panamá block overriding Caribbean plate oceanic crust. The plate motions in this corner of the Caribbean result in almost pure thrust rakes along a 243 km segment striking towards the southeast making the Colombia Caribbean coast highly vulnerable, and potentially affecting the southern Dominican Republic coast. - b. Southern Caribbean Deformed Belt (SCDB): This source is divided between a significant western segment and a full SCDB segment. o West branch of the South Caribbean Deformed Belt (WSCDB) – Mw 8.6: Recent geodynamic studies have suggested considerable locking occurs at the western section of the SCDB. Although minimal seismic and paleotsunami evidence has been found that would suggest significant risk for the region, the fact that current plate motion places full thrust along the 500 km long NE-SW striking deformation front makes this geologic feature worth studying to mitigate its potential. o Full Southern Caribbean Deformed Belt (FSCDB) – Mw 8.8: The full SCDB segment is a composite source rupturing a total of 1000 km starting at the western segment mentioned above (WSCDB) through the eastern portion of the SCDB north of Venezuela. The potential of the WSCDB is currently uncertain, therefore rupturing the entire source is at present highly unknown and likely improbable. However, we are considering this entire segment as a potential source despite the fact that this entire region has not produced such an earthquake for the past few million years as the interplate motion is mostly IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 11 accommodated along the northern margin of South America (El Pilar fault system). 2. Northeastern Caribbean: Although these two sources are in the vicinity of the Puerto Rico – Dominican Republic area they produce waves that are smaller in amplitudes and longer arrival times to the area of study, therefore, the experts have considered them in the far-field domain. - a. Puerto Rico Trench (PRT) – Mw 8.6: Source parameters are taken from the ICG/CARIBE-EWS Working Group 2 suggestions (López et al., 2015). The tsunami is generated by a rupture in the Puerto Rico Trench from a purely thrust mechanism equivalent to a Mw 8.6 earthquake. Although the waves produced by this earthquake will affect mostly the northern parts of Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, waves are expected to travel through the Mona Passage and refract towards the area of study in southern Dominican Republic. - B. Mona Extension Fault (MEF) – Mw 7.6: Recent studies by Chaytor and ten Brink (2010) have identified systematic normal faults oriented NW-SE throughout the seafloor of the Mona Passage. This evidence has been used to suggest a potential tsunami-triggering fault in the region that could adversely affect the southern Dominican Republic. II. Submarine landslides: A maximum of three sources were discussed in the meeting, however, after careful evaluation only one of these sources has been considered a potential threat: - The Complutense Slump (CS). Volume of slump: 224km3. Volume estimation was obtained from multichannel seismic profiles in which an average height of 0.7 km of material was removed during the occurrence of the landslide. The tsunami simulation will require bringing the bathymetry of the region to the pre-landslide state. Figure below and Figure 8 show the location and orientation of the CS. Other landslides scenarios that were considered (originating at the Beata Ridge and along the Saona Escarpment were revised and discussed, however, current data and recent research studies have been used to conclude that these hypothetical alternatives are unlikely and therefore were not considered in this study. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 12 III. Volcanic Eruptions: Tsunamis triggered by volcanic eruption, mainly from two potential sources (Kick’em Jenny volcano and Canary Islands) were discussed. However, in the occurrence any of these two sources trigger a tsunami, the effect to the study area will have minimal or non-significant effects and therefore were not considered for this study During the meeting, tsunami source parameters were discussed and agreed following the relationship between earthquake magnitude and rupture size as well references from different scientific papers (see Wells and Coppersmith (1984). Figure 9 shows useful visualizations in helping determine the sources described during the meeting. Moment magnitude (Mw) for each tectonic source was computed using the relation with the Seismic ̅ , where 𝜇 is the rigidity of the rock or shear modulus, 𝑆 is the Moment equation: 𝑀0 = 𝜇𝑆𝐷 ̅ is the average slip displacement in meters along the surface area of the rupture plane, and 𝐷 fault plane. For all computations in Table 1, a typical value of 3.3 x 1011 dyne/cm2 was used. Figure 9.- Figures illustrating fault plane characteristics, fault dynamics and rupture plane to be considered as references for the determination of sources. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 13 Figure 10.- General overview of main tectonic structures (from http://ig.utexas.edu/marine-andtectonics/plates-project/; background elevation from GEBCO08). Red boxes include the following sources: box 1, near sources (WMT, SMT1, SMT2, MS, PRT, MEF, CS); boxes 2 to 5: distant sources (NPDB, WSCDB, FSCDB); boxes 6 and 7 other sources (not included in 0). Table 1.- Tsunami source parameters provided during the meeting. Lat/Long coordinates are in WGS84. Strike, dip and rake in degrees. Depth, length and width in km. Depth is expressed as Water depth / Earthquake depth in some cases. Values of event Mw were computed using the Seismic Moment relationship (see text for description). Relations between average displacement (D) and fault dimensions for M0 computations were estimated following Wells and Coppersmith (1994) equation [5.08 + 1.16 * Log(SRL)]. Source FSCDB below with star indicate a composite source using two segments; WSCDB and ESCDB, western and eastern SCDB segments, respectively. Lon Water/EQ Strike Dip Depth Scenario Lat Rake Slip Length Width Mw 1. WMT 17.6 69.5 2.7/2.5 100 9 90 4 290 30 8.0 2. SMT1 17.6 70.0 3.8/2.5 105 11 90 3 140 25 7.6 3. SMT2 17.4 68.7 3.7/2.5 95 10 90 3 150 25 7.6 IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 14 4. MS 17.7 69.8 2/3.5 99 14 90 3 190 20 7.7 5. NPDB 9.8 77.8 25 142 40 90 10 243 80 8.5 6. WSCDB 12.3 73.7 25 53 17 90 7.4 500 90 8.6 7. ESCDB* 13.1 69.3 20 96 20 90 8.03 500 90 8.7 8. FSCDB** **Composite sources (WSCDB + ESCDB) ** 9. PRT 19.3 66.5 20 86 20 23 8.0 500 110 8.7 10. MEF 18.3 67.8 10 290 70 270 6.0 80 20 7.6 *Eastern segment of the Southern Caribbean Deformed Belt was not simulated as a single source. ** Entire rupture of the Southern Caribbean Deformed Belt using both western and eastern segments. Scenario Lat Long Water Depth (km) Volume CS 17.6 -69.6 3.4 320 km2 x 0.7 km = 224 km3 IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex I ANNEX I AGENDA Experts Meeting on Sources of tsunamis in the Caribbean with possibility to impact the southern coast of the Dominican Republic 6 - 7 May 2016, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic DAY 1 09:40 Objetivos de la reunión de expertos, Bernardo ALIAGA, UNESCO 09:50 Terremotos que han afectado ciudades de la costa sur de la República Dominicana, Roger ACOSTA, ex-director Instituto de Sismología, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo ISU/UASD 10:20 Present-day tectonics and hazard in the northeastern Caribbean from GPS measurements, Dr Eric CALAIS, Professor, Department Head, École Normale Supérieure, France 11:00 Receso 11:15 Seismotectonics of the Enriquillo Fault System, Dr Newdeskarl ST FLEUR 11:45 Characterization of the tsunami waves associated with the 4 august 1946 Dominican Republic earthquake based on eyewitness interviews, Dr Hermann FRITZ, Associate Professor, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering 12:15 Tsunamis, posible influencia en las edificaciones y cómo afectan el reglamento sísmico, Ing. Leonardo REYES MADERA, Presidente de SODOSISMICA 12:45 Almuerzo 14:00 Contribution of marine geophysical research to the knowledge and assessment of the seismic hazard in southern Hispaniola, by Dr J.L. GRANJA BRUÑA, Lecturer at Geodynamics Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (presented by Dr Alberto LÓPEZ, Associate Professor, Department of Geology, University of Puerto Rico – Mayagüez 14:30 Resultados de la Modelación del impacto de tsunamis en la costa sur de la República Dominicana, Dr Miguel LLORENTE, Instituto de Geología y Minería de España (IGME) y Dr Jorge MACÍAS, Dpto. Análisis Matemático, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga 15:00 Receso 15:30 Intercambio de opiniones y consultas a los expertos, Moderación por Prof. Eugenio POLANCO, Director del Instituto de Sismología, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo. 16:30 Cierre del primer día DAY 2 09:00 Trabajo en plenario. Sesión de expertos para discutir acerca de las fuentes sísmicas creíbles en el Caribe con suficiente potencial para producir tsunamis que puedan afectar a la costa sur de la República Dominicana. