Download Outline for Huang He Valley

Outline for Huang He Valley
I. Chinese Geography
A. the Huang He River (a.k.a. _______________ River)
1. starts in the __________________ Plateau
2. flows _____________ miles to the Yellow Sea
3. carries ______________ (which gives it a yellow color in the _____________)
a. a dusty yellow soil
4. also deposits silt which creates rich farming on the _____________ ___________ ___________
a. good for growing grains such as _______________
5. sometimes called "China's ______________"
a. many devastating ______________ throughout history
i. killed _______________ of people
ii. caused ___________________ (or food shortages)
B. the Chang Jiang (a.k.a. ______________ River or ___________________ River)
1. the world's ________ longest river
a. flows more than___________ miles from Tibetan Plateau to _________ __________ Sea
b. flows through ______________
i. mountain passes with steep sides
2. Chang Jiang agriculture
a. summer flooding brings ___________ to make its banks fertile
b. good for growing _____________
c. today, this area still produces __________ of China's food crops
3. Three Gorges ______________ - one of the worlds's largest construction projects
a. should save _______________ by controlling ______________
b. people will need to ______________ and historical _____________ may be lost
C. Other geographic features
1. northern steppe region is a dry, treeless plain not suitable for growing _______________
a. used for raising livestock such as ______________ and ____________
2. many elevated areas included _________________ Mountains, ___________ __________
Mountains, and the _________________ Plateau
3. _____________ Desert
II. The First Dynasties of China
A. The Shang Dynasty (1700 B.C. – 1100 B.C.)
1. a _________________ is a line of rulers from the same _______________________
2. developed many small _______________ by giving ____________ to family members
a. each had its own _____________ and __________________
b. each supplied ______________ for the empire
3. the city of ____________________ served as a capital of the Shang Empire for a while
a. archaeologists discovered “_________ ______________”
i. huts that were partially dug into the ___________
ii. served as _____________ and ______________ for artisans and servants
b. royal tombs held remains of people
i. also contained ____________ cups, __________ statues, and magnificent _____________
B. Culture of the Shang Dynasty
1. the origins of Chinese ________________ date back to this period
a. started out as picture ________________
i. changed into more complex _________________ over time
b. many Shang records were written on _________________ and _____________
c. also wrote on _______________ and bronze ____________
i. ____________________ bones were used to tell the future
2. religious beliefs
a. believed ____________________ lived in another world and controlled _____________ life
i. true _______________ predictions proved king was helped by ancestors
b. also believed in ____________________
i. these many gods controlled _________________
c. believed when they died, they would ______________ their ancestors and the gods
C. The Zhou Dynasty
1. the Zhou _____________ Shang army around 1100 B.C. and took control of _______________ Valley
2. claimed their new dynasty was “___________________ of ________________”
a. “governments may rule as long as they do so _______________________, benefiting the
_________________, and performing the proper ________________ duties”
i. most important duty was honoring _____________ and _________________
3. Zhou also known as China’s ________________ Age
a. time of great growth, prosperity, and ________________ for China
b. period when the Five Classics were written
i. formed the basis of Chinese ________________ styles
ii. titles included: Book of __________________, Book of ________________,
Spring and Autumn ____________________, Book of __________________, and
Book of _____________________
c. merchants started using _______________ ____________ instead of seashells for trade
d. their _________________ may have been the first to make _______________ into cloth
e. development of ______________ technology
i. made iron stronger by putting it into _________________
ii. made weapons such as _______________ and swords
iii. used for sculptures
iv. used for __________________________ tools such as spades, knives, and sickles
f. developments in transportation
i. used ______________ _______________ for messaging carrying and war
ii. made __________________________ for battle
4. Zhou System of Rule
a. the king would give ____________ and _____________ small fortified cities to rule
i. these cities were surrounded by smaller, _________________ towns
b. Zhou empire was pretty peaceful until king killed in 771 B.C.
5. _______________ ___________________ Period lasted from 4875 B.C. to 221 B.C.
a. rulers of local areas would go to frequently fight with each other
b. rulers tried to find best _____________________ and ________________ to help rule the best
way and bring unity to China. This period was also known as Hundred Schools of Philosophy Era
6. the teacher named Kong Fu Zi (a.k.a. _______________________) becomes famous
a. traveled and gave advice to many different ________________
b. teachings about ____________________ and ____________ have huge impact no China
c. believed education was the key to __________________
i. education develops __________________ - the quality of always treating others fairly
d. after his death, teaching were collected in a book known as the ____________________
7. Lao Zi becomes famous for developing __________- a belief in “the way”
a.. also known as Taoism
b. teaches that _________________ should guide people in their lives
c. does not believe that ______________ and high ________________ are important
III. The First Chinese Empires
A. The “First Grand Emperor”
1. after conquering other states, Shihuangdi becomes _________________ of the Qin empire
a. this is the supreme ruler of an empire (or a group of states under one government)
2. makes the central city of _________________ his capital
3. divides the empire into 36 ________________________ (or political divisions of land)
a. gives each area a __________________
b. lets ________________ own land
i. captial city was ______________________
4. developing the empire
a. ordered all _____________ be built to a standard size
b. created a single system of _______________ for the entire empire
c. ordered a standard system of _________________
d. set-up a single system of ___________________
i. must be used in all reports sent to capital
ii. used to collect and ________________ taxes
e. ordered that a ___________ be built to protect the empire from invaders
i. this ____________ ___________ of ____________ stills stands today
f. taxes were collected in the form of ________________ and working on ____________
g. used form of government called ___________________
i. actions that help that empire are _________________
ii. actions that hurt or threaten the empire are _____________
5. Shihuangdi’s ______________
a. one fo the greatest ________________ projects of the Qin empire
b. the famous “_____________ _______________” was found in here
i. included _____________ clay soldiers and horses, all of which were different!
ii. made to protect the dead emperor
IV. The Han Dynasty
A. A New Kind of Government
1. after Shihuangdi’s death, ________ ________ and his family starts the Han dynasty
2. the Han dynasty brings a new type of government to China
a. based on _______________________ (the teachings of Confucius)
i. government jobs go to ________________ people, not just rich people
b. expand the Chinese ______________________
3. the role of education
a. schools were used to prepare student for _________________ service
i. taught literature and ideas of _________________
b. excellent students were sent to _______________ School (best school in the empire)
i. studied history, _____________ ____________, poetry, and ___________ for one year
ii. took a _____________
iii. those who pass the test become well-respect and get government jobs
B. Science and Technology
1. scientists and mathematicians learn to predict __________________ of the sun
2. doctors discovered new __________________
3. importance of writing grew
a. language grew from 3,000 characters to ________________ characters
b. first Chinese ________________ was developed around 100 A.D.
c. poets wrote about the beauty of their ________________
4. invented the __________________ , a type of _____________, and the first ____________________
a. a seismograph is a device that helps detects ________________________
5. developed the ________________ making industry
a. a beautiful, light and strong fabric
C. the End of the Han Dynasty
1. ended around 220 A.D. due to military defeats and fighting among rulers
2. China split into ________ kingdoms