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Revised 11/18/15 5th Grade Science - Ecosystems Common Assessment 1. Plants, algae, and other producers use the sun’s energy, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food. What is this process called? A. B. C. D. predation photosynthesis food cycle ecosystem 2. The three main groups that can be found in all ecosystems are the producers, consumers, and decomposers. Which choice gives an example of an organism from each group? A. B. C. D. bacteria, grass, flower clover, rabbit, mushroom fungi, mushroom, flower cow, eagle, mouse 3. Use the food web below. Which of the following is an example of a consumer receiving energy directly from a producer? A. B. C. D. grasshopper chickadees lizard snake 4. Photosynthesis is an example of an energy transformation. Which statement best describes how the energy is transformed? A. B. C. D. chemical energy to heat energy light energy to chemical energy heat energy to chemical energy chemical energy to light energy Revised 11/18/15 5. Producers are the basis of all food chains. Where do producers get their energy? A. B. C. D. from the sun from eating consumers from decomposers from eating other producers 6. A bear is an example of an omnivore. What does an omnivore eat? A. B. C. D. plants only meat only plants and meat break down dead and decaying materials 7. In a forest, how do decomposers help other organisms survive? A. B. C. D. They release oxygen into the air that animals breathe. They put nutrients back into the soil that plants use to grow. They provide shelter in forests where animals can hide. They use sunlight to make food for plants and animals. 8. When creating a food web, students include arrows. What do the arrows in a food web represent? A. B. C. D. Arrows show the transfer of energy between organisms Arrows show symbiotic relationships between species Arrows show the life cycle between species Arrows show which animals have adaptations in an ecosystem 9. What is the difference between a food web and a food chain? A. B. C. D. a food chain is larger than a food web a food chain is a combination of all food webs in a community a food web is smaller than a food chain a food web is a combination of all food chains in a community Revised 11/18/15 Use the Food Web below to Answer Questions 10-12: 10. According to the food web above, what organism is a producer? A. B. C. D. mayfly phytoplankton frog salamander 11. According to the food web above, which set of organisms are secondary consumers? A. B. C. D. frog, salamander dragonfly, mayfly phytoplankton, mayfly snake, bald eagle 12. According to the food web, which organism is a top consumer? A. B. C. D. frog phytoplankton snake salamander Revised 11/18/15 Use the graphs below to answer Questions 13 & 14: Graph A Graph B 13. Graph A shows the populations of grass, rabbits, snakes and hawks in equilibrium. What does it mean when the populations of organisms in an ecosystem are in equilibrium? A. B. C. D. there are not enough producers in an ecosystem there are too many predators in the ecosystem the ecosystem is in balance It is impossible to know what equilibrium means 14. Graph B shows the population of grass, rabbits, snakes and hawks after three months. What event within the food chain might lead to the graph show above? A. B. C. D. 15. A disease in the population of rabbits A disease in the population of snakes A healthy group of hawks was introduced It is impossible to tell which of the above events occurred. The Emerald Ash Borer is an ash tree-killing insect from Asia. It was discovered in Ohio in 2003. Ohio Department of Agriculture has been battling the pest in an attempt to protect the state's 3.8 billion ash trees. The pest has since spread from Toledo throughout Ohio. The Emerald Ash Borer kills ash trees within three to five years of infecting the ash tree. The larvae spend approximately one year developing beneath the bark of the ash tree eating the nutrients and water that should support the tree. The Emerald Ash Borer is an example of: A. B. C. D. Mutualism Symbiosis Commensalism An invasive species Revised 11/18/15 16. What is one way in which plants depend on animals? A. B. C. D. Animals give off the oxygen plants need for photosynthesis Animals produce the water plants need for photosynthesis Animals give off the carbon dioxide the plants need for photosynthesis Animals produce the glucose (sugar) the plants need for photosynthesis Use the food web below to answer Question 17: 17. One of the energy transformations is shown incorrectly in the food web above. Identify the mistake: A. B. C. D. The arrows are pointed in the wrong direction The owl wouldn’t eat a mouse because it’s an herbivore A deer wouldn’t eat a mouse because it’s an herbivore There is no producer shown in this food web Revised 11/18/15 Use the following information to answer questions 18-21. The picture shows a pond ecosystem. Many plants and animals live in and around the pond. 18. Which of the following is a correct food chain for the pond ecosystem above? A. B. C. D. tadpole green algae trout sunfish green algae tadpole sunfish trout green algae tadpole sunfish trout trout green algae sunfish tadpole 19. A loach is not native to this pond ecosystem. Loaches eat snails and have no natural predators. What would be an effect on the ecosystem if the loach were added to the pond? A. B. C. D. The population of snails would increase, causing the duck population to increase. The population of green algae would decrease The population of snails would decrease, causing the duck population to decrease. The butterfly population would become extinct. 20. Look at the picture, shown above, of the pond ecosystem. Which organism uses sunlight to produce food that others eat? A. B. C. D. Snail Sunfish Butterfly Green Algae 21. Which of the following things in the pond ecosystem (shown above) is abiotic? A. B. C. D. Duck Water Trout Butterfly Revised 11/18/15 22. Some living things use another animal as a host to keep themselves alive. They might live on the inside or the outside of the host and damage its tissue. These organisms can hurt or sometimes even kill the host. Which pair of organisms shows this type of relationship? A. B. C. D. a monkey cleaning the fur of another monkey a cow eating grass ringworm fungus growing on a person’s skin a clown fish 23. Oxpeckers land on rhinos or zebras backs and eat ticks and other parasites that live on their skin. The oxpeckers get food and the zebra get pest control. Also, when there is danger, the oxpeckers fly upward and scream a warning, which helps the zebra be aware of predators. A. B. C. D. Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism 24. A mosquito bites its host organism, drinking its blood. Mosquitos are known to carry diseases and can hurt the host. When one species harms another, this is an example of what symbiotic relationship? A. B. C. D. Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism 25. Cattle egrets live in fields with cows and other livestock. As the cattle and horses walk through the fields eating, they stir up bugs from the ground. The egrets follow the livestock to catch and eat the bugs. The cows and horses are unaffected by the egrets. This is an example of what symbiotic relationship? A. B. C. D. Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism Revised 11/18/15 Use the information on the Red-Back Salamander to answer Questions 26 and 27. 26. How is the Red-backed Salamander unlike other salamanders? Use the Red-backed Salamander information to help you answer this question. A. they are nocturnal B. they don’t spend any part of their life in water C. they live under rocks, logs and dead leaves D. the are eaten by barred owls 27. Short Answer: Abiotic factors often affect biotic factors in an ecosystem. Using details about the Red-Backed Salamander, in your Answer Document, describe two ways that a forest fire would affect the Red-backed Salamander. (2 points) Revised 11/18/15 28. Extended Response: A class observed a forest ecosystem with many organisms. Students combined their observations of what the organisms eat in the table. (4 points) Organism Leaves Berries Mouse Snake Grasshopper Owl Energy Source Energy through photosynthesis Energy through photosynthesis Leaves, Berries Mouse, Grasshopper Leaves Snake, Mouse In your Answer Document, draw a food web using these six organisms. When drawing the food web, be sure to use the names of the six organisms and draw arrows to trace the energy flow among the organisms. 29. Short Answer: A disease killed all the snakes in this food web. In your Answer Document, describe two effects that killing the snake would have on the ecosystem. (2 points) 30. Short Answer: Lions are carnivores and eat only meat. Describe the flow of energy from the sun to the lion or draw a food chain to show your answer. (2 points) Revised 11/18/15