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 page 2 10:30 Receso. 10:45 Continuación Sesión de expertos. 12:30 Almuerzo. 14:00 Discusión y Conclusiones 15:00 Cierre de la reunión. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex II ANNEX II BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES Bakun, W. H., Flores, C. H. and ten Brink, U. 2012. Significant earthquakes on the Enriquillo Fault System, Hispaniola, 1500-2010: Implications for Seismic Hazard. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 102, No.1, pp. 18–30. Barkan, R., ten Brink, U. and Lin, J., 2009. Far field tsunami simulations of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake: Implications for tsunami hazard to the U.S. East Coast and Caribbean. Marine Geology, Vol. 264, pp. 109–122 Barkan R. and ten Brink, U.S. 2010. Tsunami simulations of the 1867 Virgin Islands earthquake: Constraints on epicenter location and fault parameters. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol.100, No. 3, pp. 995–1009 (doi: 10.1785/0120090211) Calais, E., Mazabraud, Y., Mercier de Lepinay, B., Mann, P., Mattioli, G., Jansma, P., 2002. Strain partitioning and fault slip rates in the north-eastern Caribbean from GPS measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 1856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015397. Calais, E., Symithe, S., Mercier de Lépinay, B., Prépetit, C., 2015. Plate boundary segmentation in the northeastern Caribbean from geodetic measurements and Neogene geological observations. C. R. Geoscience 348 (2016) 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2015.10.007 Carbo-Gorosabel, A., Granja Bruña, J., Llanes Estrada, M., Munoz Martín, A., Gómez Ballesteros, M., Druet, M., Martin-Dávila, J., Pazos, A., Catalán, M., ten Brink, U. S., Hernaiz-Huerta, P., Olaiz, A. J., Torres, R., Brothers, D. S., 2011. Marine geophysical research helps to assess the seismic hazard at the Hispaniola Island, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2011: @AbstractT33G-2493. Chaytor, J.D., and ten Brink, U.S., Extension in Mona Passage, Northeast Caribbean, Tectonophysics, v. 493, p. 74-92, 2010 Crain, E.E. 1994. Historic architecture in the Caribbean Islands. University Press of Florida. (ISBN 978-0-8130-1293-3) DeMets, C. and Wiggins-Grandison, W. 2007. Deformation of Jamaica and motion of the Gonâve microplate from GPS and seismic data. Geophysical Journal International, Vol.168, No.1, pp. 362–378. DeMets, C., Gordon, R.G., Argus, D.F., 2010. Geologically current plate motions. Geophys. J. Int. 181, 1–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04491.x. Frankel, A., Harmsen, S., Mueller, C., Calais, E. and Haase, J. 2010. Documentation for initial seismic hazard maps for Haiti. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 20101067, pp.12. Fritz, H. M., Vilmond Hillaire, J., Molière, E., Wei, Y. and Mohammed, F. 2012. Twin Tsunamis Triggered by the 12 January 2010 Haiti Earthquake. Pure and Applied Geophysics, Vol. 170, pp. 1463–1474 (ISSN 0033-4553; DOI 10.1007/s00024-0120479-3) IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex II – page 2 Granja Bruña, J. L. 2008. Geodinámica del Borde Sur de las Antillas Mayores Orientales. Ph.D. Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 305p. ISBN: 978-84-692-7196-4. http://eprints.ucm.es/9562/ Granja Bruña, J.L., ten Brink, U.S., Carbó-Gorosabel, A., Muñoz-Martín, A., Gómez Ballesteros, M., 2009. Morphotectonics of the central Muertos thrust belt and Muertos Trough (northeastern Caribbean). Mar. Geol. (ISSN: 0025-3227) 263, 7–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.03.010. Granja Bruña, J.L., Muñoz-Martín, A., ten Brink, U.S., Carbó-Gorosabel, A., Llanes Estrada, P., Córdoba-Barba, D., Martín-Dávila, J., Catalán Morollón, M., 2010. 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Harbitz,C.B., Glimsdal S., Bazin S., Zamora N., Løvholt F., Bungum H., Smebye H., Gauer P., Kjekstad O. 2012. Tsunami hazard in the Caribbean: Regional exposure derived from credible worst case scenarios. Continental Shelf Research, Vol.8, pp.1–23, (doi:10.1016/j.csr.2012.02.006) Heck, N.H. 1947. List of seismic sea waves. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 269–286. Horrillo, J., López, A., Huérfano, V.and Mercado, A. 2013. Advanced tsunami numerical simulations of the Puerto Rico October 11, 1918 Mona passage tsunami. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. Vol. 45, No. 2, pp.57 (https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013SE/webprogram/Paper216141.html) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. 2013. Earthquake and tsunami hazard in Northern Haiti: Historical events and potential sources (Meeting of experts). Paris, UNESCO, pp.29 (IOC/2013/WR/255). Jansma, P.E., Mattioli, G.S., 2005. GPS results from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands: constraints on tectonic setting and rates of active faulting. In: Mann, P. (Ed.), Active Tectonics and Seismic Hazards of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Offshore Areas. Geological Society of America, pp. 13e30. Special Paper 385. Llanes Estrada, P., ten Brink, U., Granja Bruña, J.L., Carbó-Gorosabel, A., Flores, C., Villaseñor, A., Martín Dávila, J., Pazos, A., 2012. True subduction vs. underthrusting of the Caribbean plate beneath Hispaniola, northern Caribbean. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting EOS, Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract T13A-2567. IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex II – page 3 López, AM, Chacon S, Zamora N., Audemard F, Dondin F., Clouard V., Løvholt L, Harbitz C., Vanacore E., Huérfano V., Tsunamis from Tectonic Sources along Caribbean Plate Boundaries, poster AGU Fall Meeting, December 2015. Macías, J., Castro, M.J., Ortega, O., Escalante, C., González-Vida, J.M. (2016a). TsunamiHySEA Benchmark results. In Report on the 2015 NTHMP Current Modeling Workshop. Feb. 9-10, 2015. Portland, Oregon. Pages 115-134. Macías, J., Castro, M.J., Ortega, O., Escalante, C., González-Vida, J.M. (2016b). NTHMP Benchmarking of Tsunami-HySEA model for propagation and inundation. NTHMP report. Submitted to MMS/NTHMP. Mann, P., Taylor, F.W., Edwards, R.L., Ku, T.L., 1995. Actively evolving microplate formation by oblique collision and sideways motion along strike–slip faults: an example from north-western Caribbean plate margin. Tectonophysics 246, 1–69. Mann, P., Calais, E., Ruegg, J.-C., DeMets, C., Jansma, P.E., 2002. Oblique collision in the north-eastern Caribbean from GPS measurements and geological observations. Tectonics 2 (6), 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001TC0011304,2002. Milne, J. 1911. Catalogue of Destructive Earthquakes A.D. 7 to A.D.1899. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 649–740. O'Loughlin, K. F. and Lander J.F. 2003. 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(http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/dissertations/AAI1529821/) Taber, S. 1922. The seismic belt of the Greater Antilles. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 199-219. ten Brink, U.S., Bakun W.H. and Flores C.H. 2011. Historical perspective on seismic hazard to Hispaniola and the northeast Caribbean region. Journal of Geophysical Research; Solid Earth, Vol. 106, Issue B12. ten Brink U.S., Bakun W.H. and Flores C.H. 2013. Reply to a comment by Carol S. Prentice, Paul Mann,and Luis R. Peña on: “Historical perspective on seismic hazard to Hispaniola and the northeast Caribbean region” by U. ten Brink et al. (2011). Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 118, pp. 1606–1608 (doi:10.1002/jgrb.50147) IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex II – page 4 ten Brink, U.S., Marshak, S., Granja-Bruña, J.L., 2009. Bivergent thrust wedges surrounding oceanic island arcs: insight from observations and sandbox models of the northeastern Caribbean plate. