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Classroom Rules 2. Write Down Vocabulary: Atrium: Upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the rest of the body Ventricle: Lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart to the rest of the body Pulmonary: Refers to the lungs Systemic: Spread throughout the entire body Viscosity: Refers to how fluid a liquid is Blood with high viscosity = difficult to push through vessels 1. Due : Evens: 01/06 Odds: 01/07 Answer the following questions: Is exercise important for the heart? Why? What is carried in the blood? What is homeostasis? How does the circulatory system work with other systems to maintain homeostasis? What are some factors that affect blood flow?(Research, name and describe at least 3 factors) OBJECTIVE Identify and investigate the general functions of the circulatory system. Describe the structure of the heart and explain how it pumps blood through the body. The circulatory system is divided into two separate pathways: pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. How do they work together and separately to move blood throughout the body? What do you think homeostasis means? “The circulatory system maintains homeostasis” Homeostasis – Equilibrium Today we will be writing down what is in RED 1. Transports O2 (oxygen), CO2 (carbon dioxide), nutrients, etc. to and from the cells of the body. 2. Helps maintain a constant body temp. & homeostasis. 3. Carries cells that help protect the body from disease. The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. Blood Circulation: The heart functions as two separate pumps. Systemic circulation: BODY receives oxygen-rich blood pumped by the LEFT side of the heart Pulmonary circulation: LUNGS receive oxygendepleted blood pumped by the RIGHT side of the heart http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.stru.circulator/from-theheart/ Each half of the heart has an upper chamber (atrium) and lower chamber (ventricle). The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs to pick up O2. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. Arteries carry oxygenated blood AWAY from heart. ▪ Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to LUNGS. Veins bring deoxygenated blood back to the heart. ▪ Pulmonary Vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium. As blood flows through the circulatory system, it moves through three types of blood vessels: Arteries Capillaries Veins Large & tough Thick walls that help them withstand the powerful pressure produced when the heart contracts. Carry oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart to the tissues of the body Pulmonary artery = deoxygenated The aorta is the first of a series of arteries that carry the blood to the rest of the body. Walls are only one cell thick. Smallest of the blood vessels. Most are so narrow that blood cells must pass through them in single file. Bring O2 & nutrients to tissues Absorb CO2 & other waste from tissues Return deoxygenated blood to heart. Pulmonary vein = oxygenated As with arteries, the thin walls of veins contain connective tissue and smooth muscle. Large veins contain valves that keep blood moving toward the heart. Veins Body (Capillaries) Arteries Heart When you are sitting still, your heart pumps about 5 L of blood each time. When you are active, your heart pumps up to 35 L. Why do you think there is an increase? 1. Follow teacher directions. 2. Begin the activity in a standing position at a station along the route taped to the floor. 3. Using the color circle representing the type of blood for your position, walk along your route and describe to the class what is happening at each stop. 4. Explain what route (blood vessel) must be followed to reach the next stop. CO2 O2 Pulmonary Vein Pulmonary Artery RA Vena Cava LA RV LV Aorta WE DO: “Go With The Flow” Part I “Go With The Flow” Part 2 Instructions: Using the four basic flowchart symbols, chart the blood’s path through the heart and throughout the body. Start in the right atrium where the blood enters the heart and end with the vena cava veins returning blood to the heart – one complete cardiac cycle! Start /End Structure A process Direction 15 min Below are the steps involved in the pumping action of the heart, but they are not in correct sequence. Put them in order, numbering them from 1 to 9. ____ Blood will then move through the ARTERIES, then through CAPILLARIES, and then return through the VEINS. ____ The RIGHT VENTRICLE then pumps blood through the PULMONARY ARTERY into the lungs. ____ The RIGHT ATRIUM contracts and pumps the blood through the tricuspid valve and into the RIGHT VENTRICLE. ____ The left side of the heart contracts the strongest to send blood out the LEFT VENTRICLE and through the AORTA on its way to all parts of the body. ____ Oxygenated blood then flows through the PULMONARY VEIN and into the LEFT ATRIUM. ____ Deoxygenated blood (blood without oxygen) will then return to the heart and the cycle repeats ____ In the lungs, tiny blood vessels called CAPILLARIES absorb carbon dioxide from the blood and replace it with oxygen. ____ Oxygenated blood then pumps through the mitral valve and into the LEFT VENTRICLE. __1_ Blood that has circulated through the body, which has lost its oxygen and collected carbon dioxide, enters through the VENA CAVA into the RIGHT ATRIUM of the heart. Answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1. What are the four main parts of the circulatory system? 2. Compare and contrast the three types of blood vessels. Finish before the bell rings!