Download [: 3.55

July 4, 1950
F. c. HALLDEN
’
2,514,054
COMPARING MECHANISM
Filed May 6, 1948
3 Sheets-Sheet 1
I
Lg]
27
Deg/‘555, 0
36
72
I03
M4
/80
2/6
252
286’
324
360
CB 2
CB3
c54
CB5
,b/"i/
I
CARD FEED-CL arc/45s ENGAGE-+1
[: 3.55-
'
INVENTOR
FRED C HALLDEN
BY
@
AGENT
July 4, 1950
F. c. HALLDEN
2,514,054
COMPARING MECHANISM
Filed May 6, 1948
3 Sheets-Sheet 2
INVENTOR
- FRED C. HALLDE/V
AGENT
July 4, 1950
F. c. HALLD'EN
2,514,054
COMPARING MECHANISM
Filed May 6, 1948
3 Sheets-Sheet 3
0mmm,mmbw
mm
EX
INVENTOR
FRED c HALLDEN
8% a 5am
AGENT
Patented July 4, 1950
2,514,054
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE
2,514,054
COMPARING MECHANISM
Fred C. Hallden, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to In-'‘
ternational Business Machines Corporation,
New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York
Application May 6, 1948, Serial No. 25,500
8 Claims. (Cl. 235-61.?)
1
This invention relates to apparatus for storing
and comparing electrical impulses by the medium
of small ?xed capacitors.
More particularly the present invention is di
rected to electromechanical devices for the stor
age and comparison of record card data in an
,
2
invention and the best mode, which has been con
templated, of applying that principle.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a capacitor electrical
storage unit.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a socket and drive
electrical accounting machine of the type illus~
into which the storage unit of Fig. l is plugged.
trated in U. S. Patent 2,359,670. The features of
Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the storage
this invention, however, are not limited to elec
unit of Fig. 1 showing the various sets of‘ contact
trical accounting machines, but may be applied 10 brushes.
to any electrical apparatus wherein the storing,
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary circuit diagram and
comparing, and selecting of electrical impulses
diagrammatic view of a storage unit illustrating
are required.
the principle by “which the ?xed capacitors may
Briefly the subject invention comprises a rotat
be charged from data sensed in perforated rec
ing element containing a plurality of pairs of
0rd cards.
small ?xed capacitors arranged to be charged and
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary circuit diagram and a
discharged by means of contact brushes and con
diagrammatic view of a storage unit illustrating
tact segments to which the capacitors are con
the manner in which the ?xed capacitors are
nected. In the embodiment chosen the element is
charged (and regeneratively recharged) in the
rotated in timed sequence with the feeding of a 20 present invention.
record card having perforations which pass under
electrical sensing stations as the card is fed. Elec
trical circuits are provided from the sensing sta
tions to energize gas triodes, which become con»
ductive, providing a potential drop for charging
selected capacitors in the rotating element by
suitable connections to the contact brushes.
Thereafter the charges on the capacitors are de~
livered to electronic comparing circuits through
Fig. 6 shows a fragmentary electrical circuit
adapted to comparing charges upon a pair of ca
pacitors in the storage unit.
Fig. 7 is a fragmentary circuit diagram of a
selector circuit utilized in the subject invention.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating the pres
ent invention as it might be embodied in a ma
chine of the type described in U. S. Patent
2,359,670.
other contact brushes associated with the rotating 30
Fig. 9 is a timing chart relative to the circuit
elements. Provision is also made by means of
diagram of Fig. 8.
another set of contact brushes coacting with the
Referring now to Fig. 1, a cylindrical base ll
rotating element to recharge a capacitor regen
composed of insulating material, contains a cen
eratively; for example, when a gas triode is not
tral bearing l2, the base being surmounted by a
energized by a sensing station, the energization 35 cup l3 having a bearing 14. A cylinder l5 of insu
being provided by sensing the charge remaining
lating material is ?xed to a shaft 16 supported
on the capacitor which is to be regenerated. Re
freely by the bearings 12 and I4 and having a
generation of a chargein this manner may be
driving end l1. Within the cylinder it? are con
produced periodically for an inde?nite length of
tained a plurality of small ?xed condensers 18,
time to effect a perpetual type of impulse storage 40 there being a total of twenty such capacitors uni
in a ?xed capacitor having normal leakage resist
formly distributed in pairs throughout the cylin
ance.
der i5. Each pair of condensers It is connected
The principal object of this invention is there
in series with their connections being led to con
fore to provide a perpetual capacitor storage de
tact segments l9 imbedded and spaced uniformly
vice for electrical charges.
45 in the lateral surface of the cylinder i5 in groups
Another object of this invention is to provide a
of threes. The outer segments I9 each connect
novel electronic comparing circuit energized from
with a condenser E8 of a pair having a common
electrical potentials derived from charges stored
connection to the center segment ii! of the group.
in small ?xed capacitors.
A brush holder 20 forms a raised part upon the
Still another object of the invention is to pro
base II and carries three (3) sets of contact
vide a condenser charging and discharging device
brushes 2| which ride upon the surface of the
wherein charges upon small capacitors are uti
cylinder it making contact with their respective
segments l9 as the cylinder I5 is rotated. With
lized to control gas triodes to regeneratively
charge the capacitors.
reference also to Fig. 3, for purposes of clarity
A further object of the invention is to provide a _
these sets of brushes are de?ned as set K having
novel electromechanical storage unit.
