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Chapter 18.notebook May 08, 2015 Page 464, 111 and 1113, page 471. Chapter 18 Viruses and Bacteria Nov 167:01 AM Nov 192:10 PM Label the diagram of the atom. 4 1 { 2 3 protons Apr 218:37 AM electrons nucleus neutrons Information button 1 18.1 Viruses Objectives • Identify the structures and characteristics of viruses and bacteria • Nucleic acids enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid • Smaller than the smallest bacterium Influenza Virus Nov 192:10 PM Nov 192:10 PM 1 Chapter 18.notebook May 08, 2015 Viruses Viruses • Nonliving must infect a host cell in order to function • Viruses are named for the disease that they cause or are given a code number • Bacteriophage A virus that infects a bacterium T4 Virus which infects E. coli Nov 192:10 PM Nov 192:10 PM Viruses Diseases Caused by Viruses • Viruses have many shapes. • Chicken pox • HIV/AIDS • Influenza • Mumps, measles, rubella • Warts • Shingles • Hepatitis A, B, and C • Tobacco mosaic virus There are NO Treatments for Viruses! Nov 192:10 PM Nov 192:10 PM 18.2 Archaebacteria and Eubacteria Eubacteria • Archaebacteria • Commonly cause disease and decay • Reproduce by binary fission asexual cell division • Have a circular chromosome Live in harsh environments Typical Bacterium Nov 192:10 PM Bacterium in binary fission Nov 192:10 PM 2 Chapter 18.notebook May 08, 2015 Eubacteria Eubacteria • Can be classified according to three things • Bacterial shapes Round = coccus Rod shaped = baccilus Spiral = spirilum; spirochaete = corkscrew shape Shape Mode of nutrition Gramstain test diplo=2 strepto=chain staphylo=grapelike cluster Nov 192:10 PM Nov 192:10 PM Name that Bacterium Eubacteria • Modes of nutrition Heterotrophic Autotrophic Ex. cyanobacteria Apr 233:26 PM Nov 192:10 PM Eubacteria The Importance of Bacteria • A gramstain test is used to detect the composition of the cell wall • Food production • Nitrogenfixation • Help recycle nutrients through decomposition Gram + Gram Nov 192:10 PM Nov 192:10 PM 3 Chapter 18.notebook May 08, 2015 Bacterial Diseases • Strep throat • Tuberculosis • Tetanus • Lyme disease • Cavities Go to page 452! Treat with Antibiotics Nov 192:10 PM May 78:05 AM 4