* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download sti lab update_ 2015_sk.cdr
Trichinosis wikipedia , lookup
Cross-species transmission wikipedia , lookup
Traveler's diarrhea wikipedia , lookup
Herpes simplex virus wikipedia , lookup
Middle East respiratory syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Surround optical-fiber immunoassay wikipedia , lookup
Gastroenteritis wikipedia , lookup
Sarcocystis wikipedia , lookup
Dirofilaria immitis wikipedia , lookup
Herpes simplex wikipedia , lookup
Neisseria meningitidis wikipedia , lookup
Leptospirosis wikipedia , lookup
Neglected tropical diseases wikipedia , lookup
Cryptosporidiosis wikipedia , lookup
Coccidioidomycosis wikipedia , lookup
Anaerobic infection wikipedia , lookup
African trypanosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Schistosomiasis wikipedia , lookup
Oesophagostomum wikipedia , lookup
Hospital-acquired infection wikipedia , lookup
“Pathology that Adds Value” THE PATHCARE NEWS STI PCR RAPID DETECTION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI'S) Diagnostics is the key to treatment and prevention of STIs due to the identification of infected people. STIs are often asymptomatic or cause non-specific symptoms and are known to increase the infectiousness of HIV. The syndromic management approach misses infections that do not demonstrate clear symptoms. Up to 70% of men and women with gonococcal and/or chlamydial infections may be symptom free. Screening is crucial as it allows the identification of the causative pathogens/co-pathogens and the prescription of appropriate antibiotics. PathCare offers real-time PCR assays for screening and diagnosing STIs with the following benefits: • Multiplex-based: simultaneous detection of several microorganisms (incl. fastidious organisms) with high sensitivity and specificity • Cost effective diagnostics with rapid results • No stringent specimen transport requirements needed PCR requested Specimen type C. trachomatis + N. gonorrhoeae only Urine, urethral/ cervical swabs Extended STI PCR Urine, urethral/ cervical swabs, liquid based cytology specimen Pathogens detected C. trachomatis N. gonorrhoeae T. vaginalis M. genitalium M. hominis U. urealyticum U. parvum PathCare also offers a Genital Ulcer Diseases Screen which includes molecular detection of Herpes simplex virus types 1 + 2, Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid) on swabs/aspirates and serological testing for syphilis. 1. C. trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial agent. In women, it causes cervicitis, urethritis, endometritis and salpingitis. A prolonged infection may result in tubal scarring, infertility and ectopic pregnancies. 2. If left untreated, N. gonorrhoeae infection may develop into vulvovaginitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. 3. As a protozoan parasite, T. vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomoniasis causing vaginitis, cervicitis and urethritis in women. 4. M. genitalium has been recognized as a pathogen of acute & chronic urethritis in males. Also reportedly associated with female cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. 5. M. hominis acts as a pathogen in 5% of upper urinary tracts of patients with acute pyelonephritis, and acts as a co-factor of bacterial vaginosis. 6. U. urealyticum is a reported pathogen of male urethritis and is known to cause infertility by affecting sperm quality.* 7. U. parvum is reportedly associated with chorioamnionitis, fetal morbidity and fetal mortality in pregnant women, but its role as an STI pathogen is unclear.* *The discrimination of U. urealyticum + U. parvum is important because unnecessary treatment might be carried out if U. parvum (most of which are colonized as commensals) is mistakenly considered to be U. urealyticum. This PCR is useful for discriminating between these species. References: 1. World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research. Global incidence and prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections—2008. Geneva: WHO; 2012. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/75181/1/9789241503839_eng.pdf 2. Y. Kim et al. Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among healthy Korean women: Implications of multiplex PCR pathogen detection on antibiotic therapy. J Infect Chemother 20 (2014) 74e76 Compiled by: Dr Catherine Samuel, Clinical Microbiologist, PathCare Tel: 021 596 3400 January 2015 3. H.-S. Choe et al. Performance of AnyplexTM II multiplex real-time PCR for the diagnosis of seven sexually transmitted infections: comparison with currently available methods. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 17 (2013) e1134–e1140 [email protected] www.pathcare.co.za