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Download IN THE CENTRE OF THE SUN IT ABOUT 15 MILLION DEGREES
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In The Centre of the Sun it about 15 million deGrees but on the surface it is 6,000 deGrees. The Suns rotation is approximately 27 days. How was the Sun Made ? Scientists believe an explosion , called the Big Bang created the universe 13 million years ago. It created new substances two gases called hydrogen and helium. Stars most likely began as clouds together to form thicker and thicker clumps. These formed young stars which began to heat up. Pictures Here are some pictures of the Sun! The Sun is the centre of the solar system. It is almost spherical and consists of hot plasma with magnetic fields. The Sun or Sol, is the star at the centre of our solar system and is responsible for the Earth’s climate and weather. The Sun is almost perfect sphere with a difference of just 10km in diameter between poles and the equator. The arrange radius of the Sun 695,508 km (109. 2x that of the Earth) of which 20-25% is the core. The Sun is the star at the centre of the solar system. It is almost spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields. It has a diameter of about 1,392,684 km, around 109 times that of the Earth. Mercury is the closest planet to the sun. Mercury is not very close to the sun since it is 36 million miles, or 58 million kilometres away from the Sun. Like other planets Mercury orbits round the Sun it orbits round the Sun every 88 days. Mercury Mercury has a small magnetic field strength of 1%. Mercury is hot because it is very close to the sun. The planet Mercury spins around really slowly. This means parts of Mercury are exposed to the Sun’s heat for long periods of time. • Venus in ultra-violet light • There are strong (350 kph) winds at the cloud tops but winds at the surface are very slow, no more than a few kilometres per hour. • Venus probably once had large amounts of water like Earth but it all boiled away. Venus is now quite dry. Earth would have suffered the same fate had it been just a little closer to the Sun. We may learn a lot about Earth by learning why the basically similar Venus turned out so differently. • • Most of Venus' surface consists of gently rolling plains with little relief. There are also several broad depressions: Atalanta Planitia, Guinevere Planitia, Lavinia Planitia. There two large highland areas: Ishtar Terra in the northern hemisphere (about the size of Australia) and Aphrodite Terra along the equator (about the size of South America). The interior of Ishtar consists mainly of a high plateau, Lakshmi Plenum, which is surrounded by the highest mountains on Venus including the enormous Maxwell Montes. • Sif Mons (Magellan radar) • Data from Magellan's imaging radar shows that much of the surface of Venus is covered by lava flows. There are several large shield volcanoes (similar to Hawaii or Olympus Mons). • Recently announced findings indicate that Venus is still volcanically active, but only in a few hot spots; for the most part it has been geologically rather quiet for the past few hundred million years. • There are no small craters on Venus. It seems that small meteoroids burn up in Venus' dense atmosphere before reaching the surface. Craters on Venus seem to come in bunches indicating that large meteoroids that do reach the surface usually break up in the atmosphere. • The oldest terrains on Venus seem to be about 800 million years old. Extensive volcanism at that time wiped out the earlier surface including any large craters from early in Venus' history. DID YOU KNOW? Venus was the Roman goddess of love and beauty. In Greek, her name was Aphrodite. The planet Venus has long been one of the most misunderstood of all the inner planets. Like the Earth, Venus has an atmosphere. However, Venus' atmosphere is far thicker than that of the Earth, making it difficult for modern science to penetrate. Interestingly, scientists have recently been able to peek through the thick clouds and get a few glimpses of the surface. Venus has more than 1600 volcanoes on it and Venus is the evil brother of Earth although identical in size. PICTURES OF VENUS Venus is very hot because it is so close to the Sun. EARTH FACTS • The length of time it takes for Earth to orbit the sun is 365 and a quarter days. • Mass 5,972,190,000,000,000kg. This shows you were the planets are. • -a years on Earth isn't 365 days its actually 365 2564 days People believed that if you went to far and over the horizon you would drop off the edge and die because they thought it was flat. Scientist use Earth to study all the other planets. The picture up in the corner is the inside of the Earth. The Earth has one Moon and the name of that Moon is Luna. The Earth has on it about 30%of land covering it and 70% of ocean covering it. Since no human has been to any other planet scientist have to use what they know. What was the picture on the first slide? How many moons does Earth have? What is the name of Earth’s moon? Mars is a planet. Mars was the Roman god of war and agriculture. The core of Mars is nickle iron/silicate. Mars has rocks all over it. If you weighed 70 pounds (32 kg) on Earth, you would weigh about 27 pound (12 kg) on Mars. Picture of Mars Mars 1facts • 1 mars protected those who fought for their communities and stayed home to raies crops for food in greek