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Name
Date
`Period
SG Cell Structure and Function
LESSON 1
Cells and Life
247 points total
Directions: Explain why each statement below is incorrect according to the cell
theory. (10 points)
(50 points this side)
Directions: Answer each question using a complete sentence
6. Cell theory is just a theory, so it is not scientific fact.
1. After each name, describe the role of each scientist in the development
of the cell theory.
On the line before each name, write the approximate year. (15 points)
7. A one-celled organism is not a living thing.
________Robert Hooke
8. The smallest living unit is the atom.
________Anton van Leeuvenhoek
9. Viruses are not cells, but they are alive.
________Matthais Schleiden
10. Plants do not come from cells; they come from seeds.
________Theodor Schwann
Macromolecule
Nucleic acids
A.
Contains
genetic
information
B.
long chains of
amino acid
molecules
Lipids
C.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
D.
long chains of sugar
molecules
________Rudolph Virchow
2. What are the three parts of the original cell theory? (6 points)
3. What role does water play in cell survival? (5 points)
4. Identify and describe the four types of macromolecules
in cells by completing the table. (14 points)
Role in Cell
Description
a.
b.
c.
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 1
Name
LESSON 2
Date
The Cell
(26 points)
Key Concept What do the structures in a cell do?
Key Concept How are prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells similar, and
how are they different?
Directions: Complete the paragraphs by choosing terms from the word bank and writing
them in the correct spaces. Terms may be used only once.
bacteria
cell parts
membrane
membrane-surrounded
protists
size
`Period
eukaryotic
genetic
organelles prokaryotes
specialized
Directions: Write the correct organelle or cell structure on the lines provided.
Common to plant cells:
1. What is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane?
2. In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?
3. Which organelles store food, water, and waste material?
unicellular
Common to plant and animal cells:
3. What is a flexible barrier that protects the inside of a cell?
A defining feature of a prokaryotic cell is that the (1.)
material is not surrounded by a(n) (2.)
.
Another characteristic of prokaryotic cells is that they do not have all the (3.)
found in eukaryotic cells. Most
5. What is the fluid that fills the inside of the cell?
prokaryotic cells are one-celled, or (4.)
organisms and are called (5.)
4. What are short, hairlike structures that help move a cell?
7. What gives framework to a cell and helps it move?
.
Another word for prokaryotes is (6.)
.
Common to all eukaryotic cells (plants, animals, fungi,
and protists):
8. Which organelle contains genetic information and controls the cell?
Eukaryotic cells make up plants, animals, fungi, and (7.)
These organisms are called (8.)
. Almost all
eukaryotic cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus. Another
9. In which organelle are proteins made?
10. What removes harmful substances for a cell?
characteristic of eukaryotic cells is other (9.)
components, called (10.)
, which have
(11.)
functions.
11. Which organelle releases energy in a cell?
Another difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is their
12. Which organelle prepares proteins for specific jobs?
(12.)
13. Which organelle carries substances to other parts of a cell?
than prokaryotic cells.
. Eukaryotic cells are usually larger
14. Which vacuole-like structures break down and recycle cell parts
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 2
Name
The Cell
Date
(20 points)
Key Concept What do the structures in a cell do?
Directions: Describe the structure and function of each organelle. Add as much
information as possible for each structure. (11 points)
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
`Period
Directions: Use the clues and the terms listed below to complete the puzzle. NOTE:
There is no empty square in the puzzle between the words of two-word terms.
cell membrane cell wall
cytoskeleton
chloroplast
envelope function nucleus
cytoplasm
organelle
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplast
Across
4. organelle that contains DNA
6. a flexible covering that surrounds a cell
7. fluid inside the cell that contains salts
and other molecules
8. a membrane-surrounded component
within a cell
9. the action for which something is used
Down
1. stiff structure outside the
cell membrane
2. an outer covering
3. a network of threadlike
proteins within a cell
5. organelle that conducts
photosynthesis
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 3
Name
Date
`Period
Label each kind of cell
Label the parts of the cells (25
points)
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 4
Name
Date
LESSON 3
Moving Cellular Material
30 points
`Period
Directions: Answer each question on the lines provided. Use complete sentences.
(18 points)
Key Concept How do materials enter and leave cells? (12 points)
Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank
that correctly completes each sentence. Each term is used
only once.
