Download Study Guide Classical Greece Chapter 12

Study Guide Classical Greece Chapter 12
Go to www.classzone.com Click on the social studies link. Click on the world history
link. Now click on the cover of your book (World History Ancient Civilization)
Click on Student Tools- Chapter 12 Classical Greece
Some things that you can review or practice for your test include:
 Flip Cards (vocabulary words and definitions)
 Crossword Puzzle (review of main ideas from chapter)
 Take the Chapter Quiz. Submit it any time BEFORE the test. Print it and bring it
in to your teacher for and extra 5 points on your Chapter 12 social studies test. (If
you don’t have a computer at home you can go to the school library during
homeroom, before or after school to complete the quiz on a computer there. Ask
your teacher for a pass)
You will need to know how to read and gather information from a map and a chart/table.
Pericles
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Ruled Athens during the Golden Age
Gave more power to the poor
Increased the number of public officials that had paid jobs
Rebuilt Athens because it had been destroyed by the Persians during the war
He had three goals for Athens: strengthen the democracy, expand the empire, and
beautify the city-state
Delian League
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A group of city-states that formed a protective league
Money was used to build a strong navy
Athens became more powerful at this time, and some think abused their power
This angered other city-states
Peloponnesian War Three main reasons the war broke out
 Some city-state feared Athens power
 Athens had grown into a naval empire
 Athenians began moving and settling in other city-states
 The city-states resented the power of Athens and its use of Delian League money
 Sparta lead the rebellion to begin the war
 Sparta’s plan was to cut of Athens’s food supply and destroy the countryside
 Pericles brought all people to live in the city for safety, the city became
overcrowded and a plague broke out. One third of the population was killed
including Pericles
 421 Athens signed a truce and surrendered to Sparta
 The Peloponnesian War weakened Greece and made them an easy target for
conquering from the Macedonians.
 Phillip II Had a strong military and conquered the Greeks
Alexander the Great Alex takes over his father, Phillip’s, empire after he is assassinated
 Alexander’s empire stretched from the Nile river to the Indus river, fighting for 11
years and never loosing a battle
 He returned home, became ill, and died at the age of 32
 His empire was divided into three sections and run by three of his generals, not
one of them was strong enough to take control on the entire empire
 His Legacy Hellenistic culture grew and learning from the combined lands of Greece,
Egypt, India, and the Arabs, made new discoveries possible in science and
medicine
 Capital city Alexandria- center of learning
 Library was there, and famous light house
Legacy of the Greeks Drama- comedies and tragedies (plays)
 Tragedy- written about serious or sadness written by Sophocles and
Euripides
 Comedy- funny written to make fun of politics and important people some
were written by Aristophanes
 Sculpture- Phidias created a statue to Athena and the building of the Parthenon
 Architecture-Columns
 Doric- simple style
 Ionic-thin column with scroll like design for its top
 Corinthian- mostly used by the Romans
 Government-Democratic
Athenian Democracy- citizenship=males 18 years old, born of citizen parents
- Assembly of all citizens votes on laws
- Leader is selected randomly or elected
- Council of 500 prepares business for assembly
- As many as 500 jurors could serve
U.S. Democracy- citizenship= born in the U. S. or completed citizenship process
- Representative are elected to law-making body
- Leader is elected
- Executive branch has elected and appointed officials
- Juries usually have 12 jurors
SAME FOR BOTH ATHENS AND US DEMOCRACY
- Political power is held by all citizens
- Government has 3 branches
- Laws-making branch passes laws
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Executive branch carries out the laws
Judicial branch holds trials
 History- Herodotus, father of history
 Philosophy- search for truth
 Greek philosophers believed the universe was put together in an orderly way
and that the laws of nature controlled the universe
 Socrates- famous philosopher encouraged questioning. The question/answer
type of teaching is known as the SOCRATIC method
 Plato, a student of Socrates, wrote a book called THE REPUBLIC on
government, he also started a school called the Academy
 Aristotle, Plato’s brightest student became Alexander the Great’s tutor as a
child. He invented a method of debating that followed the rule of logic