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Genetic Variation Genetic variation is the key to optimizing the human species through the health of individuals. What? Definition of genetic variation: “Variations of genomes between members of species, or between groups of species thriving in different parts of the world as a result of genetic mutation” (Biology Online). Simply, it is how one’s DNA differs from that of everyone else around them. How? • Genetic variation is achieved through a process called chromosomal crossover, or simply crossing over. • Definition of crossing over: “A process occurring during meiosis wherein homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of their genetic material" (Biology Online). Since DNA is what instructs one’s body to develop, variation in the genes that make it up tell the body exactly how to do that. Genetic variation is the reason that our physical characteristics are so different from those around us, be it eye color, skin tone, hair color, etc. • During this process, a new form of a gene is created, and this gene is what tells one to have certain characteristics. It also effects attributes you have but can’t see. Genetic variation is responsible for the differences in our DNA that make us more or less susceptible to diseases. • Crossing over makes the combinations of different alleles possible, therefore making way for variation in the genome. Why? To combat genetic disease • If the genomes of two parents are drastically different, there is naturally a lower probability of those two parents creating a child that has a genetic disease. This is due to the fact that most genetic diseases are recessive, meaning that both parents must carry the recessive trait in order for the child to develop the disease. To combat communicable disease • Some DNA variations are responsible for making us more or less susceptible to disease. Some people simply don’t get sick as often as others, and this is due to DNA in the immune system the decides its strength. Conclusion: Genetic variation not only plays a key role in the development of humans looking different, but also in the functionality of us as individuals. Low genetic variation results in less ability to fight disease, and if that variation is so low as to have the breeding of close relatives, that will also result in low survival rates and high rates of birth defects. Our health is almost entirely dependent of our genes, and these genes pre decide how we will perform in life. Having high amounts of genetic variation in one’s DNA is the key to optimizing the health of all human beings. Inbreeding is bad for everyone • The effects of inbreeding directly represent the effects of low genetic variation. Inbreeding is the phenomenon of close relatives copulate. Since close relatives have DNA that is very similar to one another’s crossing over would look very monotone and create a variety of health problems for any resulting offspring. These effects worsen when the act is repeated through generations. Survival of the fittest • The helpful traits that we gain from having a lot of genetic variation each help us adapt to our environments a little more. The more welladapted to our environments we are, the more likely we are to survive as individuals; and the more likely we are to survive as individuals, the more likely we are to survive as a species. www.postersession.com Works Cited "Chromosomal Crossover." Chromosomal Crossover - Biology-Online Dictionary. Biology Online, n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2017. Crossing Over. Digital image. Pearson. Pearson Education, Inc., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2017. "Genetic Variation." Genetic Variation - Biology-Online Dictionary. Biology Online, 2005. Web. 23 Apr. 2017. Mothersbaugh, Leah Rhian. "Eye Color Genetics." Eye Color Genetics. Movable Type, 1 Oct. 2012. Web. 23 Apr. 2017. Schoeller, Mrtin. Genetic Variability in Faces. Digital image. National Geographic. National Geographic Partners, 15 Sept. 2014. Web. 23 Apr. 2017. www.postersession.com