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 121 (11–12), 1522–1536. DOI:10.1130/B26512.1 ten Brink, U.S., Lopez-Venegas, A., 2012. Plate interaction in the NE Caribbean subduction zone from continuous GPS observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L10304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051485. Tuttle, M.P., Prentice C.S., Dyer-Williams K., Peña L.R. and Burr G. 2003. Late Holocene Liquefaction Features in the Dominican Republic: A Powerful Tool for Earthquake Hazard Assessment in the northeastern Caribbean, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 93, No. 1, pp.27–46. Wells, D.L. & Coppersmith, J.C. (1994), New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am 84(4): 974-1002. Zahibo, N., Pelinovsky, E., Yalciner, A. C., Kurkin, A., Koselkov, A. and Zaitsev, A. 2003. The 1867 Virgin Island Tsunami. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, Vol. 3, pp.367-376 (doi:10.5194/nhess-3-367-2003) IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex III ANNEX III LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Expositores Mr Roger ACOSTA Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Eric CALAIS Ecole Normale Supérieure (France) France Email: [email protected] Sr Nino FELIZ Vicerrector Extensión Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo Avenida Alma Mater Ciudad Universitaria Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Dr Hermann FRITZ Associate Professor Georgia Institute of Technology 790 Atlantic Drive Atlanta Georgia 30332-0355 United States Tel: 1-404-385-1803 Email: [email protected] Dr Miguel LLORENTE ISIDRO3 Jefe de la Unidad de Galicia Instituto Geológico y Minero de España Rúa do Cardeal Paya, 18, 1º Santiago de Compostela, Spain Tel: 0034 981 562 285 Fax: 0034 981 57 2039 Email: [email protected] Dr Alberto Manuel LOPEZ VENEGAS 4 Catedrático Auxiliar, Departamento de Geología University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Mayaguez Mayaguez Puerto Rico - 00681 Puerto Rico Tel: (787) 8324040 ext 2704 Email: [email protected] 3 Participated also at the follow meeting follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th may 2016 in Madrid, Spain 4 Participated also at the follow meeting follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th may 2016 in Madrid, Spain (via video-conference) Jorge MACIAS SANCHEZ 5 Professor Universidad de Málaga Facultad de Ciencias Campus de Teatinos, s/n 29080 Málaga, Spain Tel: (+34) 952132016 Fax: (+34) 952132000 Email: [email protected] Sra Luciana MERMET Representante Residente Adjunta PNUD Dominican Republic Casa de las Naciones Unidas Avenida Anacaona #9, Mirador Sur Apartado 1424 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Lic. Eugenio POLANCO RIVERA Director Instituto Sismológico Universitario, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo Ciudad Universitaria Santo Domingo Distrito Nacional Dominican Republic Tel: 1809-533-5900 Fax: 1809-532-1023 Email: [email protected] Ing. Leonardo REYES MADERA Presidente Sociedad Dominicana de Sismología e Ingeniería Sísmica Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Newdeskarl SAINT FLEUR 1, rue Jussieu 75005 Paris, France Email: [email protected] Mr Bernardo ALIAGA Programme Specialist, Tsunami Unit Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 5 Participated also at the follow meeting follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th may 2016 in Madrid, Spain IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex III – page 2 7 Place de Fontenoy 75732 Paris Cedex 07, France Tel: +33 1 45 68 39 80 Fax: +33 1 45 68 50 10 Email: [email protected] Dr José Luis Granja Bruña6 Lecturer, Departamento de Geodinámica. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain. Tel: +34 913 944 832 Email: [email protected] Dr Andrés Carbó-Gorosabel7 Profesor Honorífico, Departamento de Geodinámica. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain. Email: [email protected] M.Sc. Álvaro Rodríguez-Zurrunero8, Departamento de Geodinámica. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain. Email: [email protected] Participantes Ing. Juan Alberto CHALAS Sociedad Dominicana de Sismología e Ingeniería Sísmica Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Mr David CRUZ RODRIGUEZ Coordinador Nacional de Albergues Defensa Civil de la República Dominicana Avenida Ortega y Gasset esquina Pepillo Salcedo, Plaza de la Salud, Frente a CEDIMA Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Indhira DE JESÚS Directora de Proyecto Programa de Planificación para la Adaptación Climática Dominican Republic Tel: +18094828308 Email: [email protected] Arq. Carlos DE LA CRUZ HABITAT proyecto “Fortaleciendo la resiliencia urbana a 6 Participated also at the follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th may 2016 in Madrid, Spain través de la protección humanitaria, la gestión de centros colectivos y la comunicación en San Cristóbal” San Cristóbal Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Amelia DESCHAMPS Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Elvin DOMINGUEZ Defensa Civil de la República Dominicana Avenida Ortega y Gasset esquina Pepillo Salcedo, Plaza de la Salud, Frente a CEDIMA Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Mr Erick DORREJO Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Paula DUQUE Encargada de Monitoreo y Evaluación del Proyecto Tercera Comunicación Nacional de Cambio Climático Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Maria EUGENIA MORALES Oficial de Programas de Medio Ambiente PNUD Dominican Republic Casa de las Naciones Unidas Avenida Anacaona #9, Mirador Sur Apartado 1424 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Sr Heriberto Antonio FABIAN ESPINAL Enc. Oficina de Vigilancia Met. Aeronáutica. aeropuerto Int. de Las Americas, Rep. Dom ONAMET, RD. PUNTO FOCAL, ICG/CARIBE EWS Santo Domingo, Este 1153 República Dominicana Santo Domingo, Este Dominican Republic Tel: 829 932 2318 y 809 391-3235 Fax: 809-597-9842 y 809-549-0256, 809 5491291 Email: [email protected] 7 Participant at the follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th may 2016 in Madrid, Spain 8 Participant at the follow-up meeting celebrated ad hoc the 25th may 2016 in Madrid, Spain IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex III – page 3 Eufemio FELIZ Defensa Civil Nigua Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Mr Marco Antonio GIRALDO PNUD Dominican Republic Casa de las Naciones Unidas Avenida Anacaona #9, Mirador Sur Apartado 1424 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Mr Lionel JOTTIN Sismólogo Instituto Sismológico Universitario, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Mr Bolívar LEDESMA Oficina Nacional de Meteorología 1153 Santo Domingo Este Distrito Nacional Dominican Republic Tel: 8097881122 ext.242 Fax: 8095932601 Email: [email protected] Mr. Lloyd LYNCH Research Fellow University of the West Indies, Seismic Research Centre Seismic Research Centre St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago Tel: 1 868 662 4659 Fax: 1 868 663 9293 Email: [email protected] Félix MARTÍNEZ Investigador Centro Nacional de Sismologia Calle José Dolores Alfonseca, Ciudad Universitaria 10105 Distrito Nacional Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Magdalena MARTINEZ DEL CERRO Asistente Técnica Operativa PNUD Dominican Republic Avenida Independencia #18 Plaza Luperón 1er Piso, Local # 16 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Tel: +18095307700 Email: [email protected] Mr Elieser MATOS VARGAS Técnico en Proyectos de Desarrollo, Experto en Gestión de Riesgos Calle Club de Leones No. 41 Sarmiento San Pedro de Macorís Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Andrés MORETA Investigador Centro Nacional de Sismologia Calle José Dolores Alfonseca, Ciudad Universitaria 10105 Distrito Nacional Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Sr. Santiago José MUÑOZ TAPIA Director Servicio Geológico Nacional Av. Winston Churchill No. 75 Edificio J. F. Martínez, 3er piso, Ensanche Piantíni Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Tel: +1 809 732 0363 Email: [email protected] Mr Luis Ramón PENA LANTIGUA Managing Director Fundación Dominicana para la Gestión de Riesgos (FUNDOGER) Dominican Republic Tel: 1-809-276-1112; 1-809-276-1118; 1-809706-4898 Email: [email protected] Ms Ana María PEREZ CASTANO Encargada de Programas Gestión de Riesgos PNUD Dominican Republic Casa de las Naciones Unidas Avenida Anacaona #9, Mirador Sur Apartado 1424 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Zaira PUJOLS Coordinadora Local Plan International proyecto “Fortaleciendo la resiliencia urbana a través de la protección humanitaria, la gestión de centros colectivos y la comunicación en San Cristóbal” San Cristóbal Dominican Republic Tel: +1 829 344 7652 Email: [email protected] IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex III – page 4 Ms Laura RATHE Coordinadora de Investigación Fundación Plenitud Calle Arabia #1, primer piso Arroyo Hondo Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Tel: +1809-563-1805 Email: [email protected] Technician Wagner E. RIVERA ESTEVEZ Forecaster Assistant and Member Tsunamis Warning Unit. ONAMET: Oficina Nacional de Meteorologia National Meteorological Service 809 Santo Domingo Provincia Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Tel: 8098177034 Email: [email protected] Mr Bernardo RODRIGUEZ Coordinador de Proyecto PNUD Dominican Republic Avenida Independencia #18 Plaza Luperon 1er piso, Local #16 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] PE/ PLS Carlos RODRIGUEZ CEO - Civil Engineer & Land Surveyor Ave. Rómulo Betancourt No. 297 Plaza Madelta III Suite 303 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Tel: 1 829 645 9490 Fax: 1 809 533 8959 Email: [email protected] Ing. Mayra SANCHEZ Ing. Hidrólogo Fundacion Naturaleza, Ambiente y Desarrollo Costa Rica 139, Alma Rosa I, Santo Domingo Oriental 11503 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ing. Sergio TEJADA Ing, Hidrólogo Fundación Naturaleza, Ambiente y Desarrollo Costa Rica 139, Alma Rosa I, Santo Domingo Oriental 11503 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ms Julissa UREÑA Punto Focal Coordinación - Oficina Antena UNESCO Santo Domingo Casa de las Naciones Unidas Avenida Anacaona #9, Mirador Sur Apartado 1424 Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Tel: +1 (809)884-5472 Email: [email protected] Ms Neris VANDERHORST Comisión Nacional de Emergencia Plaza de la Salud, Ens. La Fe Santo Domingo Dominican Republic Tel: 809-472-0909 Ext. 233 Email: [email protected] Arq Iris VENTURA Encargada Depto. Planeamiento Urbano Ayuntamiento Sabana Grande de Palenque Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] Ing. Kirsis ZAPATA Dominican Republic Email: [email protected] IOC Workshop Reports, 276 Annex IV ANNEX IV LIST OF ACRONYMS ACPP Asamblea de cooperación para la paz CS Complutense slump DIPECHO Disaster Preparedness Programme of the European Commission FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FSCDB Full Southern Caribbean Deformed Belt GEBCO08 The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans GPS Global Positioning System IGME Instituto Geológico y Minero de España IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission ISU/UASD Instituto Sismológico Universitario(National Seismological Center now) /Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo MS Mega-splay fault MT Muertos Trough Mw Moment magnitude NPDB Northern Panama Deformed Belt ONAMET Oficina Nacional de Meteorología PNUD/UNDP Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo/United Nations for Development Programme. PRT Puerto Rico Trench SGN Servicio Geológico Nacional SMT Small Muertos Trough SODOSISMICA Sociedad Dominicana de Sismología e Ingeniería Sísmica UCM Universidad Complutense de Madrid UMA Universidad de Málaga UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UPR Universidad de Puerto Rico WGS84 World Geodetic System 1984 WMT Western Muertos Trough WSCDB Western Southern Caribbean Deformed Belt IOC Workshop Reports The Scientific Workshops of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission are sometimes jointly sponsored with other intergovernmental or non-governmental bodies. In most cases, IOC assures responsibility for printing, and copies may be requested from: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission – UNESCO 1, rue Miollis, 75732 Paris Cedex 15, France No. Title Languages No. Title Languages No. CCOP-IOC, 1974, Metallogenesis, Hydrocarbons and Tectonic Patterns in Eastern Asia (Report of the IDOE Workshop on); Bangkok, Thailand, 24-29 September 1973 UNDP (CCOP), CICAR Ichthyoplankton Workshop, Mexico City, 16-27 July 1974 (UNESCO Technical Paper in Marine Sciences, No. 20). E (out of stock) Report of the IOC/GFCM/ICSEM International Workshop on Marine Pollution in the Mediterranean; Monte Carlo, 9-14 September 1974. 4 Report of the Workshop on the Phenomenon known as 'El Niño'; Guayaquil, Ecuador, 4-12 December 1974. 5 IDOE International Workshop on Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Caribbean Region and its Resources; Kingston, Jamaica, 17-22 February 1975 6 Report of the CCOP/SOPAC-IOC IDOE International Workshop on Geology, Mineral Resources and Geophysics of the South Pacific; Suva, Fiji, 1-6 September 1975. 7 Report of the Scientific Workshop to Initiate Planning for a Cooperative Investigation in the North and Central Western Indian Ocean, organized within the IDOE under the sponsorship of IOC/FAO (IOFC)/UNESCO/ EAC; Nairobi, Kenya, 25 March-2 April 1976. 8 Joint IOC/FAO (IPFC)/UNEP International Workshop on Marine Pollution in East Asian Waters; Penang, 7-13 April 1976 9 IOC/CMG/SCOR Second International Workshop on Marine Geoscience; Mauritius 9-13 August 1976. 10 IOC/WMO Second Workshop on Marine Pollution (Petroleum) Monitoring; Monaco, 14-18 June 1976 11 Report of the IOC/FAO/UNEP International Workshop on Marine Pollution in the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions; Port of Spain, Trinidad, 13-17 December 1976. 11 Collected contributions of invited Suppl. lecturers and authors to the IOC/FAO/UNEP International Workshop on Marine Pollution in the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions; Port of Spain, Trinidad, 13-17 December 1976 12 Report of the IOCARIBE Interdisciplinary Workshop on Scientific Programmes in Support of Fisheries Projects; Fort-de-France, Martinique, 28 November-2 December 1977. 13 Report of the IOCARIBE Workshop on Environmental Geology of the Caribbean Coastal Area; Port of Spain, Trinidad, 16-18 January 1978. 14 IOC/FAO/WHO/UNEP International Workshop on Marine Pollution in the Gulf of Guinea and Adjacent Areas; Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 2-9 May 1978 15 CPPS/FAO/IOC/UNEP International Workshop on Marine Pollution in the South-East Pacific; Santiago de Chile, 6-10 November 1978. E,F E (out of stock) 5-9 June 1978 (UNESCO reports in marine sciences, No. 5, published by the Division of Marine Sciences, UNESCO). Second CCOP-IOC Workshop on IDOE Studies of East Asia Tectonics and Resources; Bandung, Indonesia, 17-21 October 1978 Second IDOE Symposium on Turbulence in the Ocean; Liège, Belgium, 7-18 May 1979. Third IOC/WMO Workshop on Marine Pollution Monitoring; New Delhi, 11-15 February 1980. WESTPAC Workshop on the Marine Geology and Geophysics of the North-West Pacific; Tokyo, 2731 March 1980. WESTPAC Workshop on Coastal Transport of Pollutants; Tokyo, Japan, 27-31 March 1980. Workshop on the Inter-calibration of Sampling Procedures of the IOC/ WMO UNEP Pilot Project on Monitoring Background Levels of Selected Pollutants in Open-Ocean Waters; Bermuda, 11-26 January 1980. IOC Workshop on Coastal Area Management in the Caribbean Region; Mexico City, 24 September- 5 October 1979. CCOP/SOPAC-IOC Second International Workshop on Geology, Mineral Resources and Geophysics of the South Pacific; Nouméa, New Caledonia, 9-15 October 1980. FAO/IOC Workshop on the effects of environmental variation on the survival of larval pelagic fishes. Lima, 20 April-5 May 1980. WESTPAC Workshop on Marine Biological Methodology; Tokyo, 9-14 February 1981. International Workshop on Marine Pollution in the South-West Atlantic; Montevideo, 10-14 November 1980. Third International Workshop on Marine Geoscience; Heidelberg, 19-24 July 1982. UNU/IOC/UNESCO Workshop on International Co-operation in the Development of Marine Science and the Transfer of Technology in the context of the New Ocean Regime; Paris, France, 27 September-1 October 1982. 24-29 September 1985. 40 IOC Workshop on the Technical Aspects of Tsunami Analysis, Prediction and Communications; Sidney, B.C., Canada, E 29-31 July 1985. 40 First International Tsunami Suppl. Workshop on Tsunami Analysis, Prediction and Communications, Submitted Papers; Sidney, B.C., E, F, S, R Canada, 29 July-1 August 1985. 41 First Workshop of Participants in the Joint E, F, S, R FAO/IOC/WHO/IAEA/UNEP Project on Monitoring of Pollution in the Marine Environment of the E, R West and Central African Region (WACAF/2); Dakar, Senegal, 28 October1 November 1985. E (out of 43 IOC Workshop on the Results of stock) MEDALPEX and Future Oceanographic Programmes in the E Western Mediterranean; Venice, (Superseded Italy, 23-25 October 1985. by IOC 44 IOC-FAO Workshop on Technical Recruitment in Tropical Coastal Series Demersal Communities; No.22) Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico, E, S 21-25 April 1986. 44 IOC-FAO Workshop on Suppl. Recruitment in Tropical Coastal Demersal Communities, Submitted Papers; E Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico, 21-25 April 1986. 