Download How is the universe both predictable and unpredictable at the same

SUN-EARTH-MOON
NOTES
Earth and celestial phenomena can be described by
principles of relative motion and perspective
VW: Astronomy _________________________________________
_________________________________________
Motion
- The motion of the objects in the solar system is
________________because they happen in
________________.
- The universe both predictable and unpredictable at
the same time.
I. Space
** What is the solar system like?
A. Universe
- Earth is part of the ________________,
which is part of the ________________,
which is part of the ______________.
- ___________, including the Sun, emit their
own heat and light.
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B. Galaxies
The solar system is in the ________________
______________ galaxy. It is a
_____________________ type galaxy.
C. Shape
- Earth, the planets, and the stars are nearly
___________________.
D. Telescopes
Objects that can be seen with the naked eye:
-
-
-
-
Objects only seen with a telescope:
-
-
-
-
II. Sun
**What are the characteristics of the Sun & other stars?
- The Sun is a ________________. It emits
its own light and heat. Moons and planets
only __________________ light.
- The Sun is enormous compared to the Earth but
is really only an ___________ sized star.
- It appears to be the largest star ONLY because it
is the ________________ star to Earth.
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III. Measurement
** How is distance measured in space?
A. Light-years
- Even though it is the closest star to us, it is still
light-years away. Light-years is the
distance _________________ travels in
one ______: 5.88 trillion miles or 9.46
trillion kilometers.
- Measures distance between objects in the
universe. Stars are light-years apart. The
next closest star to us is ______________
light years away.
- The light you see from some stars was really
given off millions of years ago.
B. Astronomical Units
- Measures distance between objects in the solar
system.
- Is the average distance between Earth and the
Sun…. about 150 million kilometers or 93
million miles
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IV. Solar System
** What is the solar system like?
-Our solar system includes the _____________,
eight ________________, their ____________,
dwarf planets, ________________,
_________________, and ________________.
A. VW: ________________ – lumps of rock, ice,
or dust that broke off asteroids and comets and
are moving through space (also called shooting
stars).
B. VW:________________– small bodies of rock
and metal that revolve the sun. The Asteroid Belt
is located between _______________ and
______________________.
C. VW:________________ - small icy bodies that
form a tail as they approach the Sun and are
heated
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D. Planets
- Inner (or __________________________)
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
- Outer (or __________________________)
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
E. VW: Revolution
- The amount of time a planet takes to complete a
single __________ around the Sun.
- The ________________ an object follows
around another object is called its orbit.
- For Earth, one revolution around the sun equals
365.24 days or ________________.
- Revolutions of our planet is in the shape of a
_______________________________.
- The closer a planet is to the sun, the
__________________________ its orbit.
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F. VW: Rotation
- The __________________ motion of Earth
is called rotation.
- The imaginary line that the Earth spins on is
called its _______________.
- The sun appears to rise in the _____________
and set in the ________________because
the Earth spins from _______________ to
________________. Earth’s rotation also
affects how we see the other stars and the
moon.
- The Earth rotates once in 24 hours or the length
of one ________________.
- The length of daylight we see depends on the
____________ and our ____________.
- Latitude and longitude, as well as time, are based
on observations of space.
- Time Zones created because of rotation.
G. Gravitation
- Gravitational pull from the _____________
keeps the planets from flying off in a straight path.
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-The pull of gravity between two objects depends on
the _____________________ of the objects
and the ___________________ between them.
IV. Seasons
** Why do we experience seasons?
- The Earth is tilted slightly on its ______________.
- When the North Pole tilts toward the Sun, the
_______________ Hemisphere experiences
warmer weather.
- The tilt of the axis affects the ________________
the most.
- The Earth is actually closer to the Sun in the winter.
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- The Sun’s rays strike the Earth at a greater angle in the
winter and the Sun appears lower in the sky.
- Therefore, the noon shadow is ________________
in the winter.
** QUIZ ONE**:
Date_____________ , _________ _____
Pages: ________ - _________
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V. Moon
** What affect does the movement of the Moon have?
- Gravitational force pulls the ________________
into orbit around the Earth
- The moon is a natural ________________ because
it orbits around the Earth.
- The moon does not emit any ________________
of its own.
- The light we see from the moon is _____________
sunlight.
- Half of the moon is lighted at all times.
A. Moon Phases
- The differences in appearance of the moon
(called ________________) are due to the
changing relative position of the Earth, Sun,
and Moon.
- The cycle takes 29.5 days – or about one
_________________.
- ________________ = gradually more lighted
- ________________ = gradually less lighted
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B. VW: Eclipse
______________________
__________________________
- Umbra - Total eclipse
- Central, ______________
part of a shadow
- Penumbra - Partial eclipse
- The ___________________
part of a shadow
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1) Solar Eclipse
- The ________________’s light is
blocked by the moon
- They last about __________ minutes
- They don’t happen every month because the
moon’s orbit is _________________
slightly at an angle from Earth’s orbit.
- Don’t Look Directly at the Sun!
solar eclipse
2) Lunar Eclipse
- The ________________ passes through
Earth’s shadow
- You can see a reddish color because the
Earth’s atmosphere _____________
some sunlight onto the Earth’s umbra.
lunar eclipse
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C. VW: Tides are the daily ______________and
_________________ of sea level.
- Are primarily caused by the _____________
___________ of the Moon on the Earth.
- The pull is greater on the liquids of the ocean
- and greater on the side of Earth that is
_______________ the moon.
- The effect of spring tides is ______________
than the effects of neap tides.
- Spring tides happen during the ___________
moon and ____________ moon. Neap
tides happen during __________ moons.
** QUIZ TWO**:
Date_____________ , _________ _____
Pages: ________ - _________
** UNIT TEST**:
Date_____________ , _________ _____
Pages: ________ - _________
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