Other objects of the invention will be pointed
out in the following description and claims and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which
disclose, by way of example, the principle of the 60
three (3) brushes, set L having three (3) brushes,
and set M having two (2) brushes, the brush
normally contacting the center segment 19 being
omitted in set M. Each brush is connected by a
wire such as 22 to a contact pin 23 projecting
“2,514,054
3
4
through the base I I, there being a total of eight
(8) such pins corresponding to an equal num
responding segments IQ of the cylinder i5 as it
ber of brushes 2|.
The unit shown in Fig. 1 is pluggable into a
socket as shown in Fig. 2, the socket comprising
an insulated receptacle 24 having eight (8) pin
sockets 25 for connecting with the pins 23'. The
receptacle 213 also has a keyedsocket 26 ‘connected
to a drive shaft 21 which may be driven through
any conventional means. The socket-26 engages
with the end ll of the shaft l6, thereby affording
turns on shaft It to charge a condenser (e. g. a
condenser i8 of Fig. 4) having its terminals con
nected to the corresponding segments i9.
Normally the circuit breaker CB—B is closed for
a period from the time a group of segments i9
passes under the set of brushes K (see Fig. 3 also)
until the same group of segments passes out from
under the set of brushes L. The brush sets K
10 and L, accordingly, are spaced to have the dis
Now referring to Fig. 4, an electric circuit is.
tance between their respective points of contact
with cylinder it less than the distance between
two adjacent groups of segments E9 on the cyl
shown wherein the condensers H8 in a storage unit
inder i5. While switch S—i remains on its upper
a means to rotate the cylinder [5.
similar to that of Fig. 1 are charged by voltage 15 contact, if no positive voltage impulse is received
impulses derived from conventional card Sensing
at the plug. hub P—i , the gas triode G-l remains
stations. A sensing station A, comprising a con
non-conductive, and, as the cylinder i5 rotates,
tact roll 28 and a sensing, brush 29, connected as
the segments i9 pass under the brushes Ziaand
Zib thereby discharging each charged condenser
shown, is arranged to have a record card 30 fed
to it so that a perforation representing certain
is through the resistance R-i.
data may be sensed in a manner well known in
The polarity of the voltage (derived from the
electrical accounting machines. A similar sens
drop across R—i) providing the charging current
ingstation B, comprising a contact roll 3! and a
for a condenser i8 is such that a segment i9 pass
ing under brush am is positive and a segment 19
sensing brush 32, connected as shown, is arranged
to. sense a record card 33. The cards 30 and 33 25 passing under brush 2!?) is negative. When the
are fed in synchronism with the rotation of the
switch S--i.is thrown to its lower contact, as the
cylinder I5 so that correspondingly indexed posi
cylinder it rotates, any charged condenser [8
tions in the cards coincide with positions of the
having its terminals connected to corresponding
cylinder 15. Let it be assumed that a perforation
segments i9 is sensed by the brushes 2H1‘ and 2ls,
occurs at the “Li” index position of card 30 and a
and a potential is thereby provided across the
perforation occurs at the “2” index position of
grid-cathode circuit of the triode G—-l, render
card 33. When the “4” perforation in card 30
ing G-—l conductive provided the potential is
is sensed at sensing station A a circuit is com
sufficient in magnitude. Consequently when a
pleted from a battery 3'4 to the central brush 2th,
charged condenser 18 passes under the brushes
through a segment id, to the common connection 35 2lr and Zis in this manner, G—i conducts and
of the pair of condensers i8 (corresponding to
remains conductive until 013-4) opens the circuit.
the “4” position of cylinder i5) , through the con
denser i812 (left side of cylinder l5, see Fig. 4)
to a segment l9 (left side), through a brush 2 lo
Hence a voltage drop is set up across resistor
R-i until the segments it connected to the con
denser it pass under the brushes 25a and 2lb
(left side), to brush 29, contact roll 28, to 40 at which time the voltage drop is applied across
grounded side of battery 3Q, thereby charging the
the condenser E8 to recharge it. In the manner
condenser 18b (left side). When the “2” perfora
tion in card 33 is sensed at station B a similar
circuit is completed via brush 32 and brush Zia
to charge a condenser i817. (right side of cylinder
i5, see. Fig. 4) . Any condenser l8in the cylinder
I5.may be charged in the manner described, the
charge normally remaining thereon for a time
dependent upon its leakage resistance.
In the presentinvention it has been found to be .
just described the charge upon any condenser l8
may be regenerated again and again as the cyl
inder 15 rotates to provide a voltage impulse
storage means of inde?nite duration.