45 IOCARIBE Workshop on Physical Oceanography and Climate; Cartagena, Colombia, 19-22 August 1986. E 46 Reunión de Trabajo para Desarrollo del Programa "Ciencia Oceánica en Relación a los Recursos No Vivos en la Región E del Atlántico Sud-occidental"; Porto Alegre, Brasil, 7-11 de abril de 1986. E (out of 47 IOC Symposium on Marine stock) Science in the Western Pacific: S The Indo-Pacific Convergence; Townsville, 1-6 December 1966 E, F, S 48 IOCARIBE Mini-Symposium for the Regional Development of the IOCUN (OETB) Programme on 'Ocean E, F, S Science in Relation to Non-Living Resources (OSNLR)'; Havana, Cuba, 4-7 December 1986. 49 AGU-IOC-WMO-CPPS Chapman Conference: An International Symposium on 'El Niño'; Guayaquil, Ecuador, 27-31 October 1986. E 50 CCALR-IOC Scientific Seminar on Antarctic Ocean Variability and its Influence on Marine Living Resources, particularly Krill (organized in collaboration with SCAR and SCOR); Paris, France, 2-6 June 1987. 51 CCOP/SOPAC-IOC Workshop on E Coastal Processes in the South Pacific Island Nations; Lae, PapuaNew Guinea, 1-8 October 1987. 52 SCOR-IOC-UNESCO Symposium E, F, S on Vertical Motion in the Equatorial Upper Ocean and its Effects upon Living Resources and the Atmosphere; Paris, France, 6-10 May 1985. E 53 IOC Workshop on the Biological Effects of Pollutants; Oslo, 11-29 August 1986. 54 Workshop on Sea-Level Measurements in Hostile Conditions; Bidston, UK, 28-31 E March 1988. 55 IBCCA Workshop on Data Sources and Compilation, Boulder, Colorado, E 18-19 July 1988. 56 IOC-FAO Workshop on Recruitment of Penaeid Prawns in the Indo-West Pacific Region E (PREP); Cleveland, Australia, 24-30 July 1988. 57 IOC Workshop on International Cooperation in the Study of Red Tides and Ocean Blooms; Takamatsu, E Japan, 16-17 November 1987. 58 International Workshop on the Technical Aspects of the Tsunami Warning System; Novosibirsk, E USSR, 4-5 August 1989. 58 Second International Workshop on Suppl. the Technical Aspects of Tsunami Warning Systems, Tsunami Analysis, Preparedness, 11 2 3 16 Workshop on the Western Pacific, Tokyo, 19-20 February 1979. 17 Joint IOC/WMO Workshop on Oceanographic Products and the IGOSS Data Processing and Services System (IDPSS); Moscow, 9-11 April 1979. 17 Papers submitted to the Joint suppl. IOC/WMO Seminar on Oceanographic Products and the IGOSS Data Processing and Services System; Moscow, 2-6 April 1979. 18 IOC/UNESCO Workshop on Syllabus for Training Marine Technicians; Miami, U.S.A., 22-26 May 1978 (UNESCO reports in marine sciences, No. 4 published by the Division of Marine Sciences, UNESCO). 19 IOC Workshop on Marine Science Syllabus for Secondary Schools; Llantwit Major, Wales, U.K., E (out of stock) S (out of stock) E (out of stock) S (out of stock) E (out of stock) S 20 21 22 23 24 25 E E, F,S, R 26 27 E (out of stock) E, F, S, R E, F E (out of stock) R E, S (out of stock) E (out of stock), S E, F, S 28 29 30 31 32 32 Papers submitted to the UNU/IOC/ Suppl. UNESCO Workshop on International Co-operation in the Development of Marine Science and the Transfer of Technology in the Context of the New Ocean E, S Regime; Paris, France, 27 September-1 October 1982. 33 Workshop on the IREP Component of the IOC Programme on Ocean Science in Relation to Living E, F Resources (OSLR); Halifax, 26-30 September 1963. 34 IOC Workshop on Regional Cooperation in Marine Science in the Central Eastern Atlantic (Western E (out of Africa); Tenerife, stock) 12-17 December 1963. 35 CCOP/SOPAC-IOC-UNU Workshop on Basic Geo-scientific Marine Research Required for Assessment of Minerals and E, F, R Hydrocarbons in the South Pacific; Suva, Fiji, 3-7 October 1983. 36 IOC/FAO Workshop on the E Improved Uses of Research Vessels; Lisbon, Portugal, 28 May2 June 1984. 36 Papers submitted to the IOC/FAO Suppl. Workshop on the Improved Uses of E Research Vessels; Lisbon, 28 May-2 June 1984 37 IOC/UNESCO Workshop on Regional Co-operation in Marine Science in the Central Indian Ocean and Adjacent Seas and E (out of Gulfs; Colombo, 8-13 July 1985. stock), F, 38 IOC/ROPME/UNEP Symposium on S (out of Fate and Fluxes of Oil Pollutants in tock), the Kuwait Action Plan Region; R Basrah, Iraq, 8-12 January 1984. 39 CCOP (SOPAC)-IOC-IFREMERORSTOM Workshop on the Uses of Submersibles and Remotely E (out of Operated Vehicles in the South stock), S, R, Pacific; Suva, Fiji, Ar Title Languages E E E E E (out of stock) S E E S E E, S E E E E E E E E E E E No. 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 Title Observation and Instrumentation. Submitted Papers; Novosibirsk, USSR, 4-5 August 1989. IOC-UNEP Regional Workshop to Review Priorities for Marine Pollution Monitoring Research, Control and Abatement in the Wider Caribbean; San José, Costa Rica, 24-30 August 1989. IOC Workshop to Define IOCARIBE-TRODERP proposals; Caracas, Venezuela, 12-16 September 1989. Second IOC Workshop on the Biological Effects of Pollutants; Bermuda, 10 September2 October 1988. Second Workshop of Participants in the Joint FAO-IOC-WHO-IAEAUNEP Project on Monitoring of Pollution in the Marine Environment of the West and Central African Region; Accra, Ghana, 13-17 June 1988. IOC/WESTPAC Workshop on Cooperative Study of the Continental Shelf Circulation in the Western Pacific; Bangkok, Thailand, 31 October-3 November 1989. Second IOC-FAO Workshop on Recruitment of Penaeid Prawns in the Indo-West Pacific Region (PREP); Phuket, Thailand, 25-31 September 1989. Second IOC Workshop on Sardine/Anchovy Recruitment Project (SARP) in the Southwest Atlantic; Montevideo, Uruguay, 21-23 August 1989. 66 IOC ad hoc Expert Consultation on Sardine/ Anchovy Recruitment Programme; La Jolla, California, U.S.A., 1989 67 Interdisciplinary Seminar on Research Problems in the IOCARIBE Region; Caracas, Venezuela, 28 November1 December 1989. 68 International Workshop on Marine Acoustics; Beijing, China, 26-30 March 1990. 69 IOC-SCAR Workshop on Sea-Level Measurements in the Antarctica; Leningrad, USSR, 2831 May 1990. 69 IOC-SCAR Workshop on SeaSuppl. Level Measurements in the Antarctica; Submitted Papers; Leningrad, USSR, 28-31 May 1990. 70 IOC-SAREC-UNEP-FAO-IAEAWHO Workshop on Regional Aspects of Marine Pollution; Mauritius, 29 October - 9 November 1990. 71 IOC-FAO Workshop on the Identification of Penaeid Prawn Larvae and Postlarvae; Cleveland, Australia, 23-28 September 1990. 72 IOC/WESTPAC Scientific Steering Group Meeting on Co-Operative Study of the Continental Shelf Circulation in the Western Pacific; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia, 9-11 October 1990. 73 Expert Consultation for the IOC Programme on Coastal Ocean Advanced Science and Technology Study; Liège, Belgium, 11-13 May 1991. 74 IOC-UNEP Review Meeting on Oceanographic Processes of Transport and Distribution of Pollutants in the Sea; Zagreb, Yugoslavia, 15-18 May 1989. 75 IOC-SCOR Workshop on Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics; Solomons, Maryland, U.S.A., 29 April-2 May 1991. 76 IOC/WESTPAC Scientific Symposium on Marine Science and Management of Marine Areas of the Western Pacific; Penang, Malaysia, 2-6 December 1991. 77 IOC-SAREC-KMFRI Regional Workshop on Causes and Consequences of Sea-Level Changes on the Western Indian Ocean Coasts and Islands; Mombasa, Kenya, 24-28 June 1991. 78 IOC-CEC-ICES-WMO-ICSU Ocean Climate Data Workshop Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt, Maryland, U.S.A., 18-21 February 1992. 79 IOC/WESTPAC Workshop on River Inputs of Nutrients to the Marine Environment in the WESTPAC Region; Penang, Malaysia, 26-29 November 1991. 80 IOC-SCOR Workshop on Programme Development for Harmful Algae Blooms; Newport, U.S.A. 2-3 November 1991. 81 Joint IAPSO-IOC Workshop on Sea Level Measurements and Quality Control; Paris, France, 12-13 October 1992. 82 BORDOMER 92: International Convention on Rational Use of Coastal Zones. A Preparatory Languages No. E, F, S 83 E 84 E E E E E E E (out of stock) E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E Title Languages No. Meeting for the Organization of an International Conference on Coastal Change; Bordeaux, France, 30 September-2 October 1992. IOC Workshop on Donor Collaboration in the Development of Marine Scientific Research Capabilities in the Western Indian Ocean Region; Brussels, Belgium, 12-13 October 1992. Workshop on Atlantic Ocean Climate Variability; Moscow, Russian Federation, 1317 July 1992 Liège, Belgium, 5-9 May 1994. 103 IOC Workshop on GIS Applications in the Coastal Zone Management of Small Island Developing States; Barbados, 20-22 April 1994. E 104 Workshop on Integrated Coastal Management; Dartmouth, Canada, 19-20 September 1994. 105 BORDOMER 95: Conference on Coastal Change; Bordeaux, France, 6-10 February 1995. E 105 Conference on Coastal Change: Suppl. Proceedings; Bordeaux, France, 6-10 February 1995 106 IOC/WESTPAC Workshop E on the Paleographic Map; Bali, Indonesia, 20-21 October 1994. 