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Download • Earth has SEVEN major biomes: • Marine • Tropical rain forest
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Transcript
Biomes • Earth has SEVEN major biomes: • Marine • Tropical rain forest • Grassland • Desert • Temperate deciduous forest • Tundra • Taiga Aquatic Biomes • Covers about 75% of the Earth's surface • Freshwater and saltwater • Wide variety of animals and plants Saltwater • The marine biome is the biggest biome in the world! – It covers about 70% of the earth. • Includes oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries(river flows into ocean). • Five main oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic & Southern, as well as many smaller Gulfs and Bays. Tropical Rain Forest • Location: the Amazon in South America, Central Africa, mainly involving Zaire, & Southeast Asia. • Warm temperatures all year • 68 F-93 F • Abundant rain fall all year • 150 cm per year (177 in) • 49 in per year in Ga • Soil is thin & lacks nutrients. Rainforest Plants • Lush, thick forests • Canopy consists of uppermost branches of trees • Trees have short roots • Plants grow on trees to get sunlight Bromeliads Epiphytes Orchids Buttress Roots Rainforest Animals • Home to more than half of the world’s animals • Range from tiny insects to large mammals Morpho Butterfly Toucan Macaw Jaguar Spider Monkey Boa Constrictor Poison-Arrow Frog Grassland • Located: Africa, South America, Eurasia, and the plains of North America • Hot summers & cold winters • Temperatures range from 100 F to 40 F. • 10 and 35 inches of precipitation a year, much of it occurring in the late spring and early summer • Soils that are nutrient-rich from the growth and decay of deep, manybranched grass roots Grassland Plants • Primary plant life is grass • Trees & large shrubs are largely absent Cottonwood Asters Willow Purple Needlegrass Buffalo Grass Blazing Stars North American Grassland Animals • Herbivores dominant-Animals that eat only plants Bison Coyote Hawk Prairie Dog Pronghorn African Grassland Animals Lion Zebras Elephant Caracal Emu Chacma Baboon African Wild Dog DESERT • Located: North & South America, Africa, Australia • Temperature ranges from 64 F-120 F • VERY dry climate – South America=less than 1.5 cm a year – North America=almost 28 cm a year • Soils are coarse-textured, shallow, rocky or gravely Desert Plants • Plants have long roots & the ability to collect &store water Asian Mustard Elephant Tree Mojave Yucca Popcorn Flowers Barrel Cactus Desert Animals • Nocturnal animals live in deserts, they come out at night to avoid the high temperatures Sonoran Desert Toad Arizona Bark Scorpion Greater Roadrunner Black-Tailed Jackrabbit Meerkat Texas Horned Lizard Temperate Deciduous Forest • Biome where you live! • Located: Eastern half of the United States, Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and Japan • 4 distinct seasons • Average temperature=50 F • Average rainfall per year=30-60 inches • Soil is thick and rich in nutrients to support a variety of plants Temperate Deciduous Forest Plants Deciduous trees found here=lose their leaves in the fall Maple Tree Oak Tree Ferns Birch Tree Beech Tree Lichen Temperate Deciduous Forest Animals • Animals must be able to adapt to changing seasons Broad-Winged Hawk Raccoon Turtle White-Tailed Deer Opossum Ladybug Tundra • Located: Alaska, Northern Canada, edges of Greenland, Northern Scandinavia, northern Siberia, & Russia • Long, cold winters and short, summers (snow can fall in summer) • Temperature ranges from -18 F20 F • 6-10 inches of rain a year • Soil is frozen=permafrost Tundra Plants Caribou Moss Bearberry Tufted Saxifrage Diamond Leaf Willow Tundra Animals Polar Bear Snowy Owl Arctic Hare Grizzly Bear Arctic Fox Taiga • Located: Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Russia; spreading through the Northern Hemisphere. • Temperature range 25 F50 F • Winter precipitation=snow annually about 20-40 inches. • Rainfall usually occurs in the summer=10-20 inches • Soil lacks nutrients Taiga Plants • Coniferous trees dominate this biome=have cones HemlockTree Pine Tree Douglas Fir Tree Taiga Animals • Mammals with heavy fur coats can be found living in this biome Fox Mink Reindeer Caribou Grey Wolf
