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HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM • Cardiac Muscle cells contract as a unit – Designed to conduct electrical signals • SA (Sinoatrial) Node (pacemaker)- - located in wall of Rt Atrium generates an electrical impulse that spreads out over both atria. • Both atria contract (syncytium) and stimulate the AV (atrioventricular) node to send an impulse. • AV (atrioventricular) node– located in the wall of the interatrial septum. – sends a signal down the A-V Bundle ( bundle of His) (interventricular septum). • A-V Bundle ( bundle of His) branches into (Purkinje Fibers) that spread out over the ventricles and stimulate simultaneous contraction (vent. syncytium). CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM ANATOMY VIDEO MEDLINEPLUS HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=BXKBQQE_BO0 • When Problems start to arise….. • SA Node – stimulates contraction at a rate of 60-100 beats/minute – *If the SA Node fails, the AV Node can take over • AV Node – stimulates contraction at a rate of 40-60 beats/minute – *If the AV Node fails, the Purkinje Fibers can take over • Purkinje fibers – stimulate contraction at a rate of 15-40 beats/minute NEED FOR THE ARTIFICIAL PACEMAKER….. GETTING A PACEMAKER SURGERY HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=WNN4FW2EWXI EKG/ECG • Electrocardiogram – records electrical impulses of the myocardium • SA Node – triggers impulse – atrial depolarization (PWave) • Ventricular depolarization – (QRS complex) – atrial repolarization occurs at the same time – but it is smaller than the QRS deflection and is not seen • Ventricular repolarization – (T wave) • Cardiac conduction system and relation to EKG http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3b-YhZmQu8 CARDIAC RATE • Tachycardia – increased heart rate (greater than 100 BPM) • Bradycardia – decreased heart rate (less than 60 BPM) • Flutter – very rapid HR (250-300 BPM) • Fibrillation – rapid, uncoordinated heart actions