107 IOC-ICSU-NIO-NOAA Regional Workshop for Member States of the Indian Ocean - GODAR-III; E Dona Paula, Goa, India, 6-9 December 1994. 108 UNESCO-IHP-IOC-IAEA Workshop on Sea-Level Rise and S only the Multidisciplinary Studies of (summary in Environmental Processes in the E, F, S) Caspian Sea Region; Paris, France, 9-12 May 1995. 108 UNESCO-IHP-IOC-IAEA E Suppl. Workshop on Sea-Level Rise and the Multidisciplinary Studies of Environmental Processes in the Caspian Sea Region; Submitted Papers; Paris, France, 9-12 May 1995. E 109 First IOC-UNEP CEPPOL Symposium; San José, Costa Rica, 14-15 April 1993. 110 IOC-ICSU-CEC regional Workshop E for Member States of the Mediterranean - GODAR-IV (Global Oceanographic Data Archeology and Rescue Project) E Foundation for International Studies, University of Malta, Valletta, Malta, 25-28 April 1995. E 111 Chapman Conference on the Circulation of the Intra-Americas Sea; La Parguera, Puerto Rico, 22-26 January 1995. 112 IOC-IAEA-UNEP Group of Experts E on Standards and Reference Materials (GESREM) Workshop; Miami, U.S.A., 7-8 December 1993. E 113 IOC Regional Workshop on Marine Debris and Waste Management in the Gulf of Guinea; Lagos, Nigeria, 14-16 December 1994. 114 International Workshop on Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Karachi, E Pakistan; 10-14 October 1994. 115 IOC/GLOSS-IAPSO Workshop on Sea Level Variability and Southern Ocean Dynamics; Bordeaux, France, 31 January 1995 E 116 IOC/WESTPAC International Scientific Symposium on Sustainability of Marine Environment: Review of the WESTPAC Programme, with Particular Reference to ICAM, Bali, Indonesia, E 22-26 November 1994. 117 Joint IOC-CIDA-Sida (SAREC) Workshop on the Benefits of Improved Relationships between International Development Agencies, the IOC and other Multilateral Inter-governmental Organizations in the Delivery of Ocean, Marine Affairs and E Fisheries Programmes; Sidney B.C., Canada, 26-28 September 1995. 118 IOC-UNEP-NOAA-Sea Grant Fourth Caribbean Marine Debris Workshop; La Romana, Santo Domingo, 21-24 August 1995. 119 IOC Workshop on Ocean Colour Data Requirements and Utilization; E Sydney B.C., Canada, 21-22 September 1995. 120 International Training Workshop on Integrated Coastal Management; Tampa, Florida, U.S.A., 15-17 July 1995. 121 Atelier régional IOC-CERESCOR sur la gestion intégrée des zones E littorales (ICAM), Conakry, Guinée, 18–22 décembre 1995 122 IOC-EU-BSH-NOAA-(WDC-A) International Workshop on E Oceanographic Biological and Chemical Data Management, Hamburg, Germany, 20-23 May 1996 E 123 Second IOC Regional Science Planning Workshop on Harmful Algal Blooms in South America; Mar del Plata, Argentina, 30 October–1 November 1995. 124 GLOBEC-IOC-SAHFOS-MBA Workshop on the Analysis of Time E Series with Particular Reference to the Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey; Plymouth, U.K.,4-7 May 1993. 125 Atelier sous-régional de la COI sur E les ressources marines vivantes du Golfe de Guinée ; Cotonou, Bénin, 1-4 juillet 1996. 85 IOC Workshop on Coastal Oceanography in Relation to Integrated Coastal Zone Management; Kona, Hawaii, 1-5 June 1992. 86 International Workshop on the Black Sea; Varna, Bulgaria, 30 September – 4 October 1991 87 Taller de trabajo sobre efectos biológicos del fenómeno «El Niño» en ecosistemas costeros del Pacífico Sudeste; Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador, 5-14 de octubre de 1989. 88 IOC-CEC-ICSU-ICES Regional Workshop for Member States of Eastern and Northern Europe (GODAR Project); Obninsk, Russia, 17-20 May 1993. 89 IOC-ICSEM Workshop on Ocean Sciences in Non-Living Resources; Perpignan, France, 15-20 October 1990. 90 IOC Seminar on Integrated Coastal Management; New Orleans, U.S.A., 17-18 July 1993. 91 Hydroblack’91 CTD Intercalibration Workshop; Woods Hole, U.S.A., 1-10 December 1991. 92 Réunion de travail IOCEA-OSNLR sur le Projet « Budgets sédimentaires le long de la côte occidentale d'Afrique » Abidjan, côte d'Ivoire, 26-28 juin 1991. 93 IOC-UNEP Workshop on Impacts of Sea-Level Rise due to Global Warming. Dhaka, Bangladesh, 16-19 November 1992. 94 BMTC-IOC-POLARMAR International Workshop on Training Requirements in the Field of Eutrophication in Semi-enclosed Seas and Harmful Algal Blooms, Bremerhaven, Germany, 29 September-3 October 1992. 95 SAREC-IOC Workshop on Donor Collaboration in the Development of Marine Scientific Research Capabilities in the Western Indian Ocean Region; Brussels, Belgium, 23-25 November 1993. 96 IOC-UNEP-WMO-SAREC Planning Workshop on an Integrated Approach to Coastal Erosion, Sea Level Changes and their Impacts; Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania, 17-21 January 1994. 96 IOC-UNEP-WMO-SAREC Suppl. Planning Workshop on an Integrated Approach to Coastal Erosion, Sea Level Changes and their Impacts; Submitted Papers 1. Coastal Erosion; Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania 17-21 January 1994. 96 IOC-UNEP-WMO-SAREC Suppl Planning Workshop on an Integrated Approach to Coastal Erosion, Sea Level Changes and their Impacts; Submitted Papers 2. Sea Level; Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania 17-21 January 1994. 97 IOC Workshop on Small Island Oceanography in Relation to Sustainable Economic Development and Coastal Area Management of Small Island Development States; Fort-deFrance, Martinique, 8-10 November, 1993. 98 CoMSBlack ’92A Physical and Chemical Intercalibration Workshop; Erdemli, Turkey, 15-29 January 1993. 99 IOC-SAREC Field Study Exercise on Nutrients in Tropical Marine Waters; Mombasa, Kenya, 5-15 April 1994. 100 IOC-SOA-NOAA Regional Workshop for Member States of the Western Pacific - GODAR-II (Global Oceanographic Data Archeology and Rescue Project); Tianjin, China, 8-11 March 1994. 101 IOC Regional Science Planning Workshop on Harmful Algal Blooms; Montevideo, Uruguay, 15-17 June 1994. 102 First IOC Workshop on Coastal Ocean Advanced Science and Technology Study (COASTS); Title Languages E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E F E E, S E E No. Title Languages No. Title 126 IOC-UNEP-PERSGA-ACOPSIUCN Workshop on Oceanographic Input to Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 8 October 1995. IOC Regional Workshop for Member States of the Caribbean and South America GODAR-V (Global Oceanographic Data Archeology and Rescue Project); Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, 8-11 October 1996. Atelier IOC-Banque MondialeSida/SAREC-ONE sur la Gestion Intégrée des Zones Côtières ; Nosy Bé, Madagascar, 14-18 octobre 1996. Gas and Fluids in Marine Sediments, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 27-29 January 1997. Atelier régional de la COI sur l’océanographie côtière et la gestion de la zone côtière ;Moroni, RFI des Comores, 16-19 décembre 1996. GOOS Coastal Module Planning Workshop; Miami, USA, 24-28 February 1997 Third IOC-FANSA Workshop; Punta-Arenas, Chile, 28-30 July 1997 Joint IOC-CIESM Training Workshop on Sea-level Observations and Analysis for the Countries of the Mediterranean and Black Seas; Birkenhead, U.K., 1627 June 1997. IOC/WESTPAC-CCOP Workshop on Paleogeographic Mapping (Holocene Optimum); Shanghai, China, 27-29 May 1997. Regional Workshop on Integrated Coastal Zone Management; Chabahar, Iran; February 1996. IOC Regional Workshop for Member States of Western Africa (GODAR-VI); Accra, Ghana, 22-25 April 1997. GOOS Planning Workshop for Living Marine Resources, Dartmouth, USA; 1-5 March 1996. Gestión de Sistemas Oceanográficos del Pacífico Oriental; Concepción, Chile, 9-16 de abril de 1996. Sistemas Oceanográficos del Atlántico Sudoccidental, Taller, TEMA;Furg, Rio Grande, Brasil, 311 de noviembre de 1997 IOC Workshop on GOOS Capacity Building for the Mediterranean Region; Valletta, Malta, 26-29 November 1997. IOC/WESTPAC Workshop on Cooperative Study in the Gulf of Thailand: A Science Plan; Bangkok, Thailand, 25-28 February 1997. Pelagic Biogeography ICoPB II. