Download 5th Grade Science - Ecosystems Assessment

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5th Grade Science - Ecosystems Assessment
1.
In the daylight, organisms that have chlorophyll, such as plants, algae, and some bacteria, can use
the sun’s energy, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food. What is this process called?
A.
B.
C.
D.
2.
The three main groups that can be found in all ecosystems are the producers, consumers, and
decomposers. Which choice gives an example of an organism from each group?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3.
symbiosis
herbivore
ecosystem
adaptation
Photosynthesis is an example of an energy transformation. Which statement best describes how
the energy is transformed?
A.
B.
C.
D.
5.
bacteria, grass, flower
clover, rabbit, mushroom
fungi, mushroom, flower
cow, eagle, mouse
A snowshoe hare lives in the Tundra and has white fur. This fur helps it blend in with the snow
and hide from predators. This is an example of a(n):
A.
B.
C.
D.
4.
petroleum
photosynthesis
food cycle
ecosystem
chemical energy to heat energy
light energy to chemical energy
heat energy to chemical energy
chemical energy to light energy
Producers are the basis of all food chains. Where do producers get their energy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
from the sun
from eating consumers
from decomposers
from eating other producers
6.
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Oak trees produce seeds that are contained in acorns. Blue jays eat the seeds in acorns. Blue jays
also collect acorns and hide them in the ground, often far away from the parent oak tree. Blue
jays do not eat the seed of every acorn they hide.
How do oak trees benefit from blue jays’ collecting and hiding acorns?
A.
B.
C.
D.
7.
The oak trees are harmed by the blue jays.
The oak trees are protected from other herbivores.
The seeds of oak trees are protected from the sun.
Blue jays help with the reproduction of oak trees
In a forest, how do decomposers help other organisms survive?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They release oxygen into the air that animals breathe.
They put nutrients back into the soil that plants use to grow.
They provide shelter in forests where animals can hide.
They use sunlight to make food for plants and animals.
Use the Food Web below to Answer Questions 8-10:
8. According to the diagram, what organism is the producer?
A.
mayfly
B.
phytoplankton
C.
frog
D.
salamander
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9. Which organisms are an example of secondary consumers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Revised 11/7/13
frog, salamander
dragonfly, mayfly
phytoplankton, mayfly
snake, bald eagle
10. According to the food web, which organism(s) is the top consumer?
A.
B.
C.
D.
frog
phytoplankton
snake
salamander
11. Which species of plant would be most likely to survive in a desert?
A.
B.
C.
D.
12.
When creating a food web, students include arrows. What do the arrows in a food web represent?
A.
B.
C.
D.
13.
a species that needs large amounts of water
a species that grows well only in the shade
a species that is able to store a large amount of water
a species that survives only in moderate temperatures
Arrows show the transfer of energy between organisms
Arrows show symbiotic relationships between species
Arrows show the life cycle between species
Arrows show which animals have adaptations in an ecosystem
Salmon live in the ocean near the mouths of rivers. They migrate up the rivers to mate and lay
eggs. When the hatched salmon are big enough, they migrate back to the sea. Migration, or
movement from one location to another, is an example of which type of adaptation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
a physical adaptation
a structural adaptation
a behavioral adaptation
a protective adaptation
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14.
The Emerald Ash Borer is an ash tree-killing insect from Asia. It was discovered in Ohio in
2003. Ohio Department of Agriculture has been battling the pest in an attempt to protect the
state's 3.8 billion ash trees. The pest has since spread from Toledo throughout Ohio. The Emerald
Ash Borer kills ash trees within three to five years of infecting the ash tree. The larvae spend
approximately one year developing beneath the bark of the ash tree eating the nutrients and water
that should support the tree. The Emerald Ash Borer is an example of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
15.
Mutualism
Symbiosis
Commensalism
An invasive species
What is one way in which plants depend on animals?
A.
B.
C.
D.
16.
Revised 11/7/13
Animals give off the oxygen plants need.
Animals produce the water plants need.
Animals give off the carbon dioxide the plants need.
Animals produce the glucose the plants need.
One of the energy transformations is shown incorrectly in the food web above. Identify the
mistake:
A.
B.
C.
D.
The arrows are pointed in the wrong direction
The owl wouldn’t eat a mouse because it’s an herbivore
A deer wouldn’t eat a mouse because it’s an herbivore
There is no producer shown in this food web
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Use the following information to answer questions 17-19.
The picture shows a pond ecosystem. Many plants and animals live in and around the pond.