Referring now to Fig. 6, it is obvious that cir
cuits and energizing means suitable for charging
both the condenser i?a and the condenser i811
can be provided as previously explained. The
brushes 21g and 2 Hz (brush set M of Figs. 3 and
more practicable to charge the condensers i8 by
5') are spaced from the brush set L a distance
means of a circuit. illustrated inFig. .5, certain
equivalent to the distance between two adjacent
advantages being obtained thereby. Let the
brushes. 2.!a, 21b, and Zic representthe. set of
brushes L (Fig. 3), the brushes 21g and
24h represent the set M (Fig. 3), and the
brushes Eli‘, ‘M8, and Mt represent the set of
brushesv K (Fig. 3). A plug hub P--l is plugged
groups of segments IQ of the cylinder 55 so that
after the condensers We and I8?) are charged
they are presented one cycle point later to the
brushes Big and 2H2 as the cylinder I5 is ro
tated. The circuit shown in Fig. 6 enables the
status of charges upon the condensers to be de
termined. A pair of gas triodes G—2 and G-3
to the sensing brush (e. g. the brush 32 of Fig. 4)
ofa. conventional record card sensing station. such 50 are connected with their cathodes in common
through a resistor R.—? to a conductor W—3 rep
vasB of Fig. 4 so that a positive voltage impulse is
resenting the negative side of a direct current
delivered to P—! when a perforation in a record
source. The anodes of the gas triodes G—2 and
card is sensed. When charging a condenser I8
G--3 are connected respectively through a pair of
(as in preceding paragraph) a switch S—-l is
resistors R-3 and R—11 to a conductor W—4 rep
thrown to its top contact so that a positive volt
resenting the positive side of the direct current
age pulse is delivered to the grid of a gas triode
source. rl‘he grid of G—2 is connected to brush
G-—| when a perforation occurs in the card. The
2H1. and the grid of G-3 is connected to brush
triode G—i is connected across a direct current
2| g, there being also connections from the grids
source having a positive line W—I and a negative
line W—-2; consequently, G--l becomes conduc 70 respectively through the resistors R--5 and R—%
tive and current flows through a resistor R—!
to the conductor W-S.
Let it be assumed that condenser iBa alone is
provided that a circuit breaker CB—-ll is closed.
charged. When segments 59 contact the brushes
Azvoltage drop is thereby developed by the resistor
Zig and 2th the condenser 180. will discharge
R-—i which is provided by connections (as shown
in Fig. 5) across the brushes Zla and 21b to cor 75 causing a current to ?ow via brush 2Ig, resistor
5
2,514,054
lit-6, resistor R-5, brush Zlh, and condenser
l8b. A voltage drop will be set up in resistor
R-? raising the potential of the grid of G--3
and in resistor R——5 lowering the potential of
the grid of G--2, each with respect to its cathode.
The triode G-—3 therefore becomes conductive
and a current ?ows from W—4, through R-4,
anode and cathode of G——3, R-—8, R—2, to W—3.
The voltage drop produced in R——2 thereby pro
6
manner and M—2 in an opposite manner, e. g. to
feed primary cards or to feed secondary cards.
When both V-| and V—2 are neutral, indicat
ing no desire therefrom for control, the prepon~
derance for control is shifted to V—S and V—4,
either of which, if positive, will render G—-4 or
G-S conductive. In this manner any number of
positions may be selected for control preponder
ance merely by adding additional contacts upon
vides a negative bias to the grid of G-Z via the 10 the selector disc 35 and connecting these with ad
resistors R—5 and R——l, sumciently greater than
ditional storage units having comparing circuits
the positive potential derived from condenser |8b
as already explained.
in the event that such potential is applied while
Having now described the essential features of
G—3 is conducting to retain G-Z non-conduc
the invention, a complete embodiment is shown
tive. A correlative condition prevails when the 15 in the circuit diagram of Fig. 8 as applied to a
condenser 1827 alone is charged.
record controlled or the type commonly referred
When neither condenser [8a nor condenser
to as a collator. Essentially in its simplest form
li8b is charged it is obvious that no voltage drop
the collator compares record cards of two classes;
is set up in either R-—5 or R-? to render either
namely, primary cards and secondary cards, feed
G--2 or G—3 conductive. Similarly when both 20 ing record cards of one class ahead of cards of
condensers lac and I819 are charged to the same
the other class in order of their corresponding
potential there will be no difference in potential
data designations. Many other functions are
between brush 2 lg and brush 2 H7. and no current
performed by record controlled machines Of this
will ilow through R—5 and R—-6 so no voltage
type, see for example U. S. Patents 2,359,670 and‘
drop is provided to render either G—2 or (3-3
2,379,828, but for purposes of illustrating the util
conductive. When G—2 becomes conductive the
ity of the present invention it will suffice to ex
potential of a terminal T—I rises, and when
plain the operation of the present invention only
(3-3 conducts the potential of a terminal T—-2
rises; consequently, another electronics circuit
may be controlled thereby to utilizethe features .
oi the circuit shown in Fig. 6.
For purposes of illustration, let it be assumed
that two storage units, each with an associated
circuit as in Fig. 6, are employed, as for example
in a record controlled machine where for control
purposes the data read from one column of a
record card is to be given preponderance over
data read from another column. Fig. 7 illus
trates a selector circuit utilized in the present in
vention wherein a selector disc 35 has a pair of
brushes 36 and 3'5’ sweeping respectively over con
tacts V—l, V~—3 and V—2, V—4. Let it be as
sumed also that circuit connections are provided
from T--l (Fig. 6) to V‘—l, from T—2 (Fig. 6) to
V—2, and similar connections from the second
storage unit circuit mentioned above to V——3 and
V—4.
The brushes 36 and 31 are connected re
to the extent where a primary card may be said
to be higher, lower, or equal in denomination as
compared with a secondary card. In the em
bodiment illustrated (see Fig. 8) this distinction
will be evinced by the controlling of certain con
tacts; namely, RL-Sa and RL-4a (Fig. 8), to
complete a circuit to one cf the three terminals
LS, LP, or EQ (Fig. 8), these corresponding, re
spectively, to the three connections shown lead
ing from the contact strips 412 and 413 and the
extreme right contact strip 416 of the “Second
ary Comparing Unit” of Fig. 17a, U. S. Patent
2,359,670.