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference. Final Report of SCOR/IOC Working Group 93; Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, 9-14 July 1995. E Geosphere-biosphere coupling: Carbonate Mud Mounds and Cold Water Reefs; Gent, Belgium, 7–11 February 1998. IOC-SOPAC Workshop Report on Pacific Regional Global Ocean Observing Systems; Suva, Fiji, 1317 February 1998. IOC-Black Sea Regional Committee Workshop: ‘Black Sea Fluxes’ Istanbul, Turkey, 10-12 June 1997. Taller Internacional sobre Formacíon de Capacidades para el Manejo de las Costas y los Oéanos en le Gran Caribe, La Habana, – Cuba, 7–10 de Julio de 1998 / International Workshop on Management Capacity-Building for Coasts and Oceans in the Wider Caribbean, Havana, Cuba, 7–10 July 1998 IOC-SOA International Training Workshop on the Intregration of Marine Sciences into the Process of Integrated Coastal Management, Dalian, China, 19-24 May 1997. IOC/WESTPAC International Scientific Symposium – Role of Ocean Sciences for Sustainable Development Okinawa, Japan, 2-7 February 1998. Workshops on Marine Debris & Waste Management in the Gulf of Guinea, 1995-97. Primera Sesión del Grupo de Trabajo COI sobre Algas Nocivas en el Caribe y Regiones Adyacentes (IOCARIBEANCA)/First Meeting of the IOC Working Group on Harmful Algae in the Caribbean and Adjacent Region (IOCARIBE-ANCA), 29 June – 1 July 1998, Havana, Cuba. Taller Pluridisciplinario TEMA sobre Redes del Gran Caribe en Gestión Integrada de Áreas Costeras Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, 7-12 de septiembre de E 177 1998. Workshop on Data for Sustainable Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM) Maputo, Mozambique, 18-22 July 1998 IOC/WESTPAC-Sida (SAREC) Workshop on Atmospheric Inputs of Pollutants to the Marine Environment Qingdao, China, 2426 June 1998 IOC-Sida-Flanders-SFRI Workshop on Ocean Data Management in the IOCINCWIO Region (ODINEA project) Capetown, South Africa, 30 November-11 December 1998. Science of the Mediterranean Sea and its applications UNESCO, Paris 29-31 July 1997 IOC-LUC-KMFRI Workshop on RECOSCIX-WIO in the Year 2000 and Beyond, Mombasa, Kenya, 1216 April 1999 ’98 IOC-KMI International Workshop on Integrated Coastal Management (ICM), Seoul, Republic of Korea 16-18 April 1998 The IOCARIBE Users and the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) Capacity Building Workshop, San José, Costa Rica, 22-24 April 1999 Oceanic Fronts and Related Phenomena (Konstantin Fedorov Memorial Symposium) – Proceedings, Pushkin, Russian Federation, 18-22 May 1998 Under preparation Under preparation Workshop report on the Transports and Linkages of the Intra-americas Sea (IAS), Cozumel, Mexico, 1-5 November 1997 Under preparation IOC-Sida-Flanders-MCM Third Workshop on Ocean Data Management in the IOCINCWIO Region (ODINEA Project), Cape Town, South Africa, 29 November – 11 December 1999 An African Conference on Sustainable Integrated Management; Proceedings of the Workshops. An Integrated Approach, (PACSICOM), Maputo, Mozambique, 18 –25 July 1998 IOC-SOA International Workshop on Coastal Megacities: Challenges of Growing Urbanization of the World's Coastal Areas; Hangzhou, P.R. China, 27 –30 September 1999 IOC-Flanders First ODINAFRICA-II Planning Workshop, Dakar, Senegal, 2-4 May 2000 Geological Processes on European Continental Margins; International Conference and Eight Post-cruise Meeting of the Training-ThroughResearch Programme, Granada, Spain, 31 January – 3 February 2000 International Conference on the International Oceanographic Data & Information Exchange in the Western Pacific (IODE-WESTPAC) 1999, ICIWP '99, Langkawi, Malaysia, 1-4 November 1999 IOCARIBE-GODAR-I Cartagenas, Colombia, February 2000 Ocean Circulation Science derived from the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Sea Level Networks, Toulouse, France, 10-11 May 1999 (Under preparation) The Benefits of the Implementation of the GOOS in the Mediterranean Region, Rabat, Morocco, 1-3 November 1999 IOC-SOPAC Regional Workshop on Coastal Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) for the Pacific Region, Apia, Samoa, 1617 August 2000 Geological Processes on Deepwater European Margins, MoscowMozhenka, 28 Jan.-2 Feb. 2001 MedGLOSS Workshop and Coordination Meeting for the Pilot Monitoring Network System of Systematic Sea Level Measurements in the Mediterranean and Black Seas, Haifa, Israel, 15-17 May 2000 (Under preparation) 178 (Under preparation) E 179 (Under preparation) S/E (electronic copy only) 180 Abstracts of Presentations at Workshops during the 7th session of the IOC Group of Experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), Honolulu, USA, 23-27 April 2001 (Under preparation) 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 E 152 153 154 E 155 E E E 156 157 158 S/E E E E 159 160 161 162 163 164 E E 165 S S E E 166 167 168 E 169 170 E 171 E 172 173 S/E 174 175 E 176 E 181 182 183 S (Under preparation) Geosphere/Biosphere/Hydrosphere Coupling Process, Fluid Escape Structures and Tectonics at Continental Margins and Ocean Ridges, International Conference & Tenth Post-cruise Meeting of the Training-through-Research Languages No. E E E 184 185 186 186 187 188 189 E E E E 190 191 E E 192 193 E 194 E, F 195 196 E 197 E E 198 E (electronic copy only) 199 under preparation E E, F 200 201 E 202 E E 203 204 E 205 206 E 207 Title Programme, Aveiro, Portugal, 30 January-2 February 2002 (Under preparation) (Under preparation) (Under preparation) (Under preparation) Geological and Biological Processes at deep-sea European Margins and Oceanic Basins, Bologna, Italy, 2–6 February 2003 Proceedings of ‘The Ocean Colour Data’ Symposium, Brussels, Belgium, 25-27 November 2002 Workshop for the Formulation of a Draft Project on Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), Cartagena, Colombia, 23–25 October 2003 Taller de Formulación de un Anteproyecto de Manejo Costero Integrado (MCI) en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), Cartagena, Colombia, 23–25 de Octubre de 2003 First ODINCARSA Planning Workshop for Caribbean Islands, Christchurch, Barbados, 15–18 December 2003 North Atlantic and Labrador Sea Margin Architecture and Sedimentary Processes — International Conference and Twelfth Post-cruise Meeting of the Training-through-research Programme, Copenhagen, Denmark, 29–31 January 2004 Regional Workshop on Coral Reefs Monitoring and Management in the ROPME Sea Area, Iran I.R., 14–17 December 2003 Workshop on New Technical Developments in Sea and Land Level Observing Systems, Paris, France, 14–16 October 2003 IOC/ROPME Planning Meeting for the Ocean Data and Information Network for the Central Indian Ocean Region Workshop on Indicators of Stress in the Marine Benthos, Torregrande-Oristano, Italy, 8–9 October 2004 International Coordination Meeting for the Development of a Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System for the Indian Ocean within a Global Framework, Paris, France, 3–8 March 2005 Geosphere-Biosphere Coupling Processes: The TTR Interdisciplinary Approach Towards Studies of the European and North African Margins; International Conference and Post-cruise Meeting of the Training-ThroughResearch Programme, Morocco, 25 February 2005 Second International Coordination Meeting for the Development of a Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System for the Indian Ocean, Grand Baie, Mauritius, 14–16 April 2005 International Conference for the Establishment of a Tsunami and Coastal Hazards Warning System for the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions, Mexico, 1–3 June 2005 Lagoons and Coastal Wetlands in the Global Change Context: Impacts and Management Issues — Proceedings of the International Conference, Venice, 26–28 April 2004 (ICAM Dossier N° 3) Geological processes on deepwater European margins International Conference and 15th Anniversary Post-cruise Meeting of the Training-Through-Research Programme, Moscow/Zvenigorod, Russian Federation, 29 January–4 February 2006 Proceedings of 'Ocean Biodiversity Informatics': an international conference on marine biodiversity data management Hamburg, Germany, 29 November–1 December 2004 IOC-Flanders Planning Workshop for the formulation of a regional Pilot Project on Integrated Coastal Area Management in Latin America, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, 16–18 January 2007 Geo-marine Research along European Continental Margins, International Conference and Postcruise Meeting of the Trainingthrough-research Programme, Bremen, Germany, 29 January–1 February 2007 IODE/ICAM Workshop on the development of the Caribbean marine atlas (CMA), United Nations House, Bridgetown, Barbados, 8– 10 October 2007 IODE/JCOMM Forum on Oceanographic Data Management and Exchange Standards, Ostend, Belgium, 21–25 January 2008 SCOR/IODE Workshop on Data Publishing, Ostend, Belgium, 17– 18 June 2008 Languages E E EF (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E E (under preparation) E (electronic copy only) (under preparation) E E E E E E E E E (electronic copy only) E E (electronic copy only) (Under preparation) (Under preparation) No. Title Languages No. Title Languages No. Title 208 JCOMM Technical Workshop on Wave Measurements from Buoys, New York, USA, 2–3 October 2008 (IOC-WMO publication) Collaboration between IOC and OBIS towards the Long-term Management Archival and Accessibility of Ocean Biogeographic