Download Minerals, Rocks, Renewable and Non Renewable

Minerals, Rocks, Renewable and Non Renewable
Resources Study Guide
 Fuels are substances that provide energy as a result of a
chemical change
 The 3 major fossil fuels are coal, oil, and natural gas
 Fossil fuels are energy-rich because they contain
hydrocarbons
 Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because they take hundreds to
millions of years to form
 Solar energy from the Sun will not run out for billions of
years
 Coal forms from decaying plant remains
 Coal is the most plentiful fossil fuel in the United States
 Nuclear fusion produces more energy per atom than nuclear
fission
 Wood is a biomass fuel
 Geothermal energy is produced from the intense heat
beneath Earth’s surface
 Minerals are inorganic solids found in nature, having no
living matter inside
 Streak tests the color of a mineral’s powder
 An ore is a rock that contains a metal or other useful mineral
 Smelting is the process used to remove metal from ore
 The hardest known mineral is a diamond
 Talc is the softest known mineral
 Luster refers to how a mineral reflects light from its surface
 A rock is made up of a mixture of minerals and other
materials
 Metamorphic rocks are formed from heat and pressure deep
beneath Earth’s surface
 Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma below or
lava at the earth’s surface
 Lava makes extrusive igneous rocks
 Granite is the most abundant igneous rock
 Deposition is the process by which sediment settles out of
the water or wind carries it.
 Cementation is the process in which minerals crystallize and
glue particles of sediment together.
 Chalk is an organic sedimentary rock made of skeletons of
oceanic microscopic living thing
 A conglomerate is a sedimentary rock made from rounded
fragments of other rocks
 The rock cycle is the process of rocks slowly changing on
and inside the Earth’s surface