Referring now to Fig. 8, provision is made
for comparing record cards wherein more than
a single column 01"; data in each card is com
pared at one time, there being two combined
units shown, each comprising a storage unit, a
regenerative capacitor charging circuit, and a
comparing circuit. It is obvious that the capa
bilities of the present invention may be expanded
by including as many of these combined units as
spectively to the grids of two gas triodes C-~4
and G~—5 ‘having their cathodes connected in
common through. a resistor R—-9 to the conductor 50 are desired. Each combined unit includes a stor
W—-3 and having their anodes connected respec
age unit (partially shown in Fig. 8 by dotted lines)
tively through the magnets M-—l and M——2 to
having a cylinder 15a or iiib provided with con
the conductor W—!i. The comparing circuit con
densers l8 arranged in pairs, their terminals con
nected with contacts V—! and V—2 will have
nected with the segments l8. Coacting with one
preponderance for control over that connected
of these storage units are three sets of brushes,
with V—-3 and V—4. Assume, as has been previ
the sensing brushes 38, 39, 40; and charging
ously explained, that the potential of T—l (Fig.
brushes 4|, 42, 43; and the comparing brushes
‘6) has risen so that V——l is at a positive potential
44 and 45. The ?rst two brush sets mentioned
with respect to conductor W-3 and that V—2 is
are connected with a pair of gas triodes (Ii-25 and
neutral while V—-3 is neutral and V—4 is at a
60 G—‘! having as circuit components the resistors
positive potential. When the brushes 36 and 37
R.-l0, R-H, ‘it-42, Fir-l3, R-M and Rr—!5,
encounter V—~l and V—2 respectively the gas
the relay contacts RL——la and ‘BL-2a. and the
triode G——4 will become conductive, current will
plug hubs U—-l and U——2. rl‘he third set of
flow from W—4, through M—l, G—4, and R—-9
brushes is connected with a pair of gas triodes
to the conductor W-—3. A voltage drop will 65 G-l0 and G--ll having as circuit components
thereby be set up in R-9 to bias the grids of
the resistors R-l?, R-l'l, R?-i?, R-IQ, and
G—4 and (3-5 so that neither will thereafter
R-20. Coacting with the other of the storage
vbe capable of being rendered conductive .by posi
units are three sets of brushes, the sensing
tive potentials derived by the brushes 36 and 31
brushes 46, 41, 48; the charging brushes do. 50,
as they sweep over the contacts V-3 and V—-4 70 5|; and the comparing brushes 52 and 53. The
respectively. G—4 remains conductive, however,
?rst two sets of these brushes are connected with
until its anode circuit is interrupted and the pre
a pair of gas triodes G—8 and G—9 having as
ponderance sought is accomplished. When ener
circuit components the resistors R—2l, lit-22,
gized the magnets M-i may be used to control
R—23, R—24, R—25 and R—2S, the relay'con
theoperation of arec'ord card machine-inane 175 tacts RL—lb and RIP-2b, and theplug hubs U—-.3
2,514,054:
7
and TIL-4. Thethird set of brushes is connected:
with a pair of. gas triodes G—iE and G—‘I-{i hav
ing as circuit components the resistors R-—2T,
R~—28, ‘ft-29, R—30, and R-—3l. The cathodes
of Gig-H and G—ld are connected, respectively,
to a pair of inserts to and '6’! on a selector disc
SD, and the cathodes of (Ii-I3 are G—IYZ are
connected, respectively, to a pair of inserts 52 and
53' on the selector disc SD. A pair of contact
rings 55 and 51 are provided on the disc SD upon
which a pair of sliding contact brushes 58 and
59, respectively, slide. These brushes make con
tact with the said inserts as they are revolved
together upon their respective rings, the brush
58 operating to connect the inserts to and 62 to
the ring 56 and the brush 59 to connect the in
serts 6i and 63 to the ring 51. For each com
bined unit added, similar to that representing
column #1 or column’ #2 of Fig. 8, an additional
pair of inserts is'added‘ to the disc SD. The rings‘
56 and 5'! are connected to a pair of gas triodes
8
relay coil RL—2‘. The timing of PRIé-l and
SEC-1 is‘ also shown in the timingv chart ‘of
Fig. 9; it is to be noted, however, that these cir
cuit breakers operate only when their respective
card-feeds operate while the other circuit break
ers*(-CB--'l to 03-5) are operating continuously.
The storage unit, previously discussed, is
shown partially (see dotted lines of Fig. 8), a
partial development of the cylinder [5 being
shown, together with some of the condensers I8
and their contact segments IS]v in each of the
combined units (shown as I50, for column #1 and
as‘ 15b for column #2). Each cylinder I5 is
arranged to revolve so that a group of segments
[9 arrives under the brush station formed by the
brushes 4|, 42, 43 (or the brushes 49, 55, 5|) dur-v
ing each time the contacts of circuit breaker
CBa-Z are made.
It is to be noted therefore that a record card
is fed during the ?rst 180 degrees of the operation
cycle, that each storage unit cylinder makes two
complete revolutions each operation cycle, and
G—-l4. and G—IE, respectively, which have cir
that the selector brushes make one complete
cuit components comprising resistors R—-32,
revolution during the second half of each oper
R—'33, R-Sd, R-35, and R-35, the biasing bat
teriesEC‘—-2 and EC-3, and the relay coils RL-3 25 ation cycle.
