Download JAMNABAI NARSEE SCHOOL FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATIONS

JAMNABAI NARSEE SCHOOL
FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATIONS
Importance of classification:
 Method of arranging and grouping of organisms in various divisions is called
classification.
 Taxonomy: Is the science of classifying organisms.
 It makes the study of an enormous diversity of organisms easy.
 It helps us to understand the relationships among different groups of organisms and
understand the placement of various life forms at a glance.
Binomial Nomenclature:
Is a system of Scientific Naming using TWO NAMES FOR EVERY ORGANISM: The GENUS
and the SPECIES name.
The system follows certain rules:
1. The scientific name must be in Greek or Latin language.
This helps to communicate accurate information to other biologist around the world who
use many different languages. This is done by assigning a unique two-word scientific
name to each organism.
2. The first part of the name is called the Genus and the second part of the name is called
the species.
3. The Genus name refers to the small group of related organisms which possess some
common features.
4. The SECOND part of the name is the SPECIES.
5. Species means an organism of a particular kind whose members can interbreed amongst
themselves to produce fertile young ones.
Example: the scientific name of Man is Homo sapiens,
Mango is Mangifera indica.
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Order of Classification:
 The framework of classification is in a hierarchical order in which groups are arranged in a
definite order from higher to lower categories.
Kids
Kingdom
Playing
Phylum
Catch
Class
On
Order
Classification of
Kingdom
Freeway
Family
Get
Genus
Man
Animalia
Tiger
Animalia
Phylum/Division
Chordata
Chordata
Class
Mammalian
Mammalia
Order
Primates
Carnivora
Family
Hominidae
Felidae
Genus
Homo
Panthera
Species
sapiens
tigris
FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION
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Squashed
Species
Characteristics of the Monera Kingdom:
1. Prokaryotes (unicellular organism)
2. Do not have true well defined nucleus or other organelles.
3. Mode of Nutrition : Heterotrophic and autotrophic
(Heterotrophic - Organism that can't synthesize (make) it's own food)
(Autotrophic - Organism that CAN make it's own food - photosynthesis)
4. Examples: Bacteria
Characteristics of the Protista Kingdom
1.
2.
3.
4.
Unicellular and Eukaryotes( well defined nucleus)
Heterotrophic and Autotrophic
Often have hair like cilia or ship like flagella for locomotion.
ExampleThings like: Protozoa, slime molds and algae
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Characteristics of the Fungi Kingdom
1.
2.
3.
4.
Eukaryotic (well defined nucleus)
Unicellular and Multicellular
Mostly have saprophytic nutrition i.e live on dead or decaying organic matter.
Example: Mushrooms, Bread Moulds, Yeasts.
Characteristics of Plantae Kingdom
1.
2.
3.
4.
Eukaryotic and Multicellular
Autotrophic
Have rigid cell wall made up of cellulose.
Example: Mosses, Ferns, Conifers and Flowering plants
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KINGDOM PLANTAE:
The Plant Kingdom can be further classified into two main subkingdoms:
A] Plants That Don’t Make Seeds (Subkingdom Crypytogamae): It is divided into three
divisions as follows
1. Thallophyta:The plant body is simple thallus type.
The plant body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
They are commonly known as algae. Examples: Spirogyra, volvox, ulothtrix, etc.
2. Bryophyta:Plant body is differentiated into stem and leaf like structure.
Vascular system is absent, which means there is no specialized tissue for transportation of
water, minerals and food. Examples: Moss, liver worts.
3. Pteridophyta:Plant body is differentiated into root, stem and leaf.
Vascular system is present. Which means specialized tissues to conduct food, water and
minerals in plants. Examples: Ferns, Horse tails, etc.
COMPARISON OF THALLOPHYTA ,BRYOPHYTA AND PTERIDOPHYTA
THALLOPHYTA
Plant body thallus like, not
differentiated into root, stem
and leaves.
No specialized system for
conduction.
Includes algae
BRYOPHYTA
Plant body does not have true
roots, stems and leaves but
may show leaf like structures.
True conduction vascular
system is absent.
Includes mosses and liver
worts
PTERIDOPHYTA
Plants have true roots, stem
and leaves.
Conduction vascular system
is present.
Includes ferns.
B] Plants That Make Seeds (Subkingdom Phanerogamae): It is also called as spermatophyta.
It is further divided into two subdivisions as follows:
1. Gymnosperms:They bear seeds. Seeds are naked, i.e. are not covered.
The word ‘gymnos’ means naked and ‘sperma’ means seed.
They are perennial plants. Examples: Pine, cycas, deodar, etc.
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2. Angiosperms:The seeds are coveredThe word ‘angios’ means covered.
Angiosperms are also known as flowering plants, because flower is a specialized organ
meant for reproduction.
Angiosperms are further divided into two groups, viz. monocotyledonous and
dicotyledonous.
(a) Monocotyledonous: There is single seed leaf in a seed. A seed leaf is a baby plant.
Examples: wheat, rice, maize, etc.
(b) Dicotyledonous: There are two cotyledons in a seed. Examples: Mustard, gram, mango
Characteristics of Animalia Kingdom
1. Eukaryotic,Multicellular, Heterotrophic
2. Cells do not have cell walls
3. It is divided in to number of phyla depending on the cell organization symmetry,
presence or absence of notochord and body activity.
4. Things like: sponges, jellyfish, mollusks, round worms, flat worms, segmented worms,
arthropods, starfish, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
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