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Unit5-EnergyConverters
1. The diagram below is a cross-section of a plant stem. Xylem and phloem are specialized
to perform their function because the cells are elongated like tubes and allow for the
transport of materials during photosynthesis.
What is transported in the Xylem?
Water and Minerals
What is transported in the Phloem?)
Glucose
2. The molecule below is a PRODUCT of the photosynthesis reaction.
What molecule produced during photosynthesis is shown in the
diagram on the right?
Glucose
3. The results of an ecological study are shown in the graph below.
Based on your knowledge of photosynthesis,
during what months is the most sunlight
available?
May, June & July
Why is there less dissolved oxygen produced in January and December?
There is less sunlight during these months. Less sunlight leads to less photosynthesis
--> less photosynthesis means that there will be fewer oxygen bubbles produced.
4. Sometimes organisms like the one shown in the diagram below can act as both a producer
and a consumer based on the amount of light that is available. Under which condition do
you believe they would act as . . .
A Consumer:
(in the light or in the dark)
When the organism is placed in
the dark because in the dark,
they will not be able to go
through photosynthesis.
Euglena spp.
A producer
(in the light or in the dark)
When the organism is placed in a
light environment. In the presence
light they are able to go through
photosynthesis.
5. A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated
below.
Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant. What must be
present for oxygen to be released during photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide, Water and Sunlight (energy)
6. What is produced during the light-independent stage of the Calvin cycle?
Glucose
7. ATPase is an enzyme that breaks the bonds of ATP converting it into ADP in cells. When
you exercise, how do the ATPases affect the rate of energy production?
As muscle activity increases so does the need for ATP. The increased
need for ATP causes an increase in the production of ATPase that is
necessary to release the energy in the last bonds of ATP.
8. Explain why some of the carbon dioxide produced by green plants during cellular
respiration is not excreted (released) as metabolic waste?
It is reused during photosynthesis.
9. Explain the differences between the process of aerobic respiration and fermentation based
on their need for oxygen?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces up to 38 ATP.
Fermentation (anaerobic respiration) happens in the absence of
oxygen and produces only 2 ATP.
10. In which cellular organelle is the energy in the bonds of glucose molecules transferred to
the phosphate bonds in ATP?
Mitochondria
11. Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration are metabolic pathways that transform
energy. These pathways can be energy releasing or energy acquiring processes.
Is photosynthesis
energy releasing
or energy requiring?
Is Cellular Respiration
energy releasing
or energy requiring?
Energy Requiring
Energy Releasing
12. Which of these is the job of the animal respiratory system?
Provide the oxygen necessary for cellular respiration
What is the major organ involved in this process?
Lungs
13. What is the primary role of the stomach in the human digestive system?
Break down the food that we eat releasing the glucose our cells need for
cellular respiration
14. Which components of cellular respiration are exchanged with the atmosphere by the
respiratory system?
The oxygen needed for cellular respiration enters our bodies through the
respiratory system. The carbon dioxide produced during cellular respiration is
then removed from the body through the same respiratory system.
15. The purpose of red blood cells in the process of cellular respiration?
To transport oxygen to the cells for cellular respiration.
16. Transpiration is the process of water escaping from the leaf of a plant, as seen in the
diagram below:
Explain how the release of water allows for more water and
nutrients to move up from the roots.
Transpiration causes water to be drawn up the xylem from the
roots and transported to the leaves in order for photosynthesis
to take place.
17. Root cells have no chlorophyll and grow in darkness. Which part of the plants transport
system (xylem or phloem) delivers the sugars (nutrients) necessary for their survival?
The phloem delivers the sugars (glucose) produced during photosynthesis in the leaves
to other parts of the plant.