In order to more clearly understand the utility
and RIP-4'. A pair of conventional contact rolls
of the invention as embodied in the circuit of
CRP and CBS similar to PCB! and SCR of Fig.
Fig. 8, let it be assumed that plug wires are
35, U. S. Patent 2,359,670 are provided having re
connected:
spectively the‘ common brushes 5d and '55 which
are connected to the positive line W—4 of a di 30
(a) From hub U--l to hub P--B‘
rect‘ current source through a circuit breaker
(b) From hub U-2 to ‘hub S—6
(EB-4'. Another circuit breaker CB-Z connects
(0) From hub U-3 to hub P—~'|
the anodes of the gas triodes G—5, G—‘l, G—B,
(d) From hub U-—4 to hub 8-‘!
and G—-‘9 with line W—6l, and a circuit breaker
Also let it be assumed that record cards are fed
CB—->3 connects the-anodes of gas triodes G—H‘J,
to the contact rollsCRP and CBS, the cards each
G—lll, G--l2 and 6-43 with the positive line
containing perforations representing data in two
W'—4. Gas triodes G—ld and G—l‘5 have their
of the card columns, respectively sensed by the
anodes supplied from the positive line W-—'ll via
brushes
64 connected to hubs P6 and P1 and by
a circuit breaker (IE-41. Negative bias is supplied
the brushes 65 connected to hubs S6 and S1.
to the grids of the gas triodes G—S, G—‘I, G—8,
The cards are fed with their highest numerical
G—Q, G—‘it, G---! l, G—iZ, and G—l3 by a bat
designation leading. Let it be further assumed
teryEC-l having its positive terminal connected
that perforations sensed by the brushes con
to the negative line W—3 of the direct current
nected to P6 and ‘S6 represent the tens order and
source, and. the grid of triode G—ld is biased by
those sensed by the brushes connected to Pi and
a battery EC-Z-l and the grid of G—ll5 by abat
S‘! the units order, i. 'e. corresponding respec
tery EC—2, these batteries being connected re
tively to column #1 and column #2 (Fig. 8).
spectively through the resistors R-t’é and R—35
Assume the card fed to CRP is perforated to
to the negative line W'--3.
represent a numerical value of 21, i. e. perforated
A circuit breaker CB—-5 is also connected with
line W—-4 to the relay contacts RL-—3a and 50 at the “2” index position in the tens column and
at the “7” index position in the units column,
RIP-4a to supply the terminals LP, LS, and EQ.
and the: card fed to CBS is perforated to repre
A timing‘ chart for the various circuit breakers
sent a- numerical value of 22 in a similar manner.
is shown in Fig. 9. It is to be noted that the
The record cards being fed with perforations
brushes 58 and 59 make one complete revolution
of the selector disc SD at the end of each cycle, 55 representing the highest values leading, the ?rst
designation sensed is at the “'7” index position of
and‘with respect to Fig. 9, this must occur when
the card being fed over contact roll CRP, which
thecircuit breaker 'CB-Ji is closed.
places a positive charge on the grid of G—8 via
Associated‘ with the contact roll CRP are a
line W—4, CB-—l, brush 54, contact roll CRP,
group of sensing brushes 64 each connected to a
brush 64 leading to plughub Pl, plug wire to plug
plub hub P6, P1, P8, or P9, and with contact roll
hubU-3, resistor R—25, contact R.L——lbl (trans
CBS 2. group of brushes 85 each connected to
ferred since RL-i-l is energized due to PRI-l
a hub S6, S1, S8, or S9. Perforated record cards
contacts being made whenever the card feed to
are fed between the brushes 54 and contact roll
CRP operates). G—B therefore becomes con
CRP and between the brushes‘65 and contactroll
CRS by card feed means (not shown) similar to 65 ductive, and a circuit is completed from W—-4,
via CB—2, anode of G—8, cathode of G—8,
that shown in Fig. 3b of U. S. Patent 2,359,670.
'R-—2'3, line W—3a, to line W—-3, and a voltage
Cards are fed in synchronism to each of the
drop is produced in resistor R-23. As the
contact rolls so that corresponding card index
cylinder l5b pertaining to the storage unit asso
positions arrive under the brushes $4 and 65 in
ciated with G—8 isrevolving a condenser [8 will
time relation with the making of the CB-l con
be chargedwhen its segments [9 pass under the
tacts. vA circuit breaker PRI-—l operates with
brushes 49 and :55 due to the voltage drop in
the card feed feeding a card to the contact roll
R-23. The companion condenser 18 having its
CRP toenergize a relay coil RL-l, and a circuit
segments ISY'under the brushes 56 and M will not
breaker SEC-l operates with the card feed feed-l
be charged at this time since there is no voltage
ingacard to the contact roll CRS to energize a
9
2,514,054
drop in the resistor, R-M, G-9 not being
conductive.
The card fed to CRP is fed simultaneously with
the card fed to CBS, so that when the cards
advance to have their “2” index positions under
the brushes 64 and 55 respectively, positive pulses
are supplied to the grids of G—-6, G-l and G--9
in a manner similar to that already described.
