Download 8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT

8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content?
A) hematite
B) fluorite
C) galena
D) talc
2. Which mineral can be found in all samples of rhyolite
and andesite?
A) pyroxene
C) biotite
B) quartz
D) potassium feldspar
3. The table below shows some properties of four different minerals.
The minerals listed in the table are varieties of which mineral?
A) garnet
B) magnetite
C) quartz
4. Most rock gypsum is formed by the
A) heating of previously existing foliated bedrock
B) cooling and solidification of lava
C) compaction and cementation of shells and
skeletal remains
D) chemical precipitation of minerals from
seawater
D) olivine
7. Which characteristic do samples of the mineral
pyroxene normally exhibit?
A)
B)
C)
D)
yellow to amber color
bubbling in hydrochloric acid
cleaves at 56° and 124°
hardness of 5 to 6
5. Which mineral can be found in granite, andesite,
gneiss, and hornfels?
A) quartz
C) olivine
B) pyroxene
D) biotite mica
6. Base your answer to the following question on the mineral chart below and on your knowledge of
Earth science. The mineral chart lists some properties of five minerals that are the major sources of the
same metallic element that is used by many industries.
Which mineral might scratch the mineral fluorite, but would not scratch the mineral amphibole?
A) brucite
B) magnesite
C) carnallite
D) olivine
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
8. The diagram below represents the mass and volume of a mineral sample being measured. These
measurements were used to determine the density of the mineral sample.
What is the density of this mineral sample?
A) 6 g/mL
B) 24 g/mL
C) 34 g/mL
9. Which of the following elements is not found in
Plagioclase Feldspar?
A) Na
B) Al
C) Si
D) Pb
D) 60 g/mL
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
10. What are the rock name and map symbol used to
represent the sedimentary rock that has a grain size
of 0.006 to 0.2 centimeters?
A)
B)
C)
D)
11. Which mineral precipitates from oceans and forms
rock salt?
A) quartz
C) halite
B) fluorite
D) olivine
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
12. Base your answer to the following question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A
through F.
Which table shows the rocks correctly classified by texture?
A)
B)
C)
D)
13. The profile below shows the average diameter of sediment that was sorted and deposited in specific
areas A, B, C, and D by a stream entering an ocean.
As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become
siltstone?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
14. A rock is composed of several large, rounded
pebbles and sand grains cemented together. Which
inference about the rock is best supported by this
description?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The rock is older than the pebbles.
The rock is igneous.
The rock is sedimentary.
The rock resulted from evaporation of sea
water.
15. Which type of rock is represented by the map
symbol below?
A) clastic sedimentary rock formed from organic
substances
B) chemically formed sedimentary rock that
consists mainly of the mineral calcite
C) regional metamorphic rock with block like
foliation
D) contact metamorphic rock that results from the
alteration of limestone by contact with an
igneous intrusion
16. Which processes lead directly to the formation of
igneous rock?
A)
B)
C)
D)
weathering and erosion
compaction and cementation
heat and pressure
melting and solidification
17. Which texture best describes an igneous rock that
formed deep underground?
A) glassy
C) fine grained
B) vesicular
D) coarse grained
18. Obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed
A)
B)
C)
D)
slowly, deep below Earth's surface
slowly, on Earth's surface
quickly, deep below Earth's surface
quickly, on Earth's surface
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
19. Base your answer to the following question on the block diagram below, which shows a portion of
Eath's crust. Letters A, B, C, and D indicate sedimentary layers.
The igneous rock is mostly composed of potassium feldspar and quartz crystals that have an average
grain size of 3 millimeters. The igneous rock is most likely
A) granite
B) pegmatite
C) gabbro
D) pumice
20. Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture and
contains the minerals potassium feldspar and quartz?
A) andesite
C) pumice
B) pegmatite
D) scoria
21. Which rock was subjected to intense heat and
pressure but did not solidify from magma?
A) sandstone
C) gabbro
B) schist
D) rhyolite
22. The data table below lists characteristics of rocks A, B, C, and D.
Which rock is most likely phyllite?
A) A
B) B
23. Which rock is only formed by regional
metamorphism?
A) slate
C) dunite
B) hornfels
D) marble
C) C
D) D
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
24. The rock shown below has a foliated texture and
contains the minerals amphibole, quartz, and
feldspar arranged in coarse-grained bands.
Which rock is shown?
A) slate
C) gneiss
B) dunite
D) quartzite
25. Which nonfoliated rock forms only in a zone of
contact metamorphism?
A) conglomerate
C) pegmatite
B) hornfels
D) quartzite
Base your answers to questions 26 through 29 on the passage below and on your knowledge of Earth
science.
Dimension Stone: Granite
Dimension stone is any rock mined and cut for specific purposes, such as kitchen countertops,
monuments, and the curbing along city streets. Examples of rock mined for use as dimension stone
include limestone, marble, sandstone, and slate. The most important dimension stone is granite;
however, not all dimension stone sold as granite is actually granite. Two examples of such rock sold
as "granite" are syenite and anorthosite. Syenite is a crystalline, light-colored rock composed
primarily of potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, biotite, and amphibole, while anorthosite is
composed almost entirely of plagioclase feldspar. Like actual granite, both syenite and anorthosite
have large, interlocking crystals.
26. Identify one dimension stone mentioned in the passage that is composed primarily of calcite.
27. The igneous rock gabbro is sometimes sold as "black granite." Compared to the density and
composition of granite, describe how the density and composition of gabbro are different.
28. State one reason why anorthosite is likely to be white to gray in color.
29. Explain why syenite is classified as a plutonic igneous rock.
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
30. Base your answer to the following question on the table below and on your knowledge of Earth
science. The table shows the elements and their percent compositions by mass in the five minerals
present in a rock sample.
Identify one use for the mineral garnet.
Answer Key
8R ROCKS AND MINERALS EXTRA CREDIT
1.
A
2.
C
3.
C
4.
D
5.
A
6.
B
7.
D
8.
A
9.
D
10.
D
11.
C
12.
A
13.
C
14.
C
15.
B
16.
D
17.
D
18.
D
19.
A
20.
C
21.
B
22.
D
23.
A
24.
C
25.
B
26.
Limestone or marble
27.
Density of gabbro:
— higher, — greater
Composition of
gabbro: — mafic, —
rich in Fe and Mg,
— presence of
pyroxene and/or
olivine, — absence
of quartz and/or
potassium feldspar
28.
— Anorthosite is
made of plagioclase
feldspar, which is
white to gray in
color. —
Anorthosite is made
of light-colored
minerals. —
Plagioclase feldspar
is white to gray. —
because of
anorthosite's mineral
composition
29.
— Large crystals
form from slow
cooling deep
underground. — The
crystals in syenite
formed in an
intrusion or an
intrusive
environment. — The
texture is coarse. —
Syenite formed by
solidification of
magma. — large
interlocking crystals
— Syenite formed
inside of Earth.
30.
—jewelry,
—abrasives,
—gemstone