Download Pifer.weebly.com – Physical Science page Types of Energy Chapter

Pifer.weebly.com – Physical Science page
Types of Energy
Chapter: What is Energy?
1. Energy is the __________________ or __________________ to make things happen.
2. Scientists define ENERGY as the ability to do _________________
3. Energy can not be _______________________ or destroyed, however, it can be stored
or ____________________ from place to place, or object to object in different ways.
Chapter: Kinetic Energy
1. Kinetic Energy is energy possessed by an object due to its ________________ or
movement.
2. Heavier things have ( more / less ) kinetic energy than lighter things.
3. A __________________________ dam uses the kinetic energy of fast flowing water to
produce electricity.
4. The dam blocks and holds up the water behind it. That (increases / decreases ) the
potential energy
5. When the water is released it rushes through ________________ and turns
________________ connected to the ends of tubes. Those spinning blades are
connected to a __________________ which generates electricity. A
___________________________ supplies the electricity to our homes
Chapter: Gravitational Energy
Gravitational energy is only stored in the _________________________ of the object.
2. As the ball is thrown upwards it has (higher, lower) gravitational energy. As the ball falls
down, it has (higher, lower) gravitational energy. When the bag hits the ground,
kinetic energy is converted into ________________ and _________________ by the
impact.
Fill in the Blanks
Play until you get 3 coins. Have your shoulder partner check here when you do: ______
Another Millionaire Game:
Play until you get $1,000,000. Have your shoulder partner check here when you do: _____
Energy Speed Match
Play until you can match all squares in less than 3 minutes. Check here: ______
Mechanical Energy:
‘Work’ is done when a _________________ acts on an object to cause it to
________________, change _______________, displace, or do something
_____________________.
Mechanic Energy is energy in an object due to its ______________ or
_______________________________, or both.
(Potential energy is energy that is stored – not in motion)
In order for work to be done, an object has to supply a _________ for another object to be
________________ (moved from its place)
Does the hammer have more potential energy when it is resting on the ground or when it is
raised above his head? _______________
At what point did the potential energy change to kinetic energy?
The hammer used both ______________________ and _____________________ energy
to drive in the nail. Mechanical energy results in __________________ done.
Sound Energy
Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to
______________________— the energy is transferred through the substance in a
___________________.
Sound energy is usually measured by its' ______________ and
__________________________.
Do all people have the same threshold of pain? __________
Thermal Energy
Thermal energy is energy that comes from _________________.
What holds more thermal energy: a cup of hot tea, or a cool swimming pool? __________
Conduction: When a substance is heated, its' particles gain energy and
____________________ more vigorously. The particles _______________________ into
nearby particles and make them vibrate more. The particles pass the thermal energy
through the substance by ______________________________, from the hot end to the
cold end.
Substances that allow thermal energy to move easily through them are called
_________________________. _______________________ are good conductors of
thermal energy. Substances that do not allow thermal energy to move through them easily
are called _____________________. _________________ and plastics are insulators.
Convection: When particles in liquids and gases get warm, they become less
________________, and they rise. The space is quickly replaced by
___________________ particles that are less dense.
Radiation: All objects transfer thermal energy by __________________ radiation. The
_______________________an object is, the more infra-red radiation it gives off.
Which one of the 3 types of thermal energy can work in space? _____________________
Chemical Energy
Chemical Energy is energy stored in the _________________ of chemical compounds
(_______________ and molecules). It is released in a ______________________ reaction
Give 4 examples of stored chemical energy: ___________________, ________________,
__________________________ & _______________________
The chemical energy stored in food is measured in kilocalories or ____________________
How is the stored chemical energy of coal released to produce electricity? _____________
Electrical Energy
Matter is made up of _______________. In these atoms, there are some even small stuff
called ____________________________that are constantly moving.
We generate electrical energy when we succeed to cause the these electrons to move from
one atom to the other, with the use of _______________________ forces .
Video: Electrical energy is transferred to _____________ energy and __________ energy
What is one example of electrical energy that does not need a wire? _________________
Radiant Energy
Radiant energy is energy of electromagnetic _______________________. It is a form of
energy that can travel through _____________________.
When radiant energy comes into contact with ___________________, it changes the
properties of that matter. For example, when micro-waves set off in a microwave oven, the
water molecules in the food are charged and caused to ___________________ billions of
times per second, generating heat, that causes the food to cook. The microwave oven
works with the concept of radiant energy
Energy Stored
Energy can also be stored in many other ways. Batteries, _______________, natural gas,
____________________, water towers, a wound up alarm ________________, a Thermos
with hot water and even ___________________ are all stores of energy. They can be
transferred into other kinds of energy
Energy Transfer
A: The sun transfers thermal (heat) energy to ______________, ___________________
and animals.
B: Rivers, streams, and _________________ are a source of ________________ energy
C: When humans eat plants, their stored energy is transferred to us and we use the energy
to do ___________________
D; The sun transfers heat energy to bodies of water. The warm water heats the ________
above it. The warm air rises, so the air now is moving so it has _______________ energy.
E: The moving air turns the blades to generate __________________________ energy.
F: Energy from the sun is captured and then transferred to __________________ energy.
Energy Dissipation
As the pool ball is hit, the kinetic energy (increases, decreases) as it moves along.
What happened to the kinetic energy? Kinetic energy has been dissipated through
__________________________.
Renewable Energy
Energy that will never run out is _________________________________ energy. Energy
that will run out one day is called _______________________________________ energy.
Being renewable energy will not run out. It is sometimes called _______________ Energy.
According to the Global Renewable Energy Usage graph, (developed, developing) countries
invest more in renewable energy.
When can energy be called 'Renewable'?



