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Download Unit: 3.1 Name: Section Title: Archaebacteria vs. Eubacteria
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Unit: 3.1 Name: Section Title: Archaebacteria vs. Eubacteria Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: None New Information: Bacteria Notes Basic Bacteria Facts Classification of Bacteria: Kingdom Archaebacteria Major Bacteria Phyla: Archaebacteria Classification of Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Shapes of Eubacteria: Draw and Label Eubacteria Eubacteria: Heterotrophs Photosynthetic: Autotrophs Eubacteria: Chemosynthetic Autotrophs Major Bacteria Phyla: Eubacteria Most Bacteria Reproduce by 1 of 2 means Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Gram Stain Activity: Book Work pg. 467-473 The two Kingdoms of bacteria are known as ____________ and ____________. One reason Archaebacteria is placed into a separate kingdom is because its cell walls do not have _______________, which is a protein carbohydrate compound found in the cell walls of Eubacteria. Archaebacteria were first discovered in extreme environments, such as __________, __________, and __________. The three phylogenetic groups of archaebacteria are _______________, _______________, and _______________. Methanogens found in anaerobic conditions such as at the bottom of __________ and __________, where they convert H2 and CO2 into __________ _____. Extreme halphiles are _______________ archaebacteria, and live in environments with very high salt concentrations such as the Dead Sea. Thermoacidophiles live in extremely __________ environments that have high temperatures, such as volcanic or hydrothermal vents. Eubacteria account for most bacteria and have three basic shapes. Eubacteria that are rod shaped are called __________. Eubacteria that are sphere shaped are called __________. Eubacteria that are spiral shaped are called __________. When cocci occur in chains they are called _______________, and when cocci occur in grape like clusters they are called _______________. Eubacteria are divided into 12 different phyla. Some basic phyla of bacteria are (table 24-1) __________, __________, __________, and __________. Phylum cyanobacteria were once known as blue-green algae, but do not have a membrane bound nucleus. To acquire energy cyanobacteria perform __________. Phylum spirochetes are ____________ shaped heterotrophic bacteria and are known to cause the STD syphilis. Phylum Gram positive bacteria are a main producer of ___________, which inhibit growth or kill microscopic organisms. Phylum proteobacteria is the one of the largest and most diverse bacteria kingdoms and include _______ bacteria and __________. Class Review Questions: 1. _____Which of the following types of bacteria would you most likely to find in very salty water? a. Chemoautotroph b. Extreme halophile c. Cyanobacterium d. Thermoacidophile 2. _____Archaebacteria and eubacteria are placed into separate kingdoms because archaebacteria a. lack cell membranes b. have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan c. evolved after eubacteria evolved d. have some genes that closely resemble those found in eukaryotes 3. _____Rod shaped bacteria are called a. cocci b. bacilli c. halophiles d. spirilla 4. _____Thermoacidophiles are a. eubacteria b. cyanobacteria c. archaebacteria d. spirochetes 5. _____Gram positive bacteria stain a. blue b. pink c. red d. purple Bacteria and Disease Type of Disease Areas Affected Mode of Transmission Botulism nerves Improper preserved foods Cholera intestines Contaminated water Tooth Decay teeth Bacteria in mouth Gonorrhea Urethra/ fal.tubes Sexual contact Lyme Disease Skin, joints, heart Tick bite Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Blood, skin Tick bite Salmonella intestines Contaminated food Strep throat Respiratory tract Sneezing/coughing Tetanus nerves Contaminated wounds Tuberculosis Lungs, bones, etc coughing Ways Bacteria Cause Disease Activity: Book Work: pg. 478-479 The scientific study of disease is called _______________. Bacteria that causes disease is known as __________. Some bacteria cause disease by producing poisons called toxins. _______________ are toxins produced by Gram-positive bacteria and are secreted into the surrounding environment. Toxins that are associated with Gram-negative bacteria and are not released from the bacteria until it dies are known as _______________. Class Review Questions 1. _____One bacterial disease that is transmitted by contaminated drinking water is a. Lyme disease b. Gonorrhea c. Tuberculosis d. Cholera 2. _____A poison that is released from the outer membrane of dead Gram negative bacteria is called a. a pathogen b. an exotoxin c. an endotoxin d. a broad-spectrum toxin 3. _____Which of the following is not a way that bacteria cause disease in humans? a. Destroying body tissues b. Conjugating human cells c. Damaging blood vessels d. Dissolving blood clots 4. _____Bacteria that cause disease are known as a. Pathology b. Endotoxins c. Pathogens d. Exotoxins 5. _____ A poison that is produced by gram positive bacteria while the bacteria are still alive is known as a. Pathology b. Endotoxin c. Pathogens d. Exotoxin Unit: 3.2 Name: Section Title: Useful Bacteria Latin Root Word: Review of Old Information: 1. Bacteria that can survive ONLY in the absence of oxygen are called obligate anerobes. a. True b. False 2. Ancient bacteria are typically referred to as archaebacteria. a. True b. False 3. Which of the following bacteria would you most likely find in very salty water? a. Chemoautotroph c. Halophile b. Cyanobacterium d. Thermoacidophile 4. One structure not found in a bacterial cell is a a. Cell wall b. Plasmid c. Nucleus d. DNA 5. The type of bacteria that feeds on other dead and decaying organisms is called a(n) a. Heterotroph c. Photoautotroph b. Saprophyte d. Chemoautotroph 6. Which type of bacteria CANNOT live without oxygen? a. Obligate anaerobes b. Obligate aerobes c. Facultative anaerobes d. All bacteria 7. Cocci bacteria are typically shaped like a. Grape-like clusters b. Spirals c. Rods d. Spheres 8. Pili serve what function in bacteria? a. Movement b. Regulates movement of material into the cell c. Helps bacteria attach to other surfaces d. Helps protect bacteria in harsh environments Matching #1 9. _____ staphylo a. rod-shaped 10. _____ coccus b. chain 11. _____ bacilli c. grape-like clusters 12. _____ spirilla d. sphere shaped 13. _____ strepto e. spiral shaped Matching #2 14. _____ Cyanobacteria a. Archaebacteria; live ONLY in anaerobic anaerobic conditions like swamps and sewage. 15. _____ Spirochetes b. Eubacteria; spiral-shaped; move using corkscrew motion. 16. _____ Proteobacteria c. Archaebacteria; love “hot” and “acidic” environments. 17. _____ Methanogens d. Eubacteria; photosynthetic; once referred to as blue-green algae. 18. _____ Thermoacidophiles e. Eubacteria; chemoautotrophic; one type is enteric bacteria. 19. Which of the following appear purple when gram stained because of a thick peptidoglycan layer. a. Gram positive c. Archaebacteria b. Gram negative d. Methanogens 20. What archaebacteria live in extreme environments with high temperatures such as hot springs? a. Methanogens c. Thermoacidophiles b. Halophiles d. Cyanobacteria 21. Which of the following would have a blue green color? a. Spirochetes b. Proteobacteria c. Thermoacidophiles d. Cyanobacteria 22. Which is a type of asexual reproduction carried out by bacteria? a. Chemosynthesis b. Binary fission c. Eutrophication d. Peptidoglycan 23. Bacteria is known to cause diseases such as botulism and lyme disease. These bacteria would be known as a. Pathology b. Saprophytes c. Pathogens d. Antibiotics