Download Name_____________________________________________

Name_____________________________________________
Living Environment
Date__________
Period________
Endocrine System
Chemical Regulation
Is the _____________________________and ______________________________ of the various life activities within an
organism using __________________________ _________________________ called ___________________ hormones.
Chemical control in Animals
Special endocrine glands synthesize and secrete hormones via the Endocrine System.
Hormones are…
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hormones control metabolic activities such as ________________________ and _____________________
Metamorphosis
Ex. Catapillar to butterfly, maggot to fly, tadpole to frog
The Human Endocrine System
Hormones:
Gland:
Target Organ:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A gland releases hormones into the blood stream when it is stimulated to do so.
The hormone travels through the blood stream until it reaches the target organ.
The target organ receives the hormone in a special receptor that is specific.
Once the hormone binds, the target organ responds.
Name_____________________________________________
Living Environment
Date__________
Period________
Endocrine System
Hypothalmus: produces ____________________________________ which function to stimulate the pituitary
gland
Pituitary gland- (the _____________________________ ____________________________) located at the base of the
brain. Secretes numerous _______________________ __________________________ including :
a. Growth Stimulating Hormone (_______________)
Thyroid-
Parathyroid-
Name_____________________________________________
Living Environment
Date__________
Period________
It secretes parathyroid hormone, which controls the metabolism of ____________________ and
___________________________________________, which is necessary for proper nerve function, blood clotting
and proper growth _______________________ and ____________________________.
Adrenal Glands-
Two regions
a. Adrenal Cortex (outer portion) secretes two hormones
a. A hormone promotes the conversion of body fat and protein into __________________
b. ____________________: Antidiuretic Hormone A hormone promotes that reabsorption of _____________________________ and __________________________ ions into the
blood stream by the ______________________________.
b. Adrenal Medulla (inner portion)
The adrenal medulla secretes the hormone secretes the hormone ________________________________
epinephrine in times of emergency. The hormone is responsible for Flight or Fight.
Adrenaline
increase
___________________________________________________,
_______________________________ and _____________________________ rates.
and
accelerate
the
Islets of Langerhans of the Pancreas:
Insulin
Glucagon
Ovaries:
a. ____________________________________ which influences the development of female secondary
sex characteristics.
b. ____________________________________ which prepares the uterus for a pregnancy.
Testes:
Name_____________________________________________
Living Environment
Date__________
Period________
Thymus:



The thymus produces the hormone ____________________________________
Thymosine is responsible for the development of _____________________________. T-cells are
essential for the immune system to work properly.
The thymus is present at birth, develops during childhood and then gradually disappears
during adulthood.
Name_____________________________________________
Living Environment
Negative Feedback
Negative Feedback:
Example:
Date__________
Period________
Name_____________________________________________
Living Environment
Date__________
Period________
Malfunctions of the Endocrine System
Goiter: enlargement of the thyroid gland, associated with iodine deficiency in the diet.
Diabetes: inability to store excess glucose as glycogen.
Type 1 Diabetes: insulin deficiency results in high blood sugar levels.
Type 2 Diabetes: lack of insulin receptors on the cells of the liver cause an inability to store
glucose. Obesity and an inactive lifestyle are the known causes.
Comparison of Nervous and Endocrine Systems
Similarities


Both secrete chemicals (neurotransmitters and hormones)
Both play a role in homeostasis\
Differences


Nerve responses are faster
Endocrine responses are of longer duration than nerve responses