With respect to G--9, when a positive pulse is
10
EC-3 is su?icient to prevent the triode G-M
from becoming conductive. When brush 59
encounters the insert 63, however, a positive
potential equivalent to the sum of the voltage
drops across R—2'! and R-29 is applied to the
grid of G—|5 suf?cient to overcome the negative
bias of the battery EC-‘Z and render (3-! 5 con
ductive. The relay RL-3 is thereby energized
via a circuit line W--4, CB—-4, anode of G_!5,
supplied, G——9 becomes conductive and a circuit 10 cathode of (‘i-I5, relay ELL-3, resistor R,—34,
is established from W—-4, via CB—2, anode of
to line W-3. The relay contacts R.L—-3a are
G-Q, cathode of G--—9, resistor Rr—'24, W—3a,
thereby transferred so that when the circuit
to W-S, and a voltage drop is produced in re
breaker (DB-5 closes its contacts a voltage pulse
sistor lit-24. Hence a condenser l8 of cylinder
will be transmitted from the line W——3 to the
l5b whose segments is fall under the brushes 50 15 plug hub LS which is plugged to control the feed—
and 5| will be charged by the voltage drop in
ing of cards from the contact roll CRS ahead of
resistor R-24 at this time.
cards from contact roll CRP similar to a machine
Since the cylinder l5b is revolving, it is obvious
such as that described in U. S. Patent 2,359,670.
that the condenser 18 charged by resistor R.—23
In other words, control is provided in accordance
and its uncharged companion condenser will ad 20 with the order or sequence of the record cards
vance so that their segments 19 pass under the
that are sensed and compared.
With the ar
brushes 52 and 53 before the segments is asso
rangement shown in Fig. 8 if a higher order
ciated with the condenser l8 charged by Elf-215.
card were sensed at CBS than at CR1”, a similar
Consequently, due to the discharge of the con“
operation would be effected to operate the relay
denser l8 through the circuit brush 52, resistor 25 RL-4 and its contacts RL—4a (transferred) to
R-3l, resistor R-38, brush 53, a voltage drop
deliver a pulse via the plug hub LP. When the
will be produced in resistor R—3| to swing the
cards sensed at CRP and CBS are the same order,
grid of G-iZ positive causing G--l2 to conduct.
or when cards are not sensed at both CRP and
A current will thereby ?ow from W~_4, via
CBS, no pulse is received by either G-l4 or
CB—-~3, line W—1, anode of G-l2, cathode of
G—l5 so that a pulse is delivered via the circuit
G—-l2, resistor R-Z‘I, resistor R,—29, to line
breaker CB—5 and the normally closed contacts
W-—3. The voltage drop in the resistor R——29,
ELF-3a and RL—4a to the plug hub EQ. It is to
thereby produced, will bias the grids of Cit-l2
be further noted that when either G—l!i or
and G-l3 su?iciently to prevent a charge of
(3-45 is conductive, the voltage drop in resistor
another charged condenser [8 from rendering 35 R-—3/t is added to the negative bias of the bat
either (3-! 2 or G-l3 conductive. Unlike CB-i,
tery EC-Z or EC—3 to prevent the other gas
which is timed to break its contacts between each
triode from responding to a pulse which might be
passage of a group of segments I 9 under the
derived from the brushes 58 or 59 contacting
brushes 49, 5B, 5!, the circuit breaker CB-S re
inserts 67 or 68, respectively, the latter being at
tains its contacts closed continuously for 2'70
positive potentials resulting from the sensing of
degrees of the operation cycle (see Fig. 9). (3-—!2
data in columns of the record cards representa
therefore remains conductive, but G-I3 remains
tive of lower digital signi?cance when control has
non-conductive and is unaffected by the passing
already been established by a higher digital
under the brushes 52 and 53 of the segments I9
signi?cance.‘
associated with the condenser l8 charged by
When cards are fed to and sensed at CRP and
resistor R-24.
are not fed to and sensed at CR8, or vice versa,
With respect to G--6 and G-l, each receives
the designation of the last card so fed and sensed
a positive pulse upon its grid simultaneously, each
will prevail in the storage unit involved until
thereby being rendered conductive at the same
further cards are fed and sensed. For example,
time, and both condensers l8 of a pair consem 50 let it be assumed that a card having a numerical
quently being charged simultaneously when their
designation "35” is fed to CR8 and thereafter no
segments it pass under the brushes M,
43.
cards are fed to CBS although cards continuously
Therefore when the cylinder l5a revolves and
are fed each cycle to CRP. When the card is
the condensers l8 have their segments iii pass
sensed by CBS the tube G-—-'l will become con
under the brushes M and 45, no potential differ 55 ductive as the “3” index position is sensed and
ence is provided across resistors R-—l€l and BN2!)
so that neither G-I!) nor G-ll becomes con
ductive. Since neither G—l0 nor G-ll
con»
the tube C~—.9 as the “5” index position is sensed.
Consequently a condenser [8 in the cylinder [5a
of the associated storage unit will be charged as
ductive there will be zero voltage drop across
the cylinder rotates to bring segments 59 under
the respective resistors R-IS, R-l'i, and ilk-2%, 60 the brushes 42 and as via the voltage drop in
resistor R—l3 (in a manner similar to that pre
6-!
and the
l with
potentials
respect of
to the
line cathodes
W—3 willofbeGull}
Zero. 0n
viously described). ‘Since the charged condenser
the other hand the potential of the cathode of
l8 advances as the cylinder l5a revolves, the
G—-! 2 with respect to W—3 will be the sum of the
charge on the condenser will be sensed by the
voltage drops in resistors R-Z'! and Rr—2? while 65 comparing brushes 44 and 45 to actuate the tube
the cathode potential of G-JB will be equal to
G-ll so that comparing is made with pulses
the voltage drop of resistor lite-29.
