Download 07HYD13_Layout 1

13

, 7  2017
38) What constituents of DNA are linked by
glycosidic bond?
A. In DNA, sugar molecule and N2 –base are linked
by glycosidic bond in each nucleotide.
39) Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen, Chitin are
polysaccharides found among the following.
Choose the one appropriate and write
against each.
a) Cotton fibre- b) Exoskeleton of cockroachc) Liverd) Peeled potato-
A. a) Cotton fibre
- Cellulose
b) Exoskeleton of cockroach
- Chitin
c) Liver
- Glycogen
d) Peeled potato
- Starch
(CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION)
40) Among prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which one
has a shorter duration of cell cycle?
A. Prokaryotes exhibit shorter duration of cell cycle
when compared to eukaryotes.
What is the basis of classification of Algae?
BOTANY
2MARKS VERY SHORT ANSWERS
(DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD)
1) What is flora?
A. Flora contains the actual account of
habitat, distribution and systematic listing
of plants of a given area.
2) What is meant by manuals and
monographs?
A. Manuals and monographs are recording
descriptions.
i. manuals are specially designed for ready
reference, providing information for
identification of names of species found in
an area.
ii. monographs contain information on any
one taxon.
3) What is the basic unit of classification ?
Define it.
A. i) Species is the basic unit of
classification.
ii) It is defined as a group of individual
organisms with fundamental similarities.
4) Give the scientific name of mango. Identify
the generic name and specific epithet.
A. i) Mangifera indica is the scientific name
of mango.
ii) Mangifera is the generic name and
indica is the specific epithet.
(BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION)
5) How are viroids different from viruses.
A. Viroids: The infectious agents with nucleic
acid (RNA) only are called viroids. Protein
coat is absent.
Eg: Potato spindle tuber virus (PSTV)
Viruses: The infectious agents with both
nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) and protein
coat are called viruses.
Eg: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
6) What do the terms phycobiont and
mycobiont signify?
A. Algal component of the lichen is called
Phycobiont. It is autotrophic. Fungal
component of the lichen is called Mycobiont.
It is heterotrophic.
7) State two economically important uses
of heterotrophic bacteria.
A. Heterotrophic bacteria are useful in
i) Making curd from milk
ii) Production of antibiotics
iii) Nitrogen fixation in legume roots
8) Name two diseases caused by mycoplasmas.
S.No
I
II
III
Disease
Witches broom
Pleuropneumonia
Mycoplasmal
urethritis
Organism in Which
Diseaseoccurs
Plants
Cattle
Humans
9) Explain how the term botany has emerged.
A. According m “Botany” from which the
term “Botany” is derived.
10) Who is popularly known as father of Botany?
What was the book written by him?
A. i) Theophrastus is the father of Botany.
ii) He wrote a book “ de Historia Plantarum “
11) Why is mendel considered as the father
of Genetics?
A i) Mendel conducted hybridization experim
-ents on pea plant. ( pisum sativum)
ii) He proposed laws of inheritance and
became popular as Father of Genetics.
12) Who discovered the cell and what was
the book written by him?
A. i) Robert Hooke first discovered the cell.
ii) He wrote the book “Micrographia”.
13) What are the groups of plants that live
as symbionts in lichens? Name the study
of lichens.
A. i) The plants that live as symbionts in
lichens are algae and fungi.
ii) The study of lichens is lichenology.
14) Which group of plants is called vascular
cryptogams? Name the branch of
Botany which deals with them?
A. i) Pteridophytes are called ‘vascular
cryptogams’
ii) The branch dealing with them is
Pteridology
(PLANT KINGDOM)
15) What is the basis of classification of Algae?
A. Algae were classified on the basis of
pigmentation and type of stored food. Into
three main classes-chlorophyceae, phaeo
phyceae, and rhodophyceae.
16) Name the pigment responsible for brown
colour of phaeophyceae and red colour
of rhodophyceae?
A. i) The brown colour of Phaeophyceae is due
to fucoxanthin.
ii) Red colour of Rhodophyceae is due to
rphycoerythrin.
17) Name the gymnosperms which contain
mycorrhiza and corolloid roots
respectively?
A. i) Pinus is the gymnosperm which contains
mycorrhiza.
ii) Cycas is the gymnosperm which contains
coralloid roots.
18) What are the first organisms to colonise
rocks? Give the generic name of the
moss which provides peat?
A i) Mosses along with Lichens are the first
organisms to colonise rocks.
ii) Sphagnum, a moss provides peat that is
used as a fuel.
19) Give examples for unicellular, colonial
and filamentous algae?
A. i) Unicellular alga – Chlamydomonas
ii) Colonial alga –Volvox
iii) Filamentous algae –Ulothrix, Spirogyra.
(STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN
PLANTS-MORPHOLOGY)
20) What is meant by pulvinus leaf base? In
members of which angiospermic family
do you find them?
A. Swollen leaf base is called pulvinus leaf
base. It is found in some plants of Legum
inosae (Fabaceae).
21) Which organ is modified to trap insects in
insectivorous plants? Give two examples.
A. In insectivorous plants leaves are modified
to trap insects for their nitrogen requirement.
Eg: Nepenthes (pitcher plant),
Dionea (venus fly trap)
22) What is the morphology of cup like
structure in Cyathium? In which family
it is found?
A. i) In Cyathium, cup like
Jr.
structure is formed by
Inter
“involucre of bracts”
Spl
ii) It is found in the family
Euphorbiaceae
23) What is meant by epipetalous
condition? Give an example.
A. When the stamens are attached to the petals,
it is called epipetalous condition.
Eg: Solanum (brinjal)
24) Define placentation. What type of
placentation is found in Dianthus?
A. i) The arrangement of ovules within the
ovary is known as placentation.
ii) In “ Dianthus” the placentation is
“freecentral”.
25) What is meant by parthenocarpic fruit?
How is it useful?
A. i) The fruit that is formed from the ovary
without fertilization is called parther nocarpic fruit.
ii) Such fruits are seedless and commercially
useful in juice industries.
Eg: Banana, Grapes
26) Why certain fruits are called false fruits?
Name two examples of plants having
false fruits.
A. The fruits which are formed from any part
of the flower like thalamus or pedicel along
with the ovary are called flase fruits.
Eg: a) In apple, thalamus develops into false fruit
b) In cashew, pedicel develops into false fruit
27) Name any two plants having single
seeded dry fruits.
A. Dry indehiscent fruits are usually
single seeded.
Name of
Single seeded
the plant
dru fruits
1) Rice (Oryza)
_ Caryopsis
2) Cashew
_ Nut
3) Tridax
_ Cypsela
28) What are aggregate fruits. Give an
example.
A. i) When a bunch of fruitlets develop from
multi-carpellary apocarpous gynoecium
of single flower, such fruits are called
aggregate fruits.
ii) Eg: Annona (custard apple), Lotus
29) Name a plant that has single fruit
developing from the entire inflorescence.
What is such a fruit called?
A. i) The plant that has single fruit developing
from the entire inflorescence is “Pineapple”
(Ananas sativus) or Jackfruit (Artocarpus).
ii) Such fruit is called Composite fruit.
Nakirekanti Seenaiah
Senior Faculty
Hyderabad
94403 78146
(PLANT SYSTEMATICS)
30) What is geocarpy? Name the plant
which exhibits this phenomenon.
A. i) The development of fruit inside the soil
is called geocarpy.
ii) Geocarpy is exhibited by Arachis
hypogeal (groundnut).
31) Name the type of pollination mechanism
found in members of Fabaceae.
A. i) Fabaceae members exhibit entomophilous
cross pollination.
ii) The mechanism of cross pollination is
called Poston mechanism due to the
presence of papilionaceous corolla.
32) Give the technical description of ovary
in Solanum nigrum.
A. i) In Solanum nigrum ovary is bicarpellary,
syncarpous, bilocular, superior ovary, with
many ovules on swollen axile placentation.
Style terminal, stigma capitates, carpels are
arranged obliquely at 450.
33) Give the technical description of anthers
of Allium cep.
A. In Allium cepa six stamens are arranged in
two whorls of three each (3+3),
epiphyllous, anthers dithecous, basifixed,
introrse and dehisce longitudinally.
(CELL-STRUCTURE ANDFUNCTIONS)
34) What does “S” refer in a 70S & 80S
ribosome?
A. i) “S” stands for the ‘sedimentation
coefficient’(expressed in Svedberg unit).
ii) It is indirectly a measure of density and
size of ribosome.
35) What is the function of a polysome?
A. i) Several ribosomes may attach to a single
m-RNA and form a chain called polyribo
somes or polysome.
ii) Protein content of the cell increases as the
ribosomes of a polysome translate the genetic
message on m-RNA into proteins.
36) What is osmosis?
A. Movement of water from the region of its
higher concentration to lower concentr ation through semi permeable membrane is
called osmosis.
Movement of water by diffusion across the
membrane.
37) Give one example for each of amino acids, sugars, nucleotides and fatty acids.
A. Amino acids
- Glycine, Alanine, Serine
Sugars
- Glucose, Ribose, deoxyribose
Nucleotides- Adenylic acid, Thymidylic
acid, Guanylic acid, Uridylic acid,
Cytidylic acid
Fatty acids
- Palmitic acid,
Arachidonic acid