17.
Many organisms have adaptations. For example, organisms that live in the water breathe in
oxygen from the water through their gills. Organisms that live outside the pond breathe oxygen
from the air through their lungs. Some animals can swim in the water but still breathe once out of
the pond on land. One year the pond dried up. Which organism has the breathing adaptation
needed to survive in the pond ecosystem once the water has dried up?
A.
B.
C.
D.
18.
In the winter, the pond starts to freeze. The ducks leave the pond. They migrate to warmer
climates. Which statement explains one reason why ducks migrate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
19.
Turtle
Trout
Sunfish
Tadpole
The ducks have too many enemies.
The ducks have difficulty finding food.
The ducks have to lay eggs near water.
The ducks have too few places to hibernate.
Look at the picture of the pond ecosystem. Which organism uses sunlight to produce food that
others eat?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Snail
Sunfish
Butterfly
Green Algae
20.
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Which of the following things in the pond ecosystem (shown above) is abiotic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Revised 11/7/13
Duck
Water
Trout
Butterfly
21.
In the forest, there are many seeds from many types of plants and trees that creatures collect for
food. Some seeds are not eaten by creatures, but are caught in the fur of these animals. Which
seed has structures that allow animals to transport the seed on their fur?
22.
Bees get pollen from the flowers of a plant. Pollen from the flower collects on their legs. How
does the plant benefit from bees?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bees help the plant grow larger flowers.
Bees eggs help the leaves to fall off the plant.
Bees help pollinate flowers so that seeds can form.
Bees help add nutrients to the nectar of the flowers.
Use the picture to answer Question 23.
23.
The owl butterfly has patterns on its wings that look like large eyes.
How does this physical adaptation help the butterfly survive in its habitat?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It helps the butterfly fly faster
It helps the butterfly see better
It helps the butterfly scare away enemies
It helps the butterfly absorb sunlight.
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24.
Oxpeckers land on rhinos or zebras backs and eat ticks and other parasites that live on their skin.
The oxpeckers get food and the zebra get pest control. Also, when there is danger, the oxpeckers
fly upward and scream a warning, which helps the zebra be aware of predators.
A.
B.
C.
D.
25.
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
A mosquito bites its host organism, drinking its blood.
Mosquitos are known to carry diseases and can hurt the
host. When one species harms another, this is an example of
what symbiotic relationship?
A.
B.
C.
D.
26.
Revised 11/7/13
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Cattle egrets live in fields with cows and other livestock. As the cattle and horses walk through
the fields eating, they stir up bugs from the ground. The egrets follow the livestock to catch and
eat the bugs. The cows and horses are unaffected by the egrets. This is an example of what
symbiotic relationship?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
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Use the following Ecosystem Card to answer Questions 27 and 28.
Organism
Tree with berries and acorns
Mouse
Snake
Grasshopper
Owl
27.
Food Eaten
Energy through photosynthesis
Acorns, berries
Mouse, grasshopper, eggs
Leaves from trees
Snake, mouse
The Red-backed Salamander is unlike other salamanders. How so?
A.
B.
C.
D.
they are nocturnal
they don’t spend any part of their life in water
they live under rocks, logs and dead leaves
the are eaten by barred owls
28.
Short Answer: Abiotic factors often affect biotic factors in an ecosystem. Using details from the
Red-Backed Salamander Card above, in your Answer Document, describe two ways that a forest
fire would affect the Red-backed Salamander. (2 points)
29.
Extended Response: A class observed a forest ecosystem with many organisms. Students
combined their observations of what the organisms eat in the table. (4 points)
WHAT EATS WHAT?
Organism
Tree with berries and acorns
Mouse
Snake
Grasshopper
Owl
Food Eaten
Energy through photosynthesis
Acorns, berries
Mouse, grasshopper, eggs
Leaves from trees
Snake, mouse
In your Answer Document, draw a food web using these five organisms. When drawing the food web,
be sure to use the names of the five organisms and draw arrows to trace the energy flow among the
organisms.
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30. Short Answer: An herbicide (a chemical used to kill plants) was used on the plant shown in the
diagram below. In your Answer Document, describe two ways the use of an herbicide can affect the
food web. (2 points)
31.
Short Answer: Sugars and starches are created by plants and eaten by many living organisms as
a source of energy. Some organisms consume (eat) other organisms to obtain energy. In your
Answer Document, describe how a caterpillar indirectly obtains its energy from the sun.
(2 points)