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Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 Chapter 12 Chapter 12 Grade: «grade» Subject:DNA and RNA Date:«date» 1 What element is not found in DNA? A nitrogen B phosphorous C sulfur D carbon 2 The process of transformation occurs with what type of organisms? A bacteria B protists C fungi D humans 3 What is the function of DNA? A to deliver proteins to the ribosome B to store genetic information C to replicate itself often D none of the above 4 Hersey and Chase were able to conclude that the genetic material of a bacteriophage was... A the protein B the DNA C the RNA D the sulfur 5 Genes are made of... A proteins that regulate the production of DNA B nucleic acids that code for carbohydrates C coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins D amino acids that build nucleic acids 1 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 6 What are the monomers of nucleic acids called? A amino acids B nucleotides C glycerol and fatty acids D polysaccharides 7 What 3 components below make up a DNA nucleotide? A ribose, sulfurous base, phosphate B phosphate, nitrogenous base, ribose C phosphate, deoxyribose, nitrogenous base D sulfurous base, deoxyribose, phosphate 8 Which of the groups below represent purines? A adenine and thymine B adenine and guanine C cytosine and guanine D thymine and cytosine 9 Which of the groups below represent pyrimidines? A adenine and thymine B adenine and guanine C cytosine and guanine D thymine and cytosine 10 Besides carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which element is found in the bases for DNA and RNA? A sulfur B phosphorous C nitrogen D iron 11 What 2 components of DNA nucleotides make up the "backbone" of a DNA molecule? A nitrogen base and phosphate B phosphate group and sulfur group C nitrogen base and a sugar D sugar and phosphate group 12 How do purines and pyrimidines perform base pairing? A purine to purine B pyrimidine to pyrimidine C purine to pyrimidine D they don't do base pairing 2 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 13 The model in which 2 strands of DNA are wound around each other is called the... A ladder B double helix C staircase D none of the above 14 If 32% of the nitrogenous bases are adeine, what percentage of nitrogenous bases will be thymine? A 18 B 32 C 36 D 64 15 If 32% of the nitrogenous bases are adenine, what percentage of nitrogenous bases will be cytosine? A 18 B 32 C 36 D 64 16 Where is the DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? A cytoplasm B ribosome C lysosome D nucleus 17 DNA and protein tightly packed together forms a substance called... A histone B chromatin C chromosome D nucleosome 18 Chromatin consists of DNA that is tightly coiled around proteins called... A DNA polymerase B RNA polymerase C helicase D histone 3 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 19 What is a nucleosome? A The structure where you find the DNA in eukaryotic cells B The structure where you find the DNA in prokaryotic cells C the protein that DNA coils around in order to become a smaller molecule D a beadlike structure of DNA and histone proteins helping to make DNA fit into smaller areas 20 During what phase of the cell cycle is the DNA replicated? A mitosis B meiosis C S phase D G1 phase 21 What is the end product of DNA replication? A 2 identical DNA molecules B 2 not identical DNA molecules C mRNA D tRNA 22 Each old strand or parent strand of the double helix of DNA serves as a.... A blueprint B template C typewriter D gene 23 In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication occurs at... A one point and continues through the entire strand in only one direction B one point, but replicates in 2 directions C many points called replication forks and replicates in 2 directions D many points called replication forks and replicates only one direction at a time 24 Which bonds are "unzipped" during the DNA replication process? A phosphate bonds B sugar bonds C covalent bonds D hydrogen bonds 4 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 25 The principle enzyme involved in DNA replication is... A histone B DNA polymerase C RNA polymerase D histidine 26 DNA polymerases job is... A proofread the new strands for errors B join new nucleotides to the old strand of DNA to help make 2 new DNA molecules C to unzip the hydrogen bonds between the phosphate groups D Both A and B 27 ____ are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell. A RNA B enzymes C genes D polysaccharides 28 RNA consists of long chains of... A amino acids B nucleotides C polypeptides D fatty acids 29 RNA nucleotides are composed of... A ribose sugar B nitrogenous bases C phosphate groups D all of the above 30 Thymine is only found in DNA. Which nitrogen base takes the place of thymine when creating RNA? A cytosine B guanine C uracil D adenine 31 What are the three main types of RNA? A nitrogen RNA, transmit RNA, ribosomal RNA B transmit RNA, messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA C ribose RNA, transfer RNA, messenger RNA D messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA 5 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 32 Most RNA molecules are involved in one job. What is that job? A polypeptide chain creation B lipid production C gene production D DNA replication 33 What are the monomers of a protein called? A polysaccharides B polypeptides C amino acids D nucleotides 34 During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed A that is complementary to both strands of DNA B that is complementary to neither strand of DNA C that is doublestranded D inside the nucleus 35 How many codons are needed to specify 4 amino acids? A4 B8 C 12 D 16 36 How many nucleotides are needed to specify 4 amino acids? A4 B8 C 12 D 16 37 Which of the followign terms is LEAST closely related to the others? A intron B tRNA C polypeptide D anticodon 38 mRNA are composed of introns and exons that leave the nucleus to attach to a ribosome for translation to occur. True False 6 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 39 Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code? A tRNA B rRNA C mRNA D RNA polymerase 40 Which of the following is NOT a gene mutation? A inversion B insertion C deletion D substitution 7 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 Chapter 12 Continued Chapter 12 Continued Grade: «grade» Subject:DNA and RNA Date:«date» 1 Which of the following statements is true? A A promoter determins whether a gene is expressed. B An expressed gene is turned off. C Proteins that bind to regulatory sites on DNA determine whether a gene is expressed. D RNA polymerase regulates gene expression. 2 A lac repressor turns off the lac genes by binding to A a promoter B tRNA C the operator D the lac genes 3 Which type of feedback loop is shown by the lac genes being turned on and off in the presence of lactose sugar? A negative feedback B positive feedback C mixed signals feedback D amplification feedback 4 Gene regulation in eukaryotes... A usually involves operons B is simpler than in prokaryotes C allows for cell specialization D includes the action of DNA polymerase 5 What role do hox genes play? A Deciding gender B Deciding body plan C Deciding cell differentiation D Both B and C 7 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 6 The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of ____ in proteins. A nucleotides B amino acids C operations D polysaccharides 7 The lac repressor releases the operator in the presence of... A glucose B lactaid C lactose D galactose 8 What is produced during transcription? A RNA molecules B DNA molecules C RNA polymerase D proteins 9 What is produced during translation? A RNA molecules B DNA molecules C RNA polymerase D proteins 10 What happens during the process of translation? A messenger RNA is made from DNA B the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins C Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA D Copies of DNA molecules are made 11 Genes contain instructions for assembling A Purines B Nucleosomes C Proteins D Pyrimidines 12 A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a(an) A chromosomal mutation B inversion C point mutation D translocation 8 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 13 Which of the following is NOT generally part of a eukaryotic gene? A operon B TATA box C promoter sequences D enhancer sequences 14 A promoter is a A binding site for DNA polymerase B binding site for RNA polymerase C start signal for transcription D stop signal for transcription 15 After _____ are cut out of an RNA molecule, the remaining ____ are spliced back together to form the final messenger RNA. A exons; introns B introns; exons C anticodons; codons D codons; anticodons 16 What causes translation to stop? A stop anticodon B stop codon C repressor D operator region 17 How many nucleotides make up a codon? A1 B2 C3 D4 18 The ____ found on the tRNA are complementary to the ____ found on the mRNA. A anticodons; codons B codons; anticodons C uracil; thymine D uracil; adenine 19 In what organelle does transcription take place? A lysosome B nucleosome C nucleus D ribosome 9 Clash of the Classes Review.notebook April 03, 2015 20 In what organelle does translation take place? A lysosome B nucleosome C nucleus D ribosome 21 The DNA nucleotide sequence is AATTGGCC. What is the complementary DNA strand sequence? A TTCCGGAA B TTAACCGG C CCGGAATT D CCGGTTAA 22 The DNA nucleotide sequence is ATAGCG. What RNA sequence would be created during transcription? A UAUCGC B TATCGC C TUTCGC D AAAAAA 23 Every amino acid only has one codon that species for that particular amino acid. True False 24 Which of the following include all the others? A DNA molecules B chromosomes C nucleosomes D histones 25 Deletion and insertion mutations are ____ mutations. A point B chromosomal C frameshift D inconsequential 26 A change in the DNA sequence the affects genetic information is called... A promoter B nucleotdie C transcription D mutation 10
