Download Psychology 40S Final Assessment Review

Psychology 40S Final Assessment Review 2016
Unit 1 – Introduction to Psychology
Know the following schools of thought, their founding psychologist and how they contributed to our
understanding of psychology:
 Behaviourism
 Structuralism
 Functionalism
 Humanism
Who were the following people? What were their contributions to Psychology?
1. Rene Descartes
2. Wilhelm Wundt
3. Abraham Maslow
4. Jean Piaget
5. Ivan Pavlov
6. B.F. Skinner
7. Sigmund Freud
8. Carl Rogers
Be able to discuss how the use of the scientific method is important to the validity of psychology?
In addition be able to explain the following in regards to psychological experiments:
 Different research methods and their pros and cons
 Ethical issues while conducting experiments
 Problems and solutions in psychological research
Unit 2 - Biopsychology
Be able to discuss the following:
 Structures of the brain
o Cerebrum
o Corpus callosum (in regards to split brain surgery)
o Thalamus (relay centre)
o Hypothalamus
o Pituitary gland (regulates hormone production)
o Hippocampus (in relation to memory)
o Cerebellum
 Endocrine system
 Central and peripheral nervous system
How do sensation and perception work together and how can this impact human behaviour? Be able to
support your answer with an example.
What is the effect of stress on the body and how do we cope?
Psychology 40S Final Assessment Review 2016
Motivation:
Be able to explain different theories of motivation including, but not limited to, Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs.
What is the difference between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation? Be able to provide
examples of each.
Unit 3 - Developmental Psychology
Be able to discuss, and provide detail on, the following developmental theories:
Cognitive Development (Jean Piaget)

Sensorimotor

Preoperational

Concrete operations

Formal operations
Discuss how the following concepts contribute to our cognitive development

Schemas

Assimilation and accommodation

Object permanence

Conservation
Attachment Theory (Ainsworth, Harlow)

How, why and when do attachments form?

Secure attachment

Avoidant attachment

Resistant attachment

What are the characteristics of different attachment styles?
Erik Erickson – stage theory

Trust versus mistrust

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

Initiative versus guilt

Industry versus inferiority

Identity versus confusion

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Gerenativity vs. Self-absorption

Integrity vs. Despair
Lawrence Kohlberg’s stage theory

Preconventional level

Conventional level

Postconventional level
Psychology 40S Final Assessment Review 2016
Issues affecting adolescents:
a) At-risk behaviour, why do adolescents put themselves at risk?
b) Susceptibility to drug/alcohol abuse, causes
Issues affecting adults:
 Age 30 crisis-leaving your youth / re-evaluating your life decisions and possibly making changes
before it’s too late.
 Midlife crisis – looking/evaluating one’s life and grieving what hasn’t happened.
 Transition to parenthood the most dramatic. Why?
Issues affecting older adults:
 Decline in mental functioning (is this a fact of old age?)
 Cognitive changes including Alzheimer’s disease / dementia
 Adjusting to death and dying (5 stages of grief)
Personality theories:
How did Freud explain personality using the id, ego & superego?
What are personality traits? Discuss some common trait theories and how they explain personality.
Unit 4 - Cognitive Psychology
Be able to discuss the following theories of learning including their founders and famous experiments:
1. Classical Conditioning
2. Operate Conditioning
3. Observational Leaning
Memory: be able to explain the following:
 The Process of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval
 Stages of memory: sensory, short-term, and long-term memory
How do we organize information and solve problems? Explain some common errors in problem solving.
Why do we need sleep? What influences sleep quality?
Unit 5 - Variations in Individual and Group Behaviour
 What does it mean to be normal?
 When we deviate from the norm is this always considered a mental illness?
 The DSM IV – how we classify psychological disorders
For the following lists of disorders please be familiar with their symptoms, causes, impacts and potential
treatments.
Psychology 40S Final Assessment Review 2016
Anxiety Disorders
 Generalized Anxiety Disorder
 Phobic Disorder
 Panic Disorder
 Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Somatoform & Dissociative Disorders
 Conversion Disorder
 Hypochondriac
 Dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, and dissociative identity disorder
Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders
 Schizophrenia
 Delusions
 Hallucinations
 Major depressive disorder
 Bipolar Disorder
Personality Disorder and Drug Addiction
 Antisocial personality
 Drug Addiction
 Alcoholism
Interpersonal Attraction
Be able to discuss the impact of physical proximity and how we choose friends.
Group Behaviour – be able to discuss the following
 Why do we join groups? What do they give us? How do groups function and perform in
different situations.
 Conformity. Why do we conform? How do groups influence conformity?
 Obedience. Why do we obey? What influences obedience to authority?
Social Perception – be able to discuss and define the following
 Stereotypes and discrimination
 Primacy effect
 Schemas
 Attribution Theory
Explain the Triangular Theory of Love and different types of love relationships
Psychology 40S Final Assessment Review 2016
Important Experiments and Videos Discussed in Class

Mr. Split Brainy

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’s 5 stages of grief

Stress and Health Video (TED talk by
Kelly McGonigal)

Albert Bandura – Bobo Doll Experiment

Ivan Pavlov – Classical Conditioning and
Pavlov’s Dogs

Gibson and Walk’s Visual Cliff

The Case of Genie (Language
development)

B.F. Skinner – Skinner Box pigeon and
rat studies

Piaget’s experiments with his children

Stanley Milgram’s Shock Experiment

Harlow’s rhesus monkey experiment

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment

Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation

John Watson’s Little Albert Experiment

The Heinz Dilema (moral reasoning)


The Mysterious Workings of the
Adolescent Brain (TED talk on risky teen
behaviour)
Asch’s Conformity Experiment (line
comparisons)

Schachter’s Psychology of Affiliation

Jane Elliot’s Blue-Eyed, Brown-Eyed
Exercise

Elkind’s 6 Problems with Adolescents

Media influences on changing gender
roles (ads and commercials)