Download Study Guide

Name
Date
Class
CHAPTER 11
Study Guide
Section 1: Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance
In your textbook, read about basic patterns of human inheritance.
Use the terms below to complete the passage. These terms may be used more than once.
albinism
heterozygous
alleles
homozygous
A (1)
cystic fibrosis
pedigree
dominant
recessive
shows the inheritance of a particular trait over
several generations. An organism with two of the same (2)
for
a particular trait is said to be (3)
for that trait. An organism
with two different (4)
for a particular trait is heterozygous for
that trait. When alleles are present in the (5)
(6)
state, the
trait will be observable. An individual who is heterozygous
for a (7)
disorder is called a carrier. Examples of recessive
genetic disorders in humans are (8)
(9)
and
.
In your textbook, read about recessive and dominant genetic disorders.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Complete the table by writing the disease name for each description.
albinism
galactosemia
Disease
10.
achondroplasia
Huntington’s disease
cystic fibrosis
Tay-Sachs disease
Description
caused by altered genes; results in lack of skin pigment
11.
recessive genetic disorder; characterized by body’s inability to
tolerate galactose
12.
recessive genetic disorder; gene found on chromosome 15;
characterized by lack of enzyme that breaks down fatty acids
13.
recessive genetic disorder; affects mucus-producing glands,
digestive enzymes, sweat glands
14.
15.
Unit 3
dominant genetic disorder; affects the nervous system
autosomal dominant genetic condition; affects height and
body size
CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity
49
Study Guide, Section 1: Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance
continued
In your textbook, read about patterns of inheritance.
For each statement below, write true or false.
16. A scientist uses a pedigree to study family history.
17. A pedigree traces the inheritance of a particular trait through only two
generations.
18. In a pedigree, one who does not express the trait is represented by a darkened
square or circle.
19. In a pedigree, a horizontal line between two symbols shows that these individuals are the parents of the offspring.
20. Individual II1, as shown below, is in generation II.
)
))
)))
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Refer to the pedigree above. Respond to each statement.
21. Recall if the trait is recessive or dominant based on the following information:
In the pedigree, individuals I1 and I2 are unaffected but have an affected child.
22. Specify if parents II1 and II2, who have an affected child, are carriers of the trait.
23. Tell whether there is a dominant gene in the genotype of II4.
50
Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11
Unit 3
Name
Date
Class
CHAPTER 11
Study Guide
Section 2: Complex Patterns of Inheritance
In your textbook, read about incomplete dominance.
Complete the table by checking the correct column(s) for each description.
Reminder: R is dominant (normal red blood cells).
R⬘ is recessive (sickle-shaped red blood cells).
1. R’R’
2. RR’
3. RR
In your textbook, read about sex-linked traits.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Refer to the Punnett square. Respond to each statement.
XB
Y
XB
XBXB
XBY
Xb
X B Xb
XbY
Reminder: A female has 2 X chromosomes.
A male has an X and a Y chromosome.
B is dominant (normal color vision).
b is recessive (color blindness).
4. Tell if the father has color blindness.
5. Specify if the father has a recessive allele.
6. State whether the only child that could have color blindness is male or female.
Unit 3
CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity
51
Name
Date
Class
CHAPTER 11
Study Guide
Section 3: Chromosomes and Human Heredity
In your textbook, read about chromosomes and human heredity.
Match the definition in Column A with the term in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1. micrograph of chromosomes
A. karyotype
2. abnormal number of chromosomes
B. Down syndrome
3. withdrawal of tissue from the placenta
C. telomere
4. extra chromosome 21
D. nondisjunction
5. protective cap at the end of a chromosome
E. chorionic villus sampling
In your textbook, read about Down syndrome.
Draw the indicated parts of a karyotype of a child born with Down syndrome and respond to
each statement.
7. Chromosome 21
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6. Chromosome 20
8. Chromosome 22
9. Tell why this karyotype is called “trisomy.”
10. Recall the term for the sister chromosomes failing to separate during cell division.
11. State whether the risk of having a child with Down syndrome is higher in mothers
who are younger or older.
52
Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11
Unit 3