1. the movement of substances from an
area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
2. transport proteins that carry large
molecules, such as sugar molecules,
through a cell membrane
3. the state a substance is in when the
concentration of the substance is the
same on both sides of a cell
membrane
4. when a cell takes in a substance by
surrounding it with the cell
membrane
5. the diffusion of water molecules only
6. when molecules pass through a cell
1. What is active transport?
A. semipermeable
B. passive transport
C. diffusion
D. equilibrium
2. What is endocytosis?
E. osmosis
F. facilitated diffusion
G. transport proteins
3. What is exocytosis?
H. carrier proteins
I. channel proteins
J. active transport
K. endocytosis
4. How does a cell use endocytosis to form a vesicle?
L. exocytosis
membrane using special proteins
7. transport proteins that form pores
through a cell membrane
8. the movement of substances through a cell membrane by
5. How does a cell use exocytosis to release the contents of a vesicle
outside the cell?
using the cell’s energy
9. proteins that assist with the transport of molecules through a
cell membrane
10. when a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside the cell
6. What role does cellular energy play in active transport?
11. what a cell membrane is because it allows only certain
substances to enter or leave a cell
12. the movement of substances through a cell membrane without
using the cell’s energy
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 5
Name
LESSON 4
Date
Cells and Energy (14 points)
Directions: Use your textbook to answer each question or respond to each statement.
`Period
26 points
Cells and Life
Key Concept What basic substances make up a cell? (12 points)
Directions: Use the clues and the terms listed below to complete the puzzle.
1. What is cellular respiration?
carbohydrates
cellulose
cholesterol
DNA
energy lipids
macromolecules
nucleic acids
nucleotides
proteins
RNA
water
2. In which two parts of the cell does cellular respiration occur?
3. How is fermentation similar to cellular respiration?
4. How is fermentation different from cellular respiration?
5. What is photosynthesis?
6. Identify the following chemical reactions:
a. 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
b. C6H12O6 → ATP (energy) + lactic acid
c. C6H12O6 → 6O2 + 6H2O + ATP (energy)
d. C6H12O6 → ATP (energy) + CO2 + alcohol
Across
4. large molecules that form when
Smaller molecules join
provides support in plant cell walls
form cell membranes
used to make proteins
main ingredient in any cell
join to form nucleic acids
one type of lipid
5.
6.
8.
10.
11.
12.
Down
1. long chains of sugar
molecules
2. long chains of amino acid
molecules
3. contain genetic material
7. includes instructions that
enable cells to grow
9. released through chemical
reactions
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 6
Name
Date
Modeling Cells
`Period
(25 points)
Describe how a model is used in science.
The figure shows a city that is a model for a cell.
Study the figure and use it to fill in the table and answer the question.
#
Function
Analogous cell part(s)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Does “Cell City” represent a plant cell or an animal cell?
Explain your answer.
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 7
Name
Cell Structure and Function
Date
(45 points)
Directions: Write the correct answer to each question. (10 points)
`Period
13. Judge whether scientists would have been able to develop cell theory
without a microscope. (5 points)
1. Which is the function of a lipid molecule?
14. Analyze the way the products of cellular respiration and photosynthesis
2. What is the difference between a cell wall and a cell membrane?
3. Which substance moves by osmosis?
4. Which item is a stiff structure found outside the cell membrane of some cells?
are related. (5 points)
15. State why a plant deprived of light would die, despite having water and
fertile soil. (5 points)
Completion
Directions: On each line, write the term that correctly completes each sentence.
5. Food, water, and waste materials are stored in a cell’s ________.
6. A cell’s activities are directed by the ____________.
7. The
is semipermeable, which means
that only some substances can cross it.
8.
Directions: Use complete sentences to respond to each statement.
16. Hypothesize whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells evolved first.
Use details about the structure of each cell type to support your
hypothesis. (5 points)
________ is the movement of substances into cells by surrounding
them with the cell membrane.
9. Cellular energy is needed to carry out
transport.
10.
Concept Application
______________ is the movement of substances using
17. The surface area of a cell’s membrane restricts how large the cell
can grow. Propose one way that a cell membrane could be modified
to allow a cell to grow larger than it normally would. Explain how
this modification would facilitate the transport of greater amounts of
substances across the cell membrane. (5 points)
transport proteins.
11. Compose a sentence explaining the role of chloroplasts in photosynthesis
(5 points)
12. Relate the way animals get the energy that plants store during
photosynthesis. (5 points)
Core Curriculum: STANDARD III: Students will understand that the organs in an organism are made of cells that have structures and perform specific life functions.
Page 8