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Ancient India Indus River Civilizations Anything in red (STOP and pay close attention) is critical information and should be copied exactly. Anything written in yellow (SLOW down and pay attention) is useful information. You should write it in your notes IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Anything in green (GO on to the next point) you do not have to write. On the Where do you think they Indus st 1 started the river! civ of India? The Harappan Civilization 3300 BCE - 2400 BCE HARRAPPAN 2700-1900 BCE lasted 800 yrs! W. Bank of Indus River Discovered in 1920 2 Cities Mohenjo-daro Harrappa MOHENJO-DARO • “Hill of the Dead” • 3 miles long • Large ethnic population • Well planned city • Gridlike • Made of Mud Bricks • Hundreds of found artifacts Harrappa 3 mi long Same formation as Mohenjo-daro Lets take a tour of Mohenjo - Daro Citadel Of MohenjoDaro Aerial View of MohenjoDaro Wide View, Mohenjo-Daro The Great Bath, Mohenjo-Daro Bath Area, MohenjoDaro Well, Mohenjo-Daro Public Well, Harappa Drain, Harappa A Main Street, MohenjoDaro Granery, Mohenjo-Daro pottery, Mohenjo-Daro Bison Seal, MohenjoDaro A Horned-God Seal, Mohenjo-Daro A Male Head, MohenjoDaro Dravidian A Priest-King, MohenjoDaro Necklace, Mohenjo-Daro Unicorn Seal, Harappa Female Figures, Harappa Bull Figurine, Harappa Elephant Figurine, Harappa Burial Pottery, Harappa Male Skeleton, Harappa Female Skeleton with Child, Harappa Harappan Writing Undecipherable to date. Instructions • Anything in red (STOP and pay close attention) is critical information and should be copied exactly. • Anything written in yellow (SLOW down and pay attention) is useful information. You should write it in your notes IN YOUR OWN WORDS. • Anything in green (GO on to the next point) you do not have to write. Aryan Migration pastoral depended on their cattle. warriors horse-drawn chariots. How did the Aryan people get there? Khyber Pass through Hindu Kush mts. Ancient Indian Gods The The Trimurti (Trinity) Lord Brahma is the creator god Vishnu is the Protector Shiva is the destroyer Brahma was born in a lotus flower in sleeping Vishnu’s navel – He had 5 heads but lost one when he lied to Vishnu and Shiva – now he has 4 which become the Vedas The Vedas 1200 BCE-600 BCE. written in SANSKRIT. Hindu core of beliefs: Rig Veda oldest work. hymns and poems. religious prayers. magical spells. lists of the gods and goddesses. Sanskrit writing The Caste System WHO IS… Brahmins Kshatriyas The mouth? The arms? Vaishyas The legs? The feet? What is a JATI? Shudras Varna (Social Hierarchy) Brahmins Kshatriyas Vaishyas Shudras Pariahs [Harijan] Untouchables The Caste System • Brahmin– Educated Priest, doctors, scholars etc • Kshatriya – Warriors, rulers • (These 2 positions changed places) • Vaishya – Trade, agriculture, merchants • Shudra – Service work, peasants Untouchables • Pariahs called Harijan (children of God) stand apart/outside of the caste system. • Did the jobs that no one else wanted like skinning animals and dealing with dead corpses. • People thought that if they touched these people they would become unclean also. QUIZ TIME CAN YOU SPOT THE DIFFERENT CASTE? Shopkeepers Street Traders Woodworkers Collecting dung Brickmaker Landowner smokes a hookah pipe A farmer Caste Differences Position on the cot matters The Vedic Age The foundations for Hinduism were established!