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Download List of Academic Vocabulary Terms absolute phrase adjective
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List of Academic Vocabulary Terms absolute phrase adjective clause adjective phrase adverb clause adverb phrase An absolute phrase combines a noun and a participle with any accompanying modifiers or objects. An adjective clause is a subordinate clause used to modify a noun or a pronoun in the main clause. It may be introduced by the pronouns who, whose, whom, which, or that (and sometimes when or where). is a group of words that describe a noun or pronoun in a sentence. The adjective phrase can be placed before, or after, the noun or pronoun in the sentence. An adverb clause is a subordinate clause used to modify a verb, adjective, or adverb in the main clause. Every adverb clause is introduced by a subordinating conjunction. An adverb clause tells when, where, why, how, to what extent, or how much about the word it modifies. An adverb phrase is simply two or more words that act as an adverb. It can modify a verb, adverb, or adjective and can tell “how”, “where”, “why”, or “when.” A basic word to which affixes (prefixes and suffixes) are added is called a root word because it forms the basis of a new word. Affixes (prefixes and suffixes) affix allegory alliteration allusion anecdote a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. the repetition of the same or very similar consonant sounds in words that are close together reference to a famous biblical, mythological, or literary person or event a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. annotate verb: to add notes or comments to (a text, book, drawing, etc.) antagonist the character in a work of literature that opposes the protagonist the word that this pronoun refers to or replaces. antecedent appositive phrase archetype argumentative author’s craft An appositive (single word, phrase, or clause) renames another noun, not technically modifying it. a recurrent symbol or motif in literature, art, or mythology. given to expressing divergent or opposite views. a skilled author uses tools and techniques of language and storytelling to craft a piece of writing bias bibliography central idea character trait characterization cite claim clause climax collaboration colon conflict connotation conventions coordinate conjunction counterclaim credibility denotation dialogue diction direct object a tendency to believe that some people, ideas, etc., are better than others that usually results in treating some people unfairly A list of the written sources of information on a subject. Bibliographies generally appear as a list at the end of a book or article. They may show what works the author used in writing the article or book, or they may list works that a reader might find useful. are all the aspects of a person's behavior and attitudes that make up that person's personality is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character. Characterization is revealed through direct characterization and indirect characterization. to quote (a passage, book, author, etc.) state or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof. An assertion of the truth of something, typically one that is disputed or in doubt. is a group of related words containing a subject and a verb the most important event or exciting part the action of working with someone to produce or create something. (:) is a punctuation mark consisting of two equally sized dots centered on the same vertical line. A colon is used to explain or start an list. a struggle or clash between opposing characters or forces is an implied additional meaning of a word. include spelling, punctuation, capitalization, grammar, and paragraphing Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, and clauses. (FANBOYS) an argument against your position or point of view the quality of being believed or accepted as true, real, or honest. is the basic, most specific meaning of a word. the things that are said by the characters in a story, movie, play, etc. the selection of words – A direct object will follow a transitive verb [a type of action verb]. Direct objects can be nouns, pronouns, phrases, or clauses. If you can identify the subject and verb in a sentence, then finding the direct object—if one exists—is easy. Just remember this simple formula: subject + verb + what? or who? = direct object dynamic character experience changes throughout the plot of a story. Although the change may be sudden, it is expected based on the story’s events. edit to prepare (something written) to be published or used : to make changes, correct mistakes, etc., in (something written). elaborate etymology expository involving many carefully arranged parts or details the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning. Expository writing is a type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform. refers to a comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem. extended metaphor figurative language first person POV flashback fluency foreshadowing genre gerund phrase hyperbole idiom imagery indirect object infer infinitive phrase informational text intransitive irony can be found in literature and poetry where the writing appeals to the senses. It can do this by giving a word with a specific meaning, by comparing two things in such a way that you find the comparison interesting or by using words that have unusual constructions or sounds involves the use of either of the two pronouns “I” and “we”. a scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story the ability to express oneself easily and articulately. the use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot a category of literary work, such as poetry, biography, or drama A gerund phrase is just a noun phrase with a gerund as its beginning. *A gerund is a noun formed from a verb, it is formed from the verb's -ing form exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally. figurative meaning is different from the literal meaning (It is raining cats and dogs). means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. precedes the direct object and tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done and who is receiving the direct object. There must be a direct object to have an indirect object. deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements. An infinitive is the simple present form of a verb used as either a noun, adjective, or adverb. The verb of the infinitive is normally preceded by the word to. When the infinitive follows some verbs as the direct object, the to may be dropped. An infinitive phrase is the infinitive plus any complements and any modifiers of the infinitive and complements. is nonfiction writing, written with the intention of informing the