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Justinian a high-ranking Byzantine nobleman that became emperor. Justinian Code A single, uniform legal code that consisted of four works. Hagia Sophia “Holy Wisdom” a church built in Constantinople. Patriarch A leading bishop of the East. Icons Religious images used by Eastern Christians to aid their devotions. Excommunication to become an outcast from the Church. Cyrillic Alphabet Alphabet invented by Cyril and Methodius. In your opinion, was Justinian a great leader? Why or why not? Yes—Returned Rome to glory, built Constantinople, brought order to society. ! ! No—Ruled with absolute power. How did the Byzantines help to preserve Greco-Roman culture? Through education, which stressed Greek and Roman culture and learning. What various methods did the Byzantines use to hold off their enemies? Bribery, diplomacy, political marriages, and military engagement. Why did Eastern Christians rebel against Emperor Leo III in 730? He banned their use of icons. Do you agree or disagree with the characterization of Justinian as a new Caesar? Why? Agree— He reconquered much of Roman Empire, had absolute power, built Constantinople.! ! Disagree— He let some traditions slip, replaced Roman law with new laws. Why do you think Justinian decided the time had come to reform Roman law? Possible answwer: ! The Byzantine Empire needed its own laws; a number of laws had become obsolete and contradictory. Why do you think the Justinian Code lasted so long? It was fair and comprehensive and enabled citizens to settle claims and disputes peacefully. Imagine you are a Byzantine missionary attempting to convert a group of Slavs. Write a speech that you would give to the group in order to sway them.