supplied to G—lil, as previously described. While
When the brushes 58 and 59 sweep over the
cards continue to be fed the circuit breakers
selector disc SD during the second half of each
FRI-4 and SEC—-l operate as shown in the tim
operation
iii no change
cycleof encountering
potential occurs
the at
inserts
the grids
i313 of 70 ing chart (Fig. 9). When no card is fed over
CBS, however, its feed clutch is not engaged at
G——l4 or (Bi-l5. When the brush 58 contacts
234 degrees (see Fig. 9); consequently, the con
the insert 62 a positive potential equivalent to
tacts of SEC-l remain open. Therefore the re
the voltage drop of resistor R,—29 is applied to
lay RL-2 remains de-energized and the contacts
the grid of G—I4; however, the bias battery
RL-—2a and RL-Zb do not transfer.
‘2,514,054
11
12
sions and substitutions and changes in the form
and details of the device illustrated and in its
operation may be made by those skilled in the
It is to be noted here that ‘when a charged con
denser i8 is sensed byithe'bru'shes 44 and 45 (or
by the brushes 52 and 53), in order to provide
potentials for energizing G-—i0 and (3-4! (or
G--I2 and G—l3) to conduct, a portion of the
art, without departing from the spirit of the in
vention. It is the intention, therefore, to be lim—
ited only as indicated by the scope of the follow
ing claims.
charge is drained off via the current in the re
sistors R-l9 and R—20 v(or R——'30 and R-3i).
Also when one condenser .of a pair of condensers
What is claimed is:
I8 is uncharged and the other charged, as their 7 ,
1. In a record controlled machine wherein rec
segments 19 contact the brushes 44 and 65, a
current through resistors R-I9 and Pia-2% will
flow from the charged condenser i8 tending to
charge the uncharged condenser of the pair (sim
I
ord cards are fed having data, representations at
index point positions, means for sensing succes
sively the said positions, a series of capacitors
including one capacitor for each "said position, a
normally eifective capacitor discharging means
ilarly regarding brushes 52 and 53 relative to re- ,
lected to have a value of 100,000 ohms or more,
and the brushes 44 and. 45 (or 52 and 53) con
capable of dissipating an inherent charge on
any of said capacitors, a normally 'ineiiective' ca
pacitor charging means capable of charging a
said capacitor to a, predetermined value, means
tact the segments [9 for a relatively short in»
terval, the drain from the charged condenser
l8 will be negligible and the extent to which
the uncharged condenser of a pair of condensers
I8 is charged will be very slight. Consequently
the extent to which a charged. condenser i8 is dis~
charged in this manner is immaterial.
erative relation with the said discharging means
and with the said charging means concurrently
with the sensing of the respective positions of
record card, and means controlled. by the sensing
means for rendering the said charging means ef
fective and simultaneously rendering the said
.sistors R—3[! and 'R-—3l')'. Since the resistors
‘RP-l9 and R-Zil (or _R—-.30 and R—-3i) are se~
for moving said capacitors successively into op~
discharging means ineffective when a data repre"
Therefore after a charged condenser 43 passes
its segments i9 under the brushes t4 and 45, its
charge is substantially una?ected, and if the
contacts RL—2a remain in their normal posin
sentation is sensed.
ductive. Consequently the condenser I8 which
rendersG—'l conductive will in turn be recharged
by the voltage drop of .R-l? produced by Ga-l
when the condenser segments i9 pass under the
brushes 42 and 4.3. In thismanner the condenser
itors successively, across said impedance concur
rently with the sensing of the respective positions
2. In a record controlled-machine wherein rec
ord cards are fed having data representations at
index
point positions, means for sensing succes
tion (which is the case when the circuit breaker I);
sively the said positions, a series of capacitors
.SEC—I is open) .a-charge will be sensed by the
including one capacitor for each said position,
brushes 39 and 40 as the cylinder lea continues
an impedance, means for connecting said capac
revolving su?icient to render the tube G—‘l con~
of a record card normally whereby a residual
charge upon a capacitor leaks off, and means
controlled by the sensing means for developing
apctential across said impedance when a data
5 representation is sensed effective to charge the
capacitor then connected across the said imped
will be recharged every cycle until a new card
is red to CBS when the contacts RIr—2a transfer.
.A similar action follows witha condenser it in
ance.
the cylinder |5b with respect to the contacts
RL—2b and the brushes M, 48, 50, .and 5!- and
3. In a record controlled machine for storing
representations of record card data, means for
the gas triode .G--9. When no cards are fed to
successively sensing the index point positions of
CRPsimilar action takes place.
a record card, an electronic device rendered con
~ . When cards are fed continuously to ‘OR? or
ductive responsive to the sensing of a data repre
sentation at one of the said positions, a plurality
of capacitors one corresponding to each said po
sition, circuit connections to the said device for
deriving a potential therefrom when said device
‘CBS any charge remaining on any condenser is?
is removed by leaking o? over one of the resistors
-R—-l2, Rr—-\l3, R—23, or R--24 (since the contacts
ferred) unless a designation is sensed at CR? or
CRS which would produce an. identical charge
with that already on the condenser.
Since the values of some of the electrical>corn~ , ,
noted,
ponentsalist
areofsomewhat‘
values which
critical,
may beused
as heretofore
is here—
inafter tabulated:
G--| to G~—l5:‘Type 884 (RCA) gas triode
Condenser l8: .1 mfd.