reader about a specific topic. does not allow an object the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. metaphor an imaginative comparison between two unlike things in which one thing is said to be another thing MLA is the style recommended by the Modern Language Association for preparing scholarly manuscripts and student research papers. It concerns itself with the mechanics of writing, such as punctuation, quotation, and documentation of sources. are techniques a person can use to help them improve their ability to remember something. In other words, it's a memory technique to help your brain better encode and recall important information. mnemonic device mood noun clause object of the preposition onomatopoeia oxymoron parallel structure paraphrase participial phrase personal pronouns personification plagiarism plot predicate noun/Nominative feeling the author creates A noun clause is a clause that plays the role of a noun The object of a preposition is the noun or pronoun governed by a preposition. the use of words whose sounds echo their sense (boom pow zap) a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction (Jumbo Shrimp, Hot Chili ). means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance…Ex… Mary likes to hike, to swim, and to ride a bicycle. express the meaning of (the writer or speaker or something written or spoken) using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity. (A rewording of something written or spoken by someone else.) A participial phrase has a past or present participle as its head. Participial phrases always function as adjectives. represent specific people or things a figure of speech in which a nonhuman or nonliving thing or quality is talked about as if it were human or alive an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without authorization and the representation of that author's work as one's own, as by not crediting the original author: the arrangement of the action and events of the story follows a linking verb and renames the subject of the sentence or clause. A prepositional phrase is phrase that starts with a preposition and ends with noun (or a pronoun). prepositional phrase primary source pronoun case is a document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time period and offer an inside view of a particular event. according to their function in the sentence. Their function can be: subjective (they act as the subject) objective (they act as the object) possessive (they show possession of something else) prose protagonist quote relevant revise rhyme scheme written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure the leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text. to repeat (a passage, phrase, etc.) from a book, speech, or the like, as by way of authority, illustration, etc. to repeat words from (a book, author, etc.). to use a brief excerpt from: The composer quotes Beethoven's Fifth in his latest work. to cite, offer, or bring forward as evidence or support. to enclose (words) within quotation marks. closely connected or appropriate to the matter at hand a proof including corrections made in an earlier proof. is the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem or song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme; lines designated with the same letter all rhyme with each other. root The English language has its roots in languages like Greek and Latin. An understanding of the common root words will help us make educated guesses about the meaning of new words and substantially strengthen our vocabulary. satire the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. secondary source are documents written after an event has occurred, providing secondhand accounts of that event, person, or topic. Unlike primary sources, which provide first-hand accounts, secondary sources offer different perspectives, analysis, and conclusions of those accounts. semicolon setting simile static character subordinate conjunction summarize symbol (;) is a punctuation mark that separates major sentence elements. A semicolon can be used between two closely related independent clauses, provided they are not already joined by a coordinating conjunction. the time and location of the story a phrase that uses the words like or as to describe someone or something by comparing it with someone or something else that is similar do not experience basic character changes during the course of the story. is used to link a subordinate clause (also known as a dependent clause) to the main clause (also known as an independent clause). “identify key elements and condense important information into their your words during and after reading to solidify meaning.” something used for or regarded as representing something else; a material object representing something, often something immaterial; emblem, token, or sign. syntax synthesize textual evidence theme thesis statement third person limited POV third person objective third person omniscient tone understatement universal theme the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. involves combining ideas and allowing an evolving understanding of text. is evidence/support used to support an argument/position, and is derived from reading and drawing from other text A theme can be described as the central idea found within a story or passage. It can also represent a message or lesson the author wants to convey. usually appears near the end of the introductory paragraph of a paper, and it offers a concise summary of the main point or claim of the essay, research paper, etc. A thesis statement is usually one sentence that appears at the end of the first paragraph, though it may occur as more than one.[1] The thesis statement is developed, supported, and explained in the course of the paper by means of examples and evidence. the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character. the narrator reports the facts of a narrator as a seemingly neutral and impersonal outside observer the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story the voice we hear in it and its implied attitude toward the subject the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is When a theme is relatable by a wide range of readers, we call this a universal theme Verbals occur when a verb form that functions in a sentence as a noun or a modifier rather than as a verb. verbal voice works cited Verbals include infinitives, gerunds (also known as -ing forms), and participles (also known as -ing forms and -en forms). See below for definitions and examples. is the distinct personality, style, or point of view of a piece of writing or any other creative work is sometimes referred to as References. The terms mean the same thing. Each is an alphabetical list of works cited, or works to which you have made reference.