Download 3.3 Digestive System Revised

3.3 Digestive Systems Parts and Disorders Student Handout 2016
Name: ___________
3.3
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The Digestive System's functions are:
• to _____________
• to ____________________
• to ________________________
Total Length: Approximately ______ long
The Digestive System is made up of: the and .
Digestive Tract
Accessory Organs
•
•
•
•
•
• _________
• _________
• _________
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
The digestive tract is made up of various specialized tissue types such as:
• makes up inner linings
• makes up muscular layers
• and more epithelial tissue make up outer lining
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3.3 Digestive Systems Parts and Disorders Student Handout 2016
Name: ___________
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
PARTS
Where does this take place?
FOOD
PROCESSING
INGESTION
DIGESTION
•
and of nutrients
Mechanical Digestion:
and •
into smaller pieces
Chemical Digestion:
• breaking down food using biological chemicals food or ABSORPTION
• Nutrients are absorbed in the digestive tract into the ELIMINATION
•
and undigested matter is removed
Mouth
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
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3.3 Digestive Systems Parts and Disorders Student Handout 2016
Name: ___________
THE MOUTH
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
Teeth
Salivary Glands
• Incisors ­ • Canines ­ • Molars ­ food
food
food
which • produces lubricates, softens and food
• Saliva is a mixture of water, mucus and that start to break down (starch)
Tongue
•
around food inside the mouth and aids in THE ESOPHAGUS • Tube that connects the to the s • Contains that contract to food to the stomach, independent of gravity
• Peristalsis: contractions of the muscles
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3.3 Digestive Systems Parts and Disorders Student Handout 2016
Name: ___________
THE STOMACH
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
Muscular lining
•
in the stomach lining and food protects the stomach •
lining from the _______.
Gastric Juices
• secreted by cells lining the stomach
, and • mixture of that break down nutrients digestion
• site of initial THE SMALL INTESTINE
•
•
•
•
Major site of and Longest part of the digestive tract (approximately Chemical digestion of and Initial site of digestion
)
occurs here
CHEMICAL DIGESTION
Digestive enzymes are secreted into the small intestine by:
1. Cells lining the small intestine
2.
3.
(via 4
3.3 Digestive Systems Parts and Disorders Student Handout 2016
Name: ___________
THE SMALL INTESTINE
AND ACCESSORY ORGANS
ACCESSORY ORGANS
supply the small intestine with digestive ezymes
Liver
• Produces _______ that breaks down _____ into smaller pieces
• ____________________________such as drugs and alcohol
Gallbladder • Stores _________
• Releases ___________________ into the small intestine to aid in the chemical digestion of ____________ and __________________
Pancreas
• Releases ________________ ions to _____________ the acid coming from the stomach
• Also produces an important enzyme called insulin which regulates the concentration of glucose in the blood (however, this is usually classified under the endocrine system)
THE SMALL INTESTINE
ABSORPTION
Nutrients get absorbed into the through blood vessels in the and which help to absorption (by increasing the )
This is where the digestive system interacts with the circulatory system to transport nutrients
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3.3 Digestive Systems Parts and Disorders Student Handout 2016
Name: ___________
THE LARGE INTESTINE
ABSORPTION
• Site of absorption and elimination
• Approximately 1.5 m long
ELIMINATION
• undigested material is stored in the and is excreted through the • reabsorbs from (approx. 90% back into blood)
that • contains produces and and helps in the final breakdown of food
COMMON DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
HEARTBURN
STOMACH ULCERS
backs up • shortage of • Stomach into the sensation felt •
stomach lining
in the same region as the • HCl digests heart
in APPENDICITIS
• appendix is blocked by in stool and causes an that can rupture the appendix
Your Work: Read section 3.3; Complete #1­5
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