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8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc 2. Which mineral can be found in all samples of rhyolite and andesite? A) pyroxene C) biotite B) quartz D) potassium feldspar 3. The table below shows some properties of four different minerals. The minerals listed in the table are varieties of which mineral? A) garnet B) magnetite C) quartz 4. Most rock gypsum is formed by the A) heating of previously existing foliated bedrock B) cooling and solidification of lava C) compaction and cementation of shells and skeletal remains D) chemical precipitation of minerals from seawater D) olivine 7. Which characteristic do samples of the mineral pyroxene normally exhibit? A) B) C) D) yellow to amber color bubbling in hydrochloric acid cleaves at 56° and 124° hardness of 5 to 6 5. Which mineral can be found in granite, andesite, gneiss, and hornfels? A) quartz C) olivine B) pyroxene D) biotite mica 6. Base your answer to the following question on the mineral chart below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The mineral chart lists some properties of five minerals that are the major sources of the same metallic element that is used by many industries. Which mineral might scratch the mineral fluorite, but would not scratch the mineral amphibole? A) brucite B) magnesite C) carnallite D) olivine 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 8. The diagram below represents the mass and volume of a mineral sample being measured. These measurements were used to determine the density of the mineral sample. What is the density of this mineral sample? A) 6 g/mL B) 24 g/mL C) 34 g/mL 9. Which of the following elements is not found in Plagioclase Feldspar? A) Na B) Al C) Si D) Pb D) 60 g/mL 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 10. What are the rock name and map symbol used to represent the sedimentary rock that has a grain size of 0.006 to 0.2 centimeters? A) B) C) D) 11. Which mineral precipitates from oceans and forms rock salt? A) quartz C) halite B) fluorite D) olivine 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 12. Base your answer to the following question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. Which table shows the rocks correctly classified by texture? A) B) C) D) 13. The profile below shows the average diameter of sediment that was sorted and deposited in specific areas A, B, C, and D by a stream entering an ocean. As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become siltstone? A) A B) B C) C D) D 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 14. A rock is composed of several large, rounded pebbles and sand grains cemented together. Which inference about the rock is best supported by this description? A) B) C) D) The rock is older than the pebbles. The rock is igneous. The rock is sedimentary. The rock resulted from evaporation of sea water. 15. Which type of rock is represented by the map symbol below? A) clastic sedimentary rock formed from organic substances B) chemically formed sedimentary rock that consists mainly of the mineral calcite C) regional metamorphic rock with block like foliation D) contact metamorphic rock that results from the alteration of limestone by contact with an igneous intrusion 16. Which processes lead directly to the formation of igneous rock? A) B) C) D) weathering and erosion compaction and cementation heat and pressure melting and solidification 17. Which texture best describes an igneous rock that formed deep underground? A) glassy C) fine grained B) vesicular D) coarse grained 18. Obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed A) B) C) D) slowly, deep below Earth's surface slowly, on Earth's surface quickly, deep below Earth's surface quickly, on Earth's surface 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 19. Base your answer to the following question on the block diagram below, which shows a portion of Eath's crust. Letters A, B, C, and D indicate sedimentary layers. The igneous rock is mostly composed of potassium feldspar and quartz crystals that have an average grain size of 3 millimeters. The igneous rock is most likely A) granite B) pegmatite C) gabbro D) pumice 20. Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture and contains the minerals potassium feldspar and quartz? A) andesite C) pumice B) pegmatite D) scoria 21. Which rock was subjected to intense heat and pressure but did not solidify from magma? A) sandstone C) gabbro B) schist D) rhyolite 22. The data table below lists characteristics of rocks A, B, C, and D. Which rock is most likely phyllite? A) A B) B 23. Which rock is only formed by regional metamorphism? A) slate C) dunite B) hornfels D) marble C) C D) D 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 24. The rock shown below has a foliated texture and contains the minerals amphibole, quartz, and feldspar arranged in coarse-grained bands. Which rock is shown? A) slate C) gneiss B) dunite D) quartzite 25. Which nonfoliated rock forms only in a zone of contact metamorphism? A) conglomerate C) pegmatite B) hornfels D) quartzite Base your answers to questions 26 through 29 on the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Dimension Stone: Granite Dimension stone is any rock mined and cut for specific purposes, such as kitchen countertops, monuments, and the curbing along city streets. Examples of rock mined for use as dimension stone include limestone, marble, sandstone, and slate. The most important dimension stone is granite; however, not all dimension stone sold as granite is actually granite. Two examples of such rock sold as "granite" are syenite and anorthosite. Syenite is a crystalline, light-colored rock composed primarily of potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, biotite, and amphibole, while anorthosite is composed almost entirely of plagioclase feldspar. Like actual granite, both syenite and anorthosite have large, interlocking crystals. 26. Identify one dimension stone mentioned in the passage that is composed primarily of calcite. 27. The igneous rock gabbro is sometimes sold as "black granite." Compared to the density and composition of granite, describe how the density and composition of gabbro are different. 28. State one reason why anorthosite is likely to be white to gray in color. 29. Explain why syenite is classified as a plutonic igneous rock. 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 30. Base your answer to the following question on the table below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The table shows the elements and their percent compositions by mass in the five minerals present in a rock sample. Identify one use for the mineral garnet. Answer Key 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. Limestone or marble 27. Density of gabbro: — higher, — greater Composition of gabbro: — mafic, — rich in Fe and Mg, — presence of pyroxene and/or olivine, — absence of quartz and/or potassium feldspar 28. — Anorthosite is made of plagioclase feldspar, which is white to gray in color. — Anorthosite is made of light-colored minerals. — Plagioclase feldspar is white to gray. — because of anorthosite's mineral composition 29. — Large crystals form from slow cooling deep underground. — The crystals in syenite formed in an intrusion or an intrusive environment. — The texture is coarse. — Syenite formed by solidification of magma. — large interlocking crystals — Syenite formed inside of Earth. 30. —jewelry, —abrasives, —gemstone