mars was konow as ares. Mars is a wonderful planet and some people think that there are aliens. Mars was the Roman god of war and agriculture. It may not seem like these two things go together, but they do. Mars protected those who fought for their communities, and stayed home to raise crops for food. In Greek, Mars was known as Ares. The ice there, is mostly water ice, permanently frozen. However, there’s a thin layer of frozen carbon dioxide-dry ice-that coats it every winter and melts every summer. That means the ice cap changes all the time, making it interesting to study. This is the ice cap on Mars. The core of Mars is called nickle iron/ silicate. By Morgan Murray This is Mars and all of its rocks. Jupiter’s profile Jupiter’s orbit is up to: 778,330,000 km from the Sun. Jupiter’s diameter reaches up to: 142, 984 km. Jupiter’s mass reaches up to: 1.900.27 kg. Jupiter is the fourth brightest object in the sky, after the Sun, the Moon, and Venus. Jupiter has been known since prehistoric times as a bright ‘’ wandering star. ‘’ But in 1610 Galileo first pointed a telescope out in the sky and he discovered Jupiter’s four large moons Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto now known as the Galilean moons. Jupiter had a liquid metal ocean [ metallic hydrogen] at its centre, surrounded by thousands of kilometres of hydrogen and helium gas. Jupiter’s famous red spot is in fact a storm the size of the Earth that has raged for hundreds of years. Jupiter has a thin set of rings, hardly visible, even with telescopes, from Earth. Jupiter is the vacuum cleaner of space, it sucks in comets, asteroids and meteorites which could be on a collision course for Earth. Jupiter By Ellie G Jupiter is the biggest planet in the solar system. It has 1 ring . It has 1 moon. It was the smallest planet ages ago. About Jupiter Saturn By Millie Saturn facts • Saturn is the sixth planet away from the Sun • Saturn is the least dense of the planets; its specific gravity is less than that of water. • Saturn's rings are extraordinarily thin: though they're 250,000 km or more in diameter they're less then one kilometre thick. Despite their impressive appearance, there's really very little material in the rings -- if the rings were compressed into a single body it would be no more than 100 km across. Saturn’s rings • Ring A is very bright and outer-lying. It has its moon named Daphnis orbiting inside it. • Ring B is the largest and densest of all Saturn rings. • Ring C is very faint. • Ring D is located closest to Saturn and is hard to see. • Ring E is a very wide and outer-lying ring made of ice chunks. • Ring F has the unique spiral strand around it. It is the farthest ring from Saturn. • Ring G is situated between rings F and E. It is small and hardly visible. • Ring O was discovered in 2010. Now it is supposed to be the largest ring. Saturn is a big… a big gas planet! The shining rings around Saturn, are made of millions and millions chunks of ice. These circle around the planet like tiny moons and shine by reflecting sunlight from their surfaces. Saturn was one of the 5 planets that could be seen with a naked eye that have been known to exist for a thousand years. The ancient Greeks knew about this planet and they named it after their god of Agriculture - Kronos. That may be due to the planets golden colour, which is similar to wheat. Later the planet was known as Saturnuss or Saturn as we call it, which was the Roman equivalent of Kronos. Quiz time! How many planets could be seen with a naked eye? A.1 B. 8 C. 5 What did the Greeks call Saturn? A. Ringus B. Saturnuss C. Saitunus Uranus By Amy Random facts Fun facts about William Hershel Fun fact! Uranus temperature is a minimum temperature of 49 K (−224.2 °C) and is closest to Neptune ! By Alanah Winfield Facts! Uranus speed is 6.80km/s (I have no idea how slow that is!) It’s temperature is 49 K (−224.2 °C)! It has the third-largest planetary radius! The only thing that has ever landed on it is a satellite called Voyager 2 and took some amazing pictures! Some people think I look like an egg! Neptune the discovery! Fun fact! The average temperature is -184C! Facts of discovery! Neptune is the smallest of our four gas giants in our solar system. Much like Saturn and Uranus, Neptune’s atmosphere contains hydrogen, helium and methane. Neptune has 18 moons that we know of because Neptune is so far away, it is difficult to see any of these worlds. There are probably many more moons orbiting this blue planet which we have not yet discovered! The first moon orbiting Neptune was Triton. 1 orbit of the Sun: 60,190 days 1 rotation: 17 days 16 hours Mass: 17 times more than the Earth! Volume: 57 times more than the Earth! Escape Velocity:84,651km/h (52,600mph) Distance from Sun: 4,496 million kilometres (2,794 million miles). Neptune’s Inner moons: Naiad, Thalassa, Despina, Galatea. Outer moons: Larissa, Proteus, Triton, 2005 fy9, Nereid, Gabrielle, Eris, Sedna, Nix, Hydra, Orcus, Varuna, 2003 EL61, Quaoar! Pictures of Neptune Facts of Neptune! The atmosphere is Hydrogen, Helium and Methane. Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun. At this distance, the Sun and asteroid belt look very small! Neptune was discovered by Johann Gaelle and Heinrich D’Arrest in 1846. When Voyager 2 visited Neptune, pictures of a giant storm much like the storm that happened on Jupiter. This storm is called “Great Dark Spot” because it appears as a big oval spot on the surface of Neptune! The winds near the Great Dark Spot were believed to have reached nearly 1,200 mph ( approx 1931 km). Neptune has a dark spot at the bottom of the planet scientists believe that this dark spot is a raging storm that is the size of Earth. Neptune is one of the windiest planets in the whole solar system no other planet in the solar system has as strong winds as Neptune. The storms that are next to the great dark are believed to have reached up to 1,200 mph which is very fast for a storm. Perhaps this extremely windy atmosphere contributes to the appearance and the disappearance of the great dark spots. Neptune is blue because its atmosphere is made up of Hydrogen, Methane and Helium this is why Neptune appears blue when we look at it. Neptune has six big rings circling the planet. These rings are believed to be quite new and not very old. The rings are more irregular than any other planets rings. There are areas of big thickness on these six rings. The colour of Neptune's rings was only discovered last year in October. Scientists are still trying to discover things about the rings of Neptune because not much is known about them. Triton Neptune's biggest moon Despina Galatea Halimede Laomedia Larissa Naiad Nereid Neso Proteous Psamathe Sao And Thalassa Pluto was thought to be the god to whom all men must eventually go. Romans believed him to be the god of the underworld. In Greek mythology, he is known as Hades. Because Pluto is so small you would be very light if you visited. If you weigh70 pounds on Earth, you would only weigh 4 pounds on Pluto. Pluto is the only planet to be named by a kid. After the planet was discovered in 1930, an 11-year-old girl who lived in Oxford, England, by the name of Venetia Burney. Pluto is one of the outer planets. Pluto use to be a planet but we don’t class it as one now. Pluto It was smallest planet of all but now it isn't a planet any more. By Ellie M ASTEROIDS By Alfie • An asteroid is a very large rock in outer space and most times lands on other planets. Some asteroids are as big as a grain of sand. All small asteroids don’t have enough gravity to pull them self into a ball and that’s why there not a ball. Astronomers group asteroids into different categories based on the way they reflect sunlight. The asteroid belt is divided into a inner belt and a outer belt. The inner belt, which is made out of asteroids that are within 250 million miles (402 million km) from Sun, contains asteroids that are made of metals. Asteroids are left over materials form the galaxy. Have you learnt something ? Meteorites Did you know that a meteorite is made out of ice, rock and metal? If you saw a meteorite then you would need to get out your telescope. The meteorites • Meteorites are very old. Meteorites are basically a shooting star. Meteorites are made out of metal and rock. Meteorites are mostly a little bigger than a pebble. Some people call them fireballs. People think that meteorites are just the same as comets but they are not. Meteorites travel through the atmosphere each day. Here is a website you might want to check out: http://kidsastronomy.com/meteorites.htm Doesn’t that look like a shooting star? Well that’s because a shooting stars are Meteorites! As I said most meteorites are the size of pebbles but some are the size of boulders! Thanks for watching hope you learnt something! By Dulcie By Ashlee This section will be about the Milky Way and the things I've been learning about it. Milky Way • The Milky Way is flat, round like a plate. The Milky Way is really bright at night mostly when it is midnight. The Milky Way is really heavy it weighs 10,000000kg. Here are some pictures of the Milky Way. MILKY WAY By Nellie Kildin FUN FACTS ABOUT THE MILKY WAY The Milky Way is a big galaxy of stars. The Milky Way is important to us because if we didn’t have the Milky Way we wouldn’t be here right now! A moon is out in space. You can see it at night, when the mist, goes away. Moons intro!! The moons are all around the solar system some planets have more than overs but it still makes them special. Jupiter is the biggest planet which means it has the most moons, Jupiter has 62 moons that is a lot of moons. Mars only has 3 moons and Earth has 1. So now you should know a bit about the moons in the solar system. There are known to be at least three Moons that circle Mars. The three moon’s of Mars are extremely small, they are only 12.6 km. Although Mars only has 3 moons they are known to be very special. Some of the planets in the solar system have loads of moons for example Neptune and These are Jupiter. the moon’s of Mars . • In 2004 Germany released a probe that was meant to land on a comet . • 10 years later in 2014 (this year) the probe landed on the comet. • Everyone that had worked on this probe and tried to get it into space were very , very happy!!!!!!!! On the outside of the probe are solar panels. On it’s legs are some arms that shoot out like anchors. Inside there is a camera to take pictures and send them to us! And that’s how we get images of space. The Probe • Yes! • When the probe had landed it’s arm like daggers were meant to plunge into the comets surface. • But they didn’t work so the probe drifted off then landed again in a shady spot! • After 2days the probe lost power because it ran on solar panels. So it couldn’t send us any images/pictures.