Download Cell Growth and Reproduction Vocabulary Worksheet 3

Cell Growth and Reproduction Vocabulary Worksheet 3 Answers
Student Name: ____________________________________
Teacher Name: Richard Eckert
Date: __________
Score: __________
Define these terms:
Amino Acids This is a molecule that contains both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. They are the
building blocks of protein.
Codon This is a 3 letter sequence of DNA or messenger RNA code that stands for one amino acid in a
protein.
MRNA This is one form of RNA that that serves as a template for protein synthesis. It is transcribed from
DNA and then translated at ribosomes to produce a protein.
Transcription This is the process of copying DNA to RNA.
Translation This is the second step of production of proteins where mRNA is decoded to produce a specific
polypeptide.
Match the term on the left with its definition on the right:
A Adenine
A. This bonds to thymine (T) in DNA.
E DNA
B. This is the process by which information from a gene is used in the
synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins.
K DNA Sequencing
C. This is the only part of a DNA/RNA nucleotide that changes. It is found
along with the 5-carbon sugar and the phosphate group.
N Gene
D. A single stranded nucleic acid that plays a role in protein synthesis.
B Gene Expression
E.
This holds an organisms hereditary information.
L
Genetic Variation
F.
A specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
C
Nitrogenous Base
G. This is the copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA.
M Nucleic Acid
H. This is a two-part process that ends in the assembly of proteins at the
ribosomes within cells. The first part, transcription, begins in the nucleus,
when the DNA code is transferred to mRNA. The second part, translation,
takes place at the ribosomes, where both mRNA and tRNA work to
assemble proteins.
P
I. This is one form of RNA that transports a specific amino acid to a ribosome
during protein synthesis.
Nucleotide
H Protein Synthesis
J. This is the nitrogenous base only found in RNA.
G Replication
K. This is a biochemical process used for determining the order of the
nucleotide bases, adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, in any DNA
molecule. By comparing the DNA sequence of two organisms, scientists
can see if the organisms are related or not, as well as how closely they
are related.
O Ribosome
L.
D RNA
M. This is a macromolecule that holds cell information in a coded form. Made
of sugar, phosphate and nitrogen-containing bases.
F
N. This is a segment of DNA on the chromosome that is coded for a
particular trait.
Trait
This is one result of gamete formation through meiosis and fertilization
during sexual reproduction that promotes biodiversity within a species.
I TRNA
O.
This organelle synthesizes proteins.
J Uracil
P.
This is the repeating structural unit that forms RNA and DNA.