When it’s source cannot run out or be easily ______________________________
When their sources are _____________________ neutral
When they do not ___________________________ the environment
Renewable energy can be converted to _____________________________, which is
stored and transported to our homes for use.
Biomass
Biomass fuels come from things that once ______________________: wood products,
dried ____________________, crop residues, aquatic plants and even ______________ .
Just as with the fossil fuels, the energy stored in biomass fuels came originally from the
_______________________________.
Burning biomass matter, releases stored chemical energy in the form of heat, which can be
used to turn shafts to produce __________________________. How?...
1. Energy from the _____________ is transferred and stored in ______________.
2. The dead plant material is burned to heat water . It releases _______________ energy
(steam).
3. The energy/power from the steam is directed to _____________________ with pipes
4. The steam turns a number of ______________________ in the turbine and generators,
which are made of coils and ________________________.
5. The charged magnetic fields produce _________________, which is sent to homes by
_______________________.
Besides burning, biomass can produce electricity through decomposing. Things that can
rot, like ________________________, human and animal _______________, dead animals
and the like can be left to _________, This releases a gas called biogas (also known as
____________________ gas). That gas can then be captured by a machine and converted
into electricity.
Also, crops with a lot of sugars, like _______________ and sugarcane, can ferment and
produce ______________________.
Wind Energy
Wind is caused when heat energy from the ________________ drives huge convection
currents in the Earth’s ______________________________
Heated air is lighter and it _______________. So in the daytime, warm air rises over
_______________, and at nighttime, warm air rises over ________________.
This wind, or moving air, has huge amounts of _______________________ energy which
can be ______________________ into electrical energy using wind _________________
Where do they usually place wind turbines? ___________________
True or False: Wind energy turbines is a fairly new idea. _______
How long are the blades of the largest wind turbine in the world? ____________________
How many homes can be powered through just one wind turbine? __________
Hydro (water) Power
Dams produce electricity as water rushes through the ___________________. The kinetic
(moving) energy turns electricity _______________________________.
The best place to build a dam is where there are _________________________ and
_______________________ that flow all year long so that the most kinetic energy is
available.
What country is the largest producer of hydroelectricity?
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal technology takes advantage of the _______________ close-to-earth-surface
temperatures to generate power.
Geothermal energy is called a renewable energy source because the water is replenished
by _____________________, and the __________ is continuously produced by the earth.
Solar Energy
Solar energy comes from the ___________ & without it there would be no _____________
True or False: Solar energy is always available to be used to make electricity. ________
Solar cells convert ______________________energy directly into electrical energy. Solar
panels heat up _____________________.
Where are solar panels most often located? ___________________________________
Non Renewable Energy
Non-renewable energy is energy from _____________ __________ (coal, crude oil, natural
gas) and uranium. Fossil fuels are mainly made up of __________________
How did fossil fuels form?
 Long ago dead sea organisms settled on the ______________ floor and in porous
rocks (rocks with tiny holes in them). These organic matter had stored
_____________________ in them.
 Over time, these dead sea organisms were covered with sand, _______________,
and rock, trapping it’s energy. That formed pockets of coal, _____________, &
natural gas.

Spaces were created by the earth’s _________________ and rock shifts causing the
energy types to collect into well-defined areas. Engineers use
__________________________ to drill down & tap into the stored energy, which we
call ___________________oil.
A good thing about using fossil fuels is that it is _____________________. A bad thing is
that burning fossil fuels causes air, _____________, and land ____________________
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Power Check:
1. What’s one of the newest energy sources? __________! Bacteria breaks it down to
produce ___________________ gas, which is burned to create electricity
2. What uses the most energy in your home? ____________________________
3. Circle the true statement:
A screen saver saves energy
A screen saver wastes energy
A screen saver makes no difference in energy use
4. Why is there a stinky smell when you turn on a gas stove? Circle the correct answer:
It is the smell of the gasoline
It is the smell of the food particles burning that have been dropped onto the stove
The gas company puts that in on purpose so you can smell when there’s a leak
Fill In the Blanks: Play until you get 3 coins. Check here when you do: __________
Quiz Show: Play until you get them all right. Check here when you do: _________
Create a Roller Coaster:
What drives the roller coaster is the conversion of ____________________ energy to
_______________________ energy.
Circle which is faster:
Wooden roller coaster
Steel Roller coaster
Click on “Design a Roller Coaster”
Read the information, make your choices, and create your roller coaster. When done,
check out your safety inspection. Go back and try your coaster design again until you get a
successful fun, but safe, roller coaster.
Create another coaster: Design a roller coaster that is both fun and safe
Now you may do any of the other fun activities on the Energy page.