Download Fact Sheet Pansy - Aggie Horticulture

Fact Sheet for Texas A&M Floriculture Program
Common Name
Pansy and Viola or Johnny-Jump-Up
Botanical Name
Origin
Product sizes
Cultivars
Propagation
Cost/propagule
Flowering control
Temperature
Light
Water
Viola X wittrockiana (pansy); Viola tricolor
(viola)
Hybrid (pansy); European naturalized in North
America (viola)
Bedding plant, sold in autumn, survive winter,
commence flowering late winter and early
spring, wither in hot summer; cut flower
Hundreds for pansy organized into 3 flower
sizes: 1.5-2.5, 2.5-3.5, 3.5-4.5-inch; violas
come in various color combinations of yellow,
purple-red, violet-blue, or white, 0.75-inch
flowers
Seed, germinate in dark, 60-64% germination
at 65-750 F; use primed seed in hot weather;
violas like night temperature =600 F
$0.02 – 0.20 seed or seedling plug
Long day decreases days to flower, increases
flower number and internode length; night
interruption increases height; short day
produces short, sturdy stems
High summer temperatures limit flowering by
causing a decline in vigor; 40-550 F after root
establishment; >600 F growth is weak and
internodes elongate
Supplemental HID decrease days to flower
and increases flower number; use full light
unless shade is needed to reduce temperature
Never allow to be water stressed
Nutrition (know
Moderate feeder; 100 ppm N is sufficient, use
symptoms and
only nitrate N; B and Ca deficiency cause
treatment for ones
cupping & distortion of new foliage
underlined below)
N
P
K
Ca Mg S
Fe Mn
Zn Cu B
Mo Cl Ni
E.C. ?
Height reduction
pH 5.5-6.0 if too high or too much Ca = B
deficiency; <5.5 = Ca deficiency or Fe & Mn
toxicity = rusty mottling on foliage
Not needed if cool temperatures and high
light prevail; Bonzi 2-15 ppm; Sumagic 3-6
ppm; Bnine 2500 ppm; DIF; water stress
Spacing
Pinching/disbud
In garden beds 8 to 9-inches apart (pansy); 6
to 8-inch apart (viola); in flats space flat to
flat
None
Support
NA
Insects (be able to
identify those
listed)
Diseases (know
symptoms and
treatments for
those listed)
Physiol. Disorders
(know symptoms
and treatments for
those listed)
Aphids; thrips
When to harvest
(plant development
stage)
Improving
postharvest quality
and longevity
Shipping
requirements
Expected
postharvest
longevity
Market period
Market price
Damping off (Pythium and Rhizoctonia); leaf
spot; Botrytis; Root and crown rot
Insufficient flower size due to high production
temperature and/or late application of growth
retardants; Mottled Pansy Syndrome =
elongated, twisted, streaked leaves, cause
unknown
Cut flowers, when flower is almost fully open,
store in water at 34-410 F, up to 7 days
Plugs can be stored 16 weeks at 410 F with 5
fc and at 32-360 F in the dark; moderately
sensitive to ethylene
NA
Fall sales for fall planting and late winter and
spring flowering in the south; spring sales in
the north
?