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NAME:___________________________
Biology Study Guide
VOCABULARY WORDS TO KNOW (+5 for making flashcards)
asexual reproduction
autotroph
binary fission
binomial nomenclature
cell
cell membrane
cell wall
chloroplast
cilia
classification
conjugation
cytoplasm
DNA
endospore
eukaryote
flagella/um
genus
heterotroph
hyphae
invertebrate
mitochondria
multicellular
nucleus
organism
pili/pilus
prokaryote
protozoan
pseudopod
sexual reproduction
species
taxonomy
unicellular
vacuole
vertebrate
You don’t have to make flashcards for these but you should know:
 domains (what are the 3 domains and their characteristics)
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Domain Archae
Domain Bacteria
Domain Eukarya
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(for the kingdoms – know their characteristics)
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kingdom animal
kingdom archaeabacteria
kingdom eubacteria
kingdom fungi
kingdom plant
kingdom protist
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BIOLOGY TEST IS ____THURSDAY, 3/09
REVIEW SESSIONS Wednesday, 3/08
7:45-8:23_Pickett 220
3:30-4:15 _Simpson 221 and Papageorge 222
Flashcards are due ___ THURSDAY, 3/09_____
Study Guide due ____Tuesday, 3/07____
Kingdoms
Fill in the correct characteristics of each kingdom in the table below. More than one answer may fit in
each kingdom.
Kingdom
Prokaryote or
Eukaryote
Autotrophic or
Heterotrophic
Unicellular or
Multicellular
Other
characteristics
Archaebacteria
Prokaryote
BOTH
Only uni
Live in harsh
conditions and chem
diff from eubacteria
Eubacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Building Vocabulary Write a definition for each of the following terms in the spaces provided. You
can use your own words OR use the textbook.
Taxonomy – ______________________________________________________________
Binomial nomenclature –____________________________________________________
Write the levels of classification in order: class, domain, family, genus, kingdom,
order, phylum, species
1.______________________
5. ______________________
2. ______________________
6. ______________________
3. ______________________
7. ______________________
4. ______________________
8. ______________________
You have unidentified organism that is a heterotrophic eukaryote. What kingdoms could it belong to?
1. ___________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
A New Phylum
In 1995, scientists discovered a new species of organism, which they named Symbion pandora. It is not
unusual for new species to be identified. However, the discovery of S. pandora drew attention from around
the world because this strange animal did not seem to belong to any of the phyla into which scientists
classify organisms. As a result, a new phylum called Cycliophora has been proposed for S. pandora. So far,
S. pandora would be the only species belonging to this phylum. (Contrast this with the phylum Chordata,
which includes all species of reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals.) S. pandora was discovered living
on bristles that surround the mouths of Norway lobsters. It has a very complex life cycle with several
different stages. During one stage of the life cycle, the female stays attached to the lobster’s bristles, and is
about 0.35 mm in length. This stage is shown in the figure below. A tiny male clings to this female. There
are also stages in the life cycle of S. pandora when the organism swims freely and does not feed.
Answer the following questions.
1. S. pandora is a member of the animal kingdom. What are three things that you can conclude about S.
pandora from this statement?
__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why do you think S. pandora was not discovered until recently?
__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. What are three things that you think scientists examined when determining how S. pandora should be
classified?
__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. How do you think S. pandora gets food?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Bacteria- Understanding Main Ideas Answer the following questions.
1. How are bacterial cells different from the cells of other types of organisms?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. List at least 2 ways that bacteria are helpful to people.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe how bacteria obtain energy.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Describe what eubacteria does is certain conditions and how does this help them survive.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Describe the environments that Archaebacteria live in.
____________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct
definition on the line beside the term.
________ 6. Cytoplasm
a. process in which one bacterium divides to form
two identical bacteria cells
________ 7. Endospore
b. a small, thick-walled resting cell that forms
inside a bacterial cell
________ 8. Binary fission
c. the region inside the cell membrane
________ 10. Pili
d. process in which one bacterium transfers
genetic material into another bacterial cell
e. hair like structures that allow the cell to move
________ 11. Conjugation
Identifying Bacteria
About 5,000 different kinds of bacteria inhabit Earth. Each kind can be distinguished by its characteristics. In
addition to shape, these characteristics include: whether it will grow in water hotter than 45ºC; whether it will grow
in very salty water; whether it will grow in the presence of air, whether it will grow without air; and whether it forms
endospores. Scientists who study bacteria use these and about 15 other characteristics to identify a bacterium. The
chart below shows some of the characteristics of six common bacteria. A plus (+) sign means the bacterium has the
characteristic. A minus (-) sign means the bacterium does not have the characteristic.
Answer the following questions.
1. What characteristic(s) do all of the bacteria listed have in common?
__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. How could you distinguish bacterium 1 from bacterium 2?
__________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. Which bacteria might be found in hot springs (temperature greater than 45ºC) ?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. What characteristic(s) can you use to distinguish the three kinds of sphere-shaped bacteria from one
another?
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. Sea water is about 3.5% salt. In some places, sea water gets trapped when the tide goes out. The heat of
the sun will cause some of this water to evaporate. Which bacteria are most likely to survive in such water?
Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Protist and Fungi
Understanding the Main Ideas Fill in the blanks in the table below.
Answer the following questions.
8. What is a fungus? _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Does a fungus get its food the same way you do?
Explain.______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
10. Describe what would happen if fungus did not exist. ___________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary Fill in the blank to complete each sentence.
11. Another name for an animal-like protist is a(n)__________________________ .
12. Some animal-like Protist have ______________________________, a fake-foot that allows them to
move and capture food.
13. Some animal-like Protist have______________________________, hair-like projections for moving
and capturing food.
14. ___________________________are of the branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of
multicellular fungi.
15. Some plant like Protist have ______________________, a whip like tail used for moving towards the
sun.
Plant and Animal Kingdoms
Plant Cells- Sketch a PLANT cell and label.
cytoplasm (A)
cell membrane (B)
nucleus (C)
mitochondria (D)
vacuole (E)
cell wall (F)
chloroplast (G)
Animal Cells- Sketch an ANIMAL cell and label.
cytoplasm (A)
cell membrane (B)
nucleus (C)
mitochondria (D)
vacuole (E)
Plant and Animal Assessment
Please circle the word to make the sentence correct and define that word below.
1. Plants produce their food through a process called photosynthesis/reproduction which means
______________________________________________________________________________.
2. Animals are heterotrophs/autotrophs which means _______________________________________.
3. Plants are heterotrophs/autotrophs which means _______________________________________.
4. Plant and animal cells are prokaryotes/eukaryotes which mean they have a nucleus/cell wall that
______________________________.
LABEL THE MICROSCOPE PARTS AND BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THEIR FUNCTION.
1. ____________________________________
8. ____________________________________
2. _____________________________________
9. ____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
10. ____________________________________
4. _____________________________________
11. ____________________________________
5. _____________________________________
12. ____________________________________
6. _____________________________________
13. ____________________________________
7. ______________________________________ 14. ____________________________________