Data, Ostend, Belgium, 24–26 November 2008 Ocean Carbon Observations from Ships of Opportunity and Repeat Hydrographic Sections (IOCCP Reports, 1), Paris, France, 13–15 January 2003 Ocean Surface pCO2 Data Integration and Database Development (IOCCP Reports, 2), Tsukuba, Japan, 14–17 January 2004 International Ocean Carbon Stakeholders' Meeting, Paris, France, 6–7 December 2004 International Repeat Hydrography and Carbon Workshop (IOCCP Reports, 4), Shonan Village, Japan, 14–16 November 2005 Initial Atlantic Ocean Carbon Synthesis Meeting (IOCCP Reports, 5), Laugavatn, Iceland, 28–30 June 2006 Surface Ocean Variability and Vulnerability Workshop (IOCCP Reports, 7), Paris, France, 11–14 April 2007 Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Project (SOCAT) 2nd Technical Meeting Report (IOCCP Reports, 9), Paris, France, 16–17 June 2008 Changing Times: An International Ocean Biogeochemical TimeSeries Workshop (IOCCP Reports, 11), La Jolla, California, USA, 5–7 November 2008 Second Joint GOSUD/SAMOS Workshop, Seattle, Washington, USA, 10–12 June 2008 International Conference on Marine Data management and Information Systems (IMDIS), Athens, Greece, 31 March–2 April 2008 Geo-marine Research on the Mediterranean and EuropeanAtlantic Margins. International Conference and TTR-17 Postcruise Meeting of the Trainingthrough-research Programme, Granada, Spain, 2–5 February 2009 Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Project Pacific Regional Workshop, Tsukuba, Japan, 18-20 March, 2009 (IOCCP Report Number 12) Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Project Atlantic and Southern Oceans Regional Meeting, Norwich, UK, 25-26 June, 2009 (IOCCP Report Number 13) Advisory Workshop on enhancing forecasting capabilities for North Indian Ocean Storm Surges, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), New Delhi, India, 14–17 July 2009 2009 International Nutrients Scale System (INSS) Workshop Report, Paris, France, 10–12 February 2009 Reunión subregional de planificación de ODINCARSA (Red de Datos e Información Oceanográficos para las Regiones del Caribe y América del Sur)/ ODINCARSA (Ocean Data and Information Network for the Caribbean and South America region) Latin America sub-regional Planning Meeting, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Ensenada (México), 7-10 December 2009. 2010 OBIS (Ocean Biogeographic Information System) Strategy and Work plan Meeting, IOC Project Office for IODE, Oostende, Belgium, 18–20 November 2009 ODINAFRICA-IV Project Steering Committee, First Session, Ostend, Belgium, 20–22 January 2010. 2010 First IODE Workshop on Quality Control of Chemical Oceanographic Data Collections, Ostend, Belgium, 8–11 February 2010. 2010 Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Project Equatorial Pacific, North Pacific, and Indian Ocean Regional Workshop, Tokyo, Japan, 8–11 February 2010. 2010 (IOCCP Report Number 18) SCOR/IODE/MBLWHOI Library Workshop on Data Publication, Paris, France, 2 April 2010 First ODINAFRICA Coastal and Marine Atlases Planning Meeting, Ostend, Belgium, 12–14 October 2009 Eleventh International Workshop on Wave Hindcasting and Forecasting and Second Coastal Hazard Symposium, Halifax, Canada, 18–23 October 2009 (Under 233 preparation) 2010 Meeting of the Joint IODEJCOMM Steering Group on the Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Programme Ostend, Belgium, 5–7 May 2010 Southern and Indian Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) Workshop, CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Hobart, Tasmania 16-18 June 2010 The Caribbean Marine Atlas (CMA) Review and Planning Workshop and Saint Lucia National Coastal Atlas Stakeholder Event, Bay Gardens Inn, Rodney Bay, Saint Lucia, 2–6 August 2010 First Session of the IODE Steering Group for the IODE OceanDataPortal (SG-ODP-I), 20–22 September 2010, Ostend, Belgium Ad hoc meeting of the IODE Steering Group for OBIS, Ostend, Belgium 18-19 November 2010 Implementing Adaptation to Climate Change in Western and Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 3-5 November 2010 2nd Advisory Workshop on enhancing forecasting capabilities for North Indian Ocean Storm Surges, 11-15 February 2011, New Delhi, India Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) Infrastructure Meeting, INCOIS, Hyderabad, India, 2–4 March 2011. Best Practice on Tsunami and Coastal Hazards Community Preparedness and Readiness in Central America and the Caribbean, 11–13 August 2008, Panama City, Panama Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) Training Workshop for the English Speaking Caribbean States, 16–18 March 2011, Bridgetown, Barbados Cancelled SCOR/IODE/MBLWHOI Library th Workshop on Data Publication, 4 Session, British Oceanographic Data Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 3-4 November 2011 Cancelled NEAMTIC/ICAM Workshop on Coastal Management Approaches for Sea-Level Related Hazards, Paris, UNESCO, 5–7 December 2011 Technical Workshop on the IODE OceanDataPortal, IOC Project Office for IODE, Ostend, Belgium, 27-29 February 2012 Inter-sessional working group for updating the IOC Strategic Plan for Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (2012-2015), Ostend, Belgium, 1-2 March 2012 Operational Oceanography of IOC (for Group II Member States), 20– 22 March 2012 Paris, UNESCO (Advisory Workshop) Advisory Workshop on The Future of IOC towards next ten years and its Implications for Member States, Varna, Bulgaria, 19 March 2012 Second Technical Meeting of Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), Ostend, Belgium, 21–22 June 2012 SCOR/IODE/MBLWHOI Library th Workshop on Data Publication, 5 Session, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, USA, 9-10 October 2012 Second IODE Workshop on Quality Control of Chemical and Biological Oceanographic Data Collections, 22-24 October 2012, IOC Project Office for IODE, Ostend, Belgium Consultation on Scientific and Technical Aspects of Sustained Ocean Observations and Services, 5th March, 2013, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Earthquake and tsunami hazard in Northern Haiti: Historical events and potential sources (Meeting of experts) Sexto Taller Regional de Planificación Científica sobre Floraciones de Algas Nocivas en Sudamérica, Guayaquil, Ecuador, 22-24 Octubre 2003 (Under preparation) (Under preparation) Noveno Taller Regional-COI de Planificación Científica sobre Florecimientos de Algas Nocivas en Sudamérica, 11-13 enero 2011, Puerto Varas, Chile Caribbean Marine Atlas Review and Planning Meeting, Miami, USA, 10-13 December 2013 Indo-Pacific Ocean Forum on “Charting the Future of Sustained Ocean Observations and Services”, Bangkok, Thailand, 2528 Nov. 2013 First Planning Workshop For The Ocean Data And Information Network For The Westpac Region (ODINWESTPAC), Tianjin, China, 4-7 March 2014 E 263 (electronic copy only) International Coastal Atlas Network Workshop 6: Expanding Participation in Coastal Web Atlas Development and Use, 16–17 June 2013, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 9th WESTPAC International Scientific Symposium, Research Directors’ Forum: A Healthy and Safe Ocean for Prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region, Nha Trang, Viet Nam, 22 April 2014 Electoral Group 1 Consultation on the Future of the IOC, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 26–27 May 2014 IOC-UNESCO-ISESCO workshop on Improving Tsunami Warning and Emergency Response in the North-Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean and connected seas Rabat, 23-24 September 2014 Proceedings of the First IOCAFRICA Ocean Forecasting workshop for the Western Indian Ocean region, Nairobi, Kenya, 11– 15 August 2014 Proceedings of the African Summer School on Application of Ocean Data and Modelling Products, Ghana, Kenya, April– September 2014 Forum on Sustained Ocean Observations and Services in IOC Group V (Africa and Arab countries) Second China-Africa Forum on Marine Science and Technology, 910 April 2015, Nairobi, Kenya WESTPAC Workshop on Research and Monitoring of the Ecological Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Coral Reef Ecosystems. 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E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) S (electronic copy only) S (electronic copy only) (Summary in E) E (electronic copy only) Sources of Tsunamis in the Caribbean with Possibility to Impact the Southern Coast of the Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 6–7 May 2016 Languages E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) A/E/F (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) E (electronic copy only) Under preparation Under preparation E (electronic copy only) E&S