Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Periodic Table Notes Topic Write questions here Write notes here How is the periodic table organized? The Periodic Table is an arrangement of the elements in order of increasing atomic numbers. • The location of an element on the periodic table can predict the physical and chemical properties of the element. What do elements in the same column have in common? Introduction to the Periodic Table • The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups or families. • Each group contains elements with similar chemical properties. • Every element within a group has the same number of valence electrons. • The number of valence electrons determines an element’s chemical characteristics Valence Electrons • The electrons available for the formation of chemical compounds are referred to as valence electrons. • Valence electrons are located in the outermost energy levels in the s & p orbitals. • example: Na has 11 electrons: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Sodium has 1 valence electron What do elements in the same row have in common? Introduction to the Periodic Table • The 7 horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called periods. • Physical and chemical properties change in a repeating pattern across a period. • Every element in a period has the same outer energy level. Who organized the periodic table? The First Periodic Table • In 1869 Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev developed the first periodic table: – arranged known chemical elements in order of atomic mass – placed elements with similar properties in the same group He predicted the existence of unknown elements, and left spaces open in his periodic table for them. Periodic Table In 1914, English physicist Henry Moseley arranged the elements by atomic numbers, rather than atomic mass. In 1945 Glenn Seaborg identified lanthanides and actinides as distinct groups and placed them below the periodic table. What is periodic law? Periodic Table Periodic law: when the elements are arranged according to their atomic numbers, elements with similar properties appear at regular intervals. Regions of the Periodic Table What determines an ion? Some Atoms Form Ions An ion is an atom that has lost or gained electrons and has a negative or positive charge. • Atoms that lose electrons have a positive charge. Atoms that gain electrons have a negative charge. • What ion an atom will form can be determined by its group on the periodic table. Ions by Group What are the blocks on the periodic table? Introduction to the Periodic Table • The periodic table is divided into four blocks, the s, p, d, and f blocks. The name of each block is determined by the electron sublevel being filled in that block. Periodic Table Properties Review Key Ideas: The periodic table arranges elements in periods and groups. The location of the element can be used to determine: block, electron configuration, valence electrons or ion charge. Mendeleev created the periodic table which was refined by Mosley and Seaborg. Terms to Know: Ion Valence electron Period group Periodic law