EC--l : 25 volts D. C‘.
EC—-2, EC—3: 80 volts ‘D. C.
‘Line W--3 to line W-ll: ‘115 volts D. vC.
is conductive, distributing means coacting with
the said connections for selectively charging a
said capacitor, means for reading successively
each of the said capacitors to detect a charge,
and means for disconnecting the said electronic
device from the said sensing means and for con
necting the said detecting means thereto whereby
a charged capacitor renders the said device con
ductive to recharge the said capacitor.
.4. In a record controlled machine wherein rec
ord cards are fed having data representations at
index point positions, means for sensing succes
sively the said positions, a series of capacitors including one capacitor for each said position, a
normally ine?ective capacitor charging means
capable of charging a said capacitor to a prede
mrmined value, means for moving the said ca
pacitors successively into operative relation with
70 the said charging means concurrently with the
'
ohms
While there have been shown and described
and pointed out the fundamental novel features
of the invention as applied to a preferred em
sensing of the respective positions of a record
card, means controlled by the sensing means for
rendering the said charging means eiiective when
a data representation is sensed, means for detect
bodiment it will be understood that various omis 75 ing a charge upon a said capacitor, means for
13
£514,054
14
transferring control of the said charging means
from the said sensing means to the said detecting
series of capacitors, means to bring the capaci;
tors of both series pertaining to each said value
into operative relation with their related charg
ing means coincident with the sensing of said
data representing means for the respective data
values, means controlled by the said sensing
means for rendering the charging means effective
when a charge upon a said capacitor is detected,
and delay means for continuing the said charging
means effective for a predetermined time.
5. In a comparing device for control records
means upon the detection of a value in either of
having data representations at index point posi
the said data representing means for rendering
tions, a plurality of pairs of capacitors, one pair
the related charging means effective, means for
corresponding to each said position, means for 10 comparing the respective charges on- pairs of
sensing concurrently like positions in two of said
corresponding capacitors in the two series per
records, said means being arranged to sense the
taining to each said value, and a pair of normal;
different positions in each record sequentially,
1y inoperative control devices selectively operable
means under control of the said sensing means
by the said comparing means according to the dis‘
for charging a related capacitor each time a data 15 parity of the compared charges.
representation is sensed, means for detecting
8. A device for comparing the respective
charges upon the pairs of capacitors sequentially
charges upon a pair of series connected capacitors
each cycle, a pair of control devices, and means
comprising a pair of gaseous discharge devices
controlled by the said detecting means upon de
having their cathodes connected in common and
tecting the ?rst charged capacitor of a pair in 20 a terminal connection to a control element of
a cycle, for selectively operating one of the said
each adapted to be detachably connected to one
control devices.
of the free terminals of the said capacitor pair,
6. In a comparing device for control records
a load circuit for each said device connected be
having data representations at index point posi
tween its anode and the common cathode con
tions, a plurality of pairs of condensers, one pair 25 nection, and an impedance connected between
corresponding to each said position, means to
the said control elements having a center tap
sense corresponding index point positions of two
connected to the said common cathode connec
records simultaneously, the said means being
tion, whereby a disparity in the charges upon
adapted to sense the different positions in each
the capacitors being compared produces a po»
record in sequence, means under control of the
tential in the said impedance to cause load cur
said sensing means for charging a related con
denser each time a data representation is sensed,
rent to flow in one of the said devices and to pre
vent load current from ?owing in the other.
FRED C. HALLDEN.
cylindrically operative means for detecting
charges upon the pairs of condensers successively
each cycle, a pair of control devices, and means
controlled by the said detecting means for op
erating one or the other of the said control de
vices according to the disparity of charge de
tected between a pair of condensers.
7. In a comparing device for comparing two
data representing means, means for sensing con
currently the two said data representing means,
said sensing means sensing both data represent
REFERENCES CITED
The following references are of record in the
?le of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Number
Name
Date
2,220,489
2,349,437
2,416,625
ing means sequentially over a predetermined
number of different data values, two series of
capacitors, each series including one capacitor
for each of the said values, two normally inef
fective capacitor charging means, one for each
Lowkrantz ________ __ Nov. 5, 1940
Keeler ___________ __ May 23, 1944
Hooper ___________ __ Feb. 25, 1947
OTHER REFERENCES
45
Dual-Triode Trigger Circuits, Phelps, Electron
ics, page 110, Fig. 1, July 1945.
Certi?cate of Correction
Patent No. 2,514,054
July 4, 1950
FRED O. HALLDEN
It is hereby certi?ed that error appears in the printed Specification of the above
numbered patent requiring correction as follows:
Column 13, line 33, for the Word “cylindrically” read cyclically;
and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, so that the same
may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Of?ce.
Signed and sealed this 10th day of October, A. D, 1950.
[SEAL]
THOMAS F. MURPHY,
Assistant Commissioner of Patents.
Certi?cate of Correction
Patent No. 2,514,054
July 4, 1950
FRED O. HALLDEN
It is hereby certi?ed that error appears in the printed speci?cation of the above
numbered patent requiring correction as follows:
Column 13, line 33, for the Word “cylindrically” read cyclically;
and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, so that the same
may conform to the record of the case in the Patent O?ice.
Signed and sealed this 10th day of October, A. D, 1950,
THOMAS F. MURPHY,
Assistant Commissioner‘ of Patents,