Download Secuencia "The simplest living things"

 Identificación de la unidad didáctica
NIVEL LINGÜÍSTICO SEGÚN MCER A.2.1
IDIOMA
Inglés
ÁREA/ MATERIA
Ciencias Naturales
NÚCLEO TEMÁTICO
Bloque 2: Los seres vivos más sencillos
GUÍON TEMÁTICO
Características principales de los organismos que
comprenden el reino Protoctistas y Moneras, estructura
y forma en que realizan sus funciones vitales.
Estructura general de los virus y su ciclo de infección.
FORMATO
Material didáctico en formato Microsoft Word
CORRESPONDENCIA CURRICULAR
(etapa, curso)
1º de Enseñanza Secundaria
AUTORÍA
Aurea Mª González Martínez
TEMPORALIZACIÓN APROXIMADA
4 sesiones
COMPETENCIAS BÁSICAS
Conocimiento e interacción con el medio físico.
Comunicación lingüística, tratada continuamente en
inglés y español.
Cultural y artística, realizando esquemas, diagramas,
dibujos de los distintos grupos de seres vivos.
Autonomía e iniciativa personal, investigando aspectos
del mundo vegetal.
OBSERVACIONES
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Tabla de programación de la unidad didáctica
OBJETIVOS DE
ETAPA
Identificar las principales características de los
microorganismos.
Examinar las estructuras vitales de las bacterias
Aprender la estructura de los virus
CONTENIDOS DE
CURSO/CICLO
Principales características de los microorganismos
Características, estructuras y funciones vitales de los
organismos que pertenecen al reino Monera y
Protoctista.
Características, estructura y ciclo infeccioso de los
virus.
TEMAS
Reino Monera
Reino Protoctista
Virus
MODELOS
DISCURSIVOS
Clasificar los diferentes micoorganismos
Opinar sobre el valor y beneficios de los
microorganismos.
Definir las partes esenciales de organismos que no
son visibles al ojo humano.
Describir sobre modelos la estructura de seres
sencillos.
TAREAS
Interpretar diagramas, esquemas.
Usar criterios científicos para clasificar a los seres
vivos.
Analizar textos científicos.
CONTENIDOS
LINGÜÍSTICOS
FUNCIONES:
ESTRUCTURAS. LÉXICO
Clasificación:
As you can see.
- It is clasified
into
It is classified
into…..
-It is divided
into
This organelle is
made of…..
-It is considered
As far as I
Autotrophs
Microorganism
Prokariotic
Monera
Algae
Coccus
Flagelates
Reproduction
Protozoa
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to be
concern …..
Definición:
-It is a type of
This part in
white
represents..
Opinión:
Can you spell..
-From my point
of view
What do you
think..?
-As I see it
Viruses
Protoctists
Unicellular
Kingdom
Illness
Cytoplasm
Organs
Tissues
Multicellular
Eukaryotes
Benefits
Descripción y
Narracción:
-That is a kind
of
-On one hand
-To start with
-To sum up
CRITERIOS DE
EVALUACIÓN
Poder identificar, describir y clasificar organismos
que pertenecen a los reinos Protoctista y Monera.
Describir las estructuras y funciones vitales de las
bacterias.
Describir la estructura y ciclo de infección de los
virus.
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UNIT 11.- THE SIMPLEST LIVING THINGS
Natural Science 1º ESO
Do you know what all these words mean? What are we going to talk
about?
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What do you remember?
What do all living things have in common?
What three vital functions do all living things carry out?
What is the chemical composition of all living things?
Where can you find microorganisms?
In this unit, you will:
Identify the main characteristics of microorganisms
Examine the structure and vital functionsof bacteria
Learn how viruses are structured
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1.- WHAT IS THE PROTOCTISTA KINGDOM?
The Protoctista kingdom includes unicellular and multicellular living
things. They are all eukaryotes and have no tissues. Protozoa and algae are
found in this kingdom.
Ciliate protozoa
Listen to the following text and fill in the blanks:
1.1.- What are protozoa?
The main characteristics of protozoa are:
• ________________.
• ______________. They feed on bacteria, organic remains and other
microscopic organisms.
• They live in salt water and ______ water.
• Some are __________, and cause illnesses.
Vorticella
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1.2.- How many groups are there?
There are four groups of protozoa. They are classified according to the way
they move:
• Flagellates: They move using a flagellum or tail. Trypanosoma
causes sleeping sickness.
Trypanosoma between blood cells
• Ciliates: They move using cilia. Paramencium is shaped like a
slipper, it has two nuclei.
Paramecium
• Rhizopods: They use pseudopods, projections of cell cytoplasm.
Entamoeba histolytica causes dystentery.
Entamoeba histolytica
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• Sporozoa: No movement. Plasmodium causes malaria.
Plasmodium
1.3.- What are algae?
The main characteristics of algae are:
• Unicellular or multicellular. Unicellular algae sometimes form
colonies. Each cell can carry out the vital functions. Therefore, algae
have no true tissues or organs.
Volvox unicellular algae
Unicellular algae
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• Autotrophs. They contain chlorophyll and other pigments which
capture sunlight for photosynthesis. They can be classified by their
pigment: green, brown or red.
• Some live in salt and fresh water, but others live on tree trunks or
rocks. Some unicellular algae, like diatomea, float on water forming
phytoplankton, and are food for aquatic animals.
Diatomea
Diatomea
• Algae provide food for humans too, for example, ice cream is
made from algae. Industrial uses include medicines and fertilizers.
Algae pasty
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1.4.- How many groups are there?
• Green algae. They are mainly green and live on the surface of salt
water or fresh water. For example: Euglena, Ulva.
Green algae
• Brown algae: They are green and yellowish pigment. They live in
salt water, on rocky coasts and on the surface of water. For example:
Diatomeas, Sargazos.
Brown algae
Brown algae
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• Red algae: They are green and red in colour, and they live in warm,
still ocean water. For example: Coraline.
Coraline
Red algae
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Crossword:
Can you spell …..?
Can you help me with the word in ….?
I think the first letter is ….?
What do you think ……. is?
More activities:
1.- Describe how each group of protozoa move. Example:
… move using …, …do not move.
2.- What do algae have in common with plants?
3.- Compare protozoa and algae?
…live in… .
… are autotrophs, but … are … .
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2.- WHAT IS THE MONERA KINGDOM?
a.- First, let’s see the next video about bacteria:
b.- And now, listen to the following text and fill in the blanks:
This kingdom contains unicellular, ________, prokaryotic organisms. They
do not have an organized ___________.
Bacteria belong to the _______ kingdom. They can live almost anywhere.
They sometimes form _________, but each individual cell remains
independent. The first living things on _______, more than 3,500 million
years ago, were probably _________.
2.1.- Bacteria nutrition
Most bacteria are heterotrophs: they do not produce their own food.
Parasites feed off of living things. They cause illnesses like
tuberculosis and cholera.
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• Saprophytes live on dead or decomposing matter. They transform
organic substances into inorganic substances. Lactobacilo is used to
make yoghurt.
• Symbionts live on the bodies of other living things to provide
mutual benefit. They can be found in the digestive system of many
mammals, where bacteria help with digestion.
• Some bacteria are autotrophs. For example, cyanobacteria make
their own food through photosynthesis.
2.2.- Bacteria reproduction
They reproduce by binary fission, producing two daughter cells. Each
daughter cell grows and then divides again.
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2.3.- How many groups are there?
Bacteria can be classified into four groups by their shape:
• Coccus. Spherical
• Bacillus. Rod-shaped
• Vibrio. Curved-rod shaped
• Spirillum. Helical
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Label each
1. L
h group oof bacteriaa by theirr shape:
2.- R
Read the following
f
g text and answer the questioons:
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A.- Find words in the text which mean the following.
1. infant:
2. separated:
3. contagion:
4. changes:
5. occupy:
6. attach:
B.- Correct the information in each sentence.
1. The bacterium E. coli is in the intestine before birth.
2. E. coli never causes diarrhea among infants.
3. .E. coli is just a commensal organism of the large intestine.
4. An E. coli strain, once established, may persist only for a few days.
C.- Think and answer.
1. Who did describe first E. coli?
2. Where did he find it?
3. Can E. coli cause diarrhea in humans?
4. How does E. coli reach the human large intestine?
5. How much time does a E. coli strain persist in our large intestine?
3.- Find the words in the list on the right:
Did you find …………….?
Can you show me where ………?
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Can you help me with ….. ? I can’t find it.
It is in column …. and row .…
4.- A few more activities:
1.- Compare protoctists and monera. Examples:
…live in …, … are autotrophs, but … are …
2.- Draw a bacteria cell and label it: cell wall, cell membrane,
cytoplasm.
3.- Compare bacteria. Complete the chart:
NUTRITION
Parasites
Saprophytes
Symbionts
4.- Compare protoctists and monera. Examples:
…live in… .
… are autotrophs, but … are … .
5.- Describe how each group of protozoa move.
Example: … move using… .
…do not move.
6.- What do algae have in common with plants?
7.- Compare protozoa and algae.
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3.- WHAT ARE VIRUSES?
Viruses are not cells, so they are not really living things. They cannot carry
out any vital functions by themselves. They infect living cells and then can
reproduce. They are always obligate parasites: as a result they cannot live
independently of their host.
3.1.- What is a virus like?
The main characteristics of viruses are:
Extremely small. They can only be seen through an electron microscope.
Unable to move.
Extensive habitat. They are found on the ground, in the air and in the
water.
Parts of a virus
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3.2.- Virus infection process
1.- The virus enters the cell.
2.- Reproduction: viruses use the infected cell for making the viral
components.
3.- Assembly of viral components.
4.- New viruses leave the cell.
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Project: Let’s discuss about viruses
Listen to the following information and try to fill in the blanks with the
words below:
Infectious agent, plants, non-bacterial, ecosystem, virology, virions, DNA,
protein coat, shapes, hundredth, light microscope.
1.- What is a virus?
2.- In groups, discuss with your partner: are viruses living beings?
In my opinion ….
I think that ….
I don´t agree with you because…
After a few minutes we can share our ideas with the rest of the class.
3.- Finally, the same groups can investigate about a few famous viruses,
each group will choose a different one, like: HIV, Influenza, Varicella, etc..
After that, they will make a presentation with their computer with all the
information and photos they have been searching for and present it to the
rest of the class.
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