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 What advantages
did Constantinople
have due to its geographical location?
Name all 4
1. Protection of the eastern frontier
2. Distance from Germanic invasions in the
western empire
3. Crossroads of trade
4. Easily fortified site on a peninsula bordering
natural harbors
Came from a poor family.
Left his family to become an Educated man
Eventually became Roman Emperor
Under Justinian, the Byzantine Empire reached
its height in culture and prosperity.
Full of enthusiasm for the memories of Rome,
he set himself, and achieved, the task of
reviving Roman glory.
Re-conquest of former Roman territories.
Regained territories in Italy and parts of Spain and
North Africa.
With the expansion of the physical geography
of the Empire Justinian also expanded trade.
The most enduring work of Justinian was his
codification of the laws.
As the first to codify Roman law, Justinian
provided the basis for the law codes of Western
Europe.
Justinian believed that the great empire he was
re-conquering had to have the strength of
organized unity.
 He said in his law code that a state rests on
arms and law.

Code
 The collection of useful Roman laws

Digest
 Summarized Roman legal opinions (Guide for judges)

Institutes
 Introduction to the law and the Code for law students

Novels
 Laws added to the Code
Justinian’s wife Theodora was an influential
advisor to him.
Because of her Byzantine law improved the
status of women.
For the first time, allowed Christian women to
own property equal to that of their dowry
A dowry meant the money or goods a wife
brought to a husband at marriage
Strong central government
Government officials were skilled, efficient, and
well paid.
Clever diplomats
Created alliances through marriage with
foreign powers.
Powerful Military
“Greek fire”: when sprayed or thrown onto
enemy ships, the liquid